شرم
Arabic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From root ش ر م (š r m) related to tearing, cleaving and wounding.
Verb
[edit]شَرَمَ • (šarama) I (non-past يَشْرِمُ (yašrimu), verbal noun شَرْم (šarm))
Conjugation
[edit]verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
شَرْم šarm | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
شَارِم šārim | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
مَشْرُوم mašrūm | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | شَرَمْتُ šaramtu |
شَرَمْتَ šaramta |
شَرَمَ šarama |
شَرَمْتُمَا šaramtumā |
شَرَمَا šaramā |
شَرَمْنَا šaramnā |
شَرَمْتُمْ šaramtum |
شَرَمُوا šaramū | |||
f | شَرَمْتِ šaramti |
شَرَمَتْ šaramat |
شَرَمَتَا šaramatā |
شَرَمْتُنَّ šaramtunna |
شَرَمْنَ šaramna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أَشْرِمُ ʔašrimu |
تَشْرِمُ tašrimu |
يَشْرِمُ yašrimu |
تَشْرِمَانِ tašrimāni |
يَشْرِمَانِ yašrimāni |
نَشْرِمُ našrimu |
تَشْرِمُونَ tašrimūna |
يَشْرِمُونَ yašrimūna | |||
f | تَشْرِمِينَ tašrimīna |
تَشْرِمُ tašrimu |
تَشْرِمَانِ tašrimāni |
تَشْرِمْنَ tašrimna |
يَشْرِمْنَ yašrimna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أَشْرِمَ ʔašrima |
تَشْرِمَ tašrima |
يَشْرِمَ yašrima |
تَشْرِمَا tašrimā |
يَشْرِمَا yašrimā |
نَشْرِمَ našrima |
تَشْرِمُوا tašrimū |
يَشْرِمُوا yašrimū | |||
f | تَشْرِمِي tašrimī |
تَشْرِمَ tašrima |
تَشْرِمَا tašrimā |
تَشْرِمْنَ tašrimna |
يَشْرِمْنَ yašrimna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أَشْرِمْ ʔašrim |
تَشْرِمْ tašrim |
يَشْرِمْ yašrim |
تَشْرِمَا tašrimā |
يَشْرِمَا yašrimā |
نَشْرِمْ našrim |
تَشْرِمُوا tašrimū |
يَشْرِمُوا yašrimū | |||
f | تَشْرِمِي tašrimī |
تَشْرِمْ tašrim |
تَشْرِمَا tašrimā |
تَشْرِمْنَ tašrimna |
يَشْرِمْنَ yašrimna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | اِشْرِمْ išrim |
اِشْرِمَا išrimā |
اِشْرِمُوا išrimū |
||||||||
f | اِشْرِمِي išrimī |
اِشْرِمْنَ išrimna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | شُرِمْتُ šurimtu |
شُرِمْتَ šurimta |
شُرِمَ šurima |
شُرِمْتُمَا šurimtumā |
شُرِمَا šurimā |
شُرِمْنَا šurimnā |
شُرِمْتُمْ šurimtum |
شُرِمُوا šurimū | |||
f | شُرِمْتِ šurimti |
شُرِمَتْ šurimat |
شُرِمَتَا šurimatā |
شُرِمْتُنَّ šurimtunna |
شُرِمْنَ šurimna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أُشْرَمُ ʔušramu |
تُشْرَمُ tušramu |
يُشْرَمُ yušramu |
تُشْرَمَانِ tušramāni |
يُشْرَمَانِ yušramāni |
نُشْرَمُ nušramu |
تُشْرَمُونَ tušramūna |
يُشْرَمُونَ yušramūna | |||
f | تُشْرَمِينَ tušramīna |
تُشْرَمُ tušramu |
تُشْرَمَانِ tušramāni |
تُشْرَمْنَ tušramna |
يُشْرَمْنَ yušramna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أُشْرَمَ ʔušrama |
