عذاب

Arabic

Root
ع ذ ب (ʕ ḏ b)
5 terms

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ʕa.ðaːb/

Noun

عَذَاب • (ʕaḏāb) m

torture, torment, punishment
Antonym: رَحْمَة (raḥma)
- 7th century CE, The Quran‎^[1]:
  إِنَّا أَرْسَلْنَا نُوحًا إِلَى قَوْمِهِ أَنْ أَنْذِرْ قَوْمَكَ مِنْ قَبْلِ أَنْ يَأْتِيَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ
  ʔinnā ʔarsalnā nūḥan ʔilā qawmihi ʔan ʔanḏir qawmaka min qabli ʔan yaʔtiyahum ʕaḏābun ʔalīmun
  Lo! We sent Noah unto his people (saying): Warn thy people ere the painful doom come unto them.
- 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 88:23-24:
  إِلَّا مَن تَوَلَّىٰ وَكَفَرَ / فَيُعَذِّبُهُ اللَّهُ الْعَذَابَ الْأَكْبَرَ
  ʔillā man tawallā wakafara / fayuʕaḏḏibuhu l-lahu al-ʕaḏāba al-ʔakbara
  But whoso is averse and disbelieveth, Allah will punish him with direst punishment.
torment, agony, suffering, pain
Antonym: نَعِيم (naʕīm)

Declension

Declension of noun عَذَاب (ʕaḏāb)

Singular	basic singular triptote
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	عَذَاب ʕaḏāb	الْعَذَاب al-ʕaḏāb	عَذَاب ʕaḏāb
Nominative	عَذَابٌ ʕaḏābun	الْعَذَابُ al-ʕaḏābu	عَذَابُ ʕaḏābu
Accusative	عَذَابًا ʕaḏāban	الْعَذَابَ al-ʕaḏāba	عَذَابَ ʕaḏāba
Genitive	عَذَابٍ ʕaḏābin	الْعَذَابِ al-ʕaḏābi	عَذَابِ ʕaḏābi

Descendants

→ Azerbaijani: əzab
→ Avar: гӏазаб (ʻazab)
→ Classical Persian: عَذَاب (azāb)
- → Bengali: আজাব (ajab), আযাব (ajab)
- → Bashkir: ғазап (ğazap)
- → Hindustani:
  Hindi: अज़ाब (azāb)
  Urdu: عَذَاب ('azāb)
  - → Phalura: azaáb
  - → Ushojo: عذاب
- → Kazakh: азап (azap)
- → Kyrgyz: азап (azap)
- → Tatar: газап (ğazap)
- → Turkmen: azap
- → Uyghur: ئازاپ (azap)
- → Uzbek: azob
→ Malay: azab
- Indonesian: azab
→ Ottoman Turkish: عذاب (azâb)
- Turkish: azap
→ Swahili: adhabu
→ Thai: อักเสบ (àk-sèep)

Persian

Etymology

Etymology tree

Arabic عَذَاب (ʕaḏāb)bor.

Persian

Borrowed from Arabic عَذَاب (ʕaḏāb).

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [ʔa.zɑːβ]

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔä.zɑːb]
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ʔä.zɑːb]
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ʔä.zɔːb̥]

(Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔæ.zɒːb̥]

(Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔä.zɔb]

Readings
Classical reading^?	azāḇ
Dari reading^?	azāb
Iranian reading^?	azâb
Tajik reading^?	azob

Noun

عذاب • (azâb)

Descendants

→ Bengali: আজাব (ajab), আযাব (ajab)
→ Bashkir: ғазап (ğazap)
→ Hindustani:
Hindi: अज़ाब (azāb)
Urdu: عَذَاب ('azāb)
- → Phalura: azaáb
- → Ushojo: عذاب
→ Kazakh: азап (azap)
→ Kyrgyz: азап (azap)
→ Tatar: газап (ğazap)
→ Turkmen: azap
→ Uyghur: ئازاپ (azap)
→ Uzbek: azob

Urdu

Etymology

Etymology tree

Arabic عَذَاب (ʕaḏāb)bor.

Classical Persian (azāb)bor.

Urdu عذاب

Borrowed from Classical Persian (azāb), borrowed from Arabic عَذَاب (ʕaḏāb).

Pronunciation

(Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /(ʔ)ə.zɑːb/

Noun

عذاب • ('azāb) m (Hindi spelling अज़ाब)

Descendants

→ Phalura: azaáb
→ Ushojo: عذاب

Ushojo

Etymology

Etymology tree

Arabic عَذَاب (ʕaḏāb)bor.

Classical Persian (azāb)bor.

Urdu عَذَاب ('azāb)bor.

Ushojo عذاب

Borrowed from Urdu عَذَاب ('azāb).

Noun

عذاب ('azāb)