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شمردن

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Persian

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Etymology

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From Proto-Iranian *hmarati- (to remember, recall, count) (possibly with a prefix of unknown origin), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *smárati (to remember, recollect). Indo-Iranian cognates include Central Kurdish ژماردن (jmardin, to count), Pashto شمېرل (śmerël, to count), and Sanskrit स्मरति (smárati, recollect). Akin to Ancient Greek μέρμερος (mérmeros, mischievous, baneful) and Latin memor (mindful).

Pronunciation

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Readings
Classical reading? šumurdan
Dari reading? šumurdan
Iranian reading? šomordan, šemordan
Tajik reading? šumurdan

Verb

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Dari شمردن
Iranian Persian
Tajik шумурдан

شمردن (šomordan) (present stem شمار (šomâr))

  1. to count
    • 1985, Mashallah Rahman Pour-Davud et al., “Genesis 15:6”, in the Persian translation of the Tanakh:
      او را بیرون آورد و گفت به آسمان نظر افکن و ستارگان را بشمار. می‌توانی آنها را بشماری؟ به او گفت نسل تو چنین خواهد شد.
      u-râ birun âvord va goft: 'be âsmân nazar afkan va setâregân-râ bo-šomâr. mi-tavâni ânhâ-râ bo-šomâri?' be u goft: 'nasl-e to čandin xâhad šod.'
      [God] took him [Abraham] outside and said: "Cast your glance at the sky and count the stars. Are you able to count them?" He said to him: "So shall your generations be."
  2. to add up, to compute, to calculate
  3. to enumerate
  4. to reckon, to count, to consider
    • c. 1100, Omar Khayyam, Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam:
      ای دوست بیا تا غم فردا نخوریم، وین یکدمه نقد را غنیمت شمریم.
      ey dust, biy-â tâ ğam-e fardâ na-xorim, v-in yekdame naqd-râ ğanimat šomorim.
      O friend, come, let us not consume tomorrow's grief / And let us count as gain this one moment's cash.
      (Translation by A. J. Arberry.)

Usage notes

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The second syllable of the present stem varies between شمار (šomâr) and شمر (šomar, šomor). The former is more common.

Conjugation

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References

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  • Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 138