تُشْرَمَ tušrama |
يُشْرَمَ yušrama |
تُشْرَمَا tušramā |
يُشْرَمَا yušramā |
نُشْرَمَ nušrama |
تُشْرَمُوا tušramū |
يُشْرَمُوا yušramū | |||
f | تُشْرَمِي tušramī |
تُشْرَمَ tušrama |
تُشْرَمَا tušramā |
تُشْرَمْنَ tušramna |
يُشْرَمْنَ yušramna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أُشْرَمْ ʔušram |
تُشْرَمْ tušram |
يُشْرَمْ yušram |
تُشْرَمَا tušramā |
يُشْرَمَا yušramā |
نُشْرَمْ nušram |
تُشْرَمُوا tušramū |
يُشْرَمُوا yušramū | |||
f | تُشْرَمِي tušramī |
تُشْرَمْ tušram |
تُشْرَمَا tušramā |
تُشْرَمْنَ tušramna |
يُشْرَمْنَ yušramna |
Verb
[edit]شَرَّمَ • (šarrama) II (non-past يُشَرِّمُ (yušarrimu), verbal noun تَشْرِيم (tašrīm))
- (with ه (h)) to tear apart
Conjugation
[edit]verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
تَشْرِيم tašrīm | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
مُشَرِّم mušarrim | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
مُشَرَّم mušarram | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | شَرَّمْتُ šarramtu |
شَرَّمْتَ šarramta |
شَرَّمَ šarrama |
شَرَّمْتُمَا šarramtumā |
شَرَّمَا šarramā |
شَرَّمْنَا šarramnā |
شَرَّمْتُمْ šarramtum |
شَرَّمُوا šarramū | |||
f | شَرَّمْتِ šarramti |
شَرَّمَتْ šarramat |
شَرَّمَتَا šarramatā |
شَرَّمْتُنَّ šarramtunna |
شَرَّمْنَ šarramna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أُشَرِّمُ ʔušarrimu |
تُشَرِّمُ tušarrimu |
يُشَرِّمُ yušarrimu |
تُشَرِّمَانِ tušarrimāni |
يُشَرِّمَانِ yušarrimāni |
نُشَرِّمُ nušarrimu |
تُشَرِّمُونَ tušarrimūna |
يُشَرِّمُونَ yušarrimūna | |||
f | تُشَرِّمِينَ tušarrimīna |
تُشَرِّمُ tušarrimu |
تُشَرِّمَانِ tušarrimāni |
تُشَرِّمْنَ tušarrimna |
يُشَرِّمْنَ yušarrimna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أُشَرِّمَ ʔušarrima |
تُشَرِّمَ tušarrima |
يُشَرِّمَ yušarrima |
تُشَرِّمَا tušarrimā |
يُشَرِّمَا yušarrimā |
نُشَرِّمَ nušarrima |
تُشَرِّمُوا tušarrimū |
يُشَرِّمُوا yušarrimū | |||
f | تُشَرِّمِي tušarrimī |
تُشَرِّمَ tušarrima |
تُشَرِّمَا tušarrimā |
تُشَرِّمْنَ tušarrimna |
يُشَرِّمْنَ yušarrimna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أُشَرِّمْ ʔušarrim |
تُشَرِّمْ tušarrim |
يُشَرِّمْ yušarrim |
تُشَرِّمَا tušarrimā |
يُشَرِّمَا yušarrimā |
نُشَرِّمْ nušarrim |
تُشَرِّمُوا tušarrimū |
يُشَرِّمُوا yušarrimū | |||
f | تُشَرِّمِي tušarrimī |
تُشَرِّمْ tušarrim |
تُشَرِّمَا tušarrimā |
تُشَرِّمْنَ tušarrimna |
يُشَرِّمْنَ yušarrimna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | شَرِّمْ šarrim |
شَرِّمَا šarrimā |
شَرِّمُوا šarrimū |
||||||||
f | شَرِّمِي šarrimī |
شَرِّمْنَ šarrimna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | شُرِّمْتُ šurrimtu |
شُرِّمْتَ šurrimta |
شُرِّمَ šurrima |
شُرِّمْتُمَا šurrimtumā |
شُرِّمَا šurrimā |
شُرِّمْنَا šurrimnā |
شُرِّمْتُمْ šurrimtum |
شُرِّمُوا šurrimū | |||
f | شُرِّمْتِ šurrimti |
شُرِّمَتْ šurrimat |
شُرِّمَتَا šurrimatā |
شُرِّمْتُنَّ šurrimtunna |
شُرِّمْنَ šurrimna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | أُشَرَّمُ ʔušarramu |
تُشَرَّمُ tušarramu |
يُشَرَّمُ yušarramu |
تُشَرَّمَانِ tušarramāni |
يُشَرَّمَانِ yušarramāni |
نُشَرَّمُ nušarramu |
تُشَرَّمُونَ tušarramūna |
يُشَرَّمُونَ yušarramūna | |||
f | تُشَرَّمِينَ tušarramīna |
تُشَرَّمُ tušarramu |
تُشَرَّمَانِ tušarramāni |
تُشَرَّمْنَ tušarramna |
يُشَرَّمْنَ yušarramna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | أُشَرَّمَ ʔušarrama |
تُشَرَّمَ tušarrama |
يُشَرَّمَ yušarrama |
تُشَرَّمَا tušarramā |
يُشَرَّمَا yušarramā |
نُشَرَّمَ nušarrama |
تُشَرَّمُوا tušarramū |
يُشَرَّمُوا yušarramū | |||
f | تُشَرَّمِي tušarramī |
تُشَرَّمَ tušarrama |
تُشَرَّمَا tušarramā |
تُشَرَّمْنَ tušarramna |
يُشَرَّمْنَ yušarramna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | أُشَرَّمْ ʔušarram |
تُشَرَّمْ tušarram |
يُشَرَّمْ yušarram |
تُشَرَّمَا tušarramā |
يُشَرَّمَا yušarramā |
نُشَرَّمْ nušarram |
تُشَرَّمُوا tušarramū |
يُشَرَّمُوا yušarramū | |||
f | تُشَرَّمِي tušarramī |
تُشَرَّمْ tušarram |
تُشَرَّمَا tušarramā |
تُشَرَّمْنَ tušarramna |
يُشَرَّمْنَ yušarramna |
Noun
[edit]شَرْم • (šarm) m (plural شُرُوم (šurūm))
- a cleave, a split
- an abyss, ocean trench
- bay, gulf
- Synonyms: خَلِيج (ḵalīj), جون (jōn)
- شَرْمُ ٱلشَّيْخِ ― šarmu š-šayḵi ― 'The Bay of the Sheikh', known in Egyptian as Sharm El Sheikh
- fissure in a mountain that does not pass through
Declension
[edit]Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | شَرْم šarm |
الشَّرْم aš-šarm |
شَرْم šarm |
Nominative | شَرْمٌ šarmun |
الشَّرْمُ aš-šarmu |
شَرْمُ šarmu |
Accusative | شَرْمًا šarman |
الشَّرْمَ aš-šarma |
شَرْمَ šarma |
Genitive | شَرْمٍ šarmin |
الشَّرْمِ aš-šarmi |
شَرْمِ šarmi |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | شَرْمَيْن šarmayn |
الشَّرْمَيْن aš-šarmayn |
شَرْمَيْ šarmay |
Nominative | شَرْمَانِ šarmāni |
الشَّرْمَانِ aš-šarmāni |
شَرْمَا šarmā |
Accusative | شَرْمَيْنِ šarmayni |
الشَّرْمَيْنِ aš-šarmayni |
شَرْمَيْ šarmay |
Genitive | شَرْمَيْنِ šarmayni |
الشَّرْمَيْنِ aš-šarmayni |
شَرْمَيْ šarmay |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | شُرُوم šurūm |
الشُّرُوم aš-šurūm |
شُرُوم šurūm |
Nominative | شُرُومٌ šurūmun |
الشُّرُومُ aš-šurūmu |
شُرُومُ šurūmu |
Accusative | شُرُومًا šurūman |
الشُّرُومَ aš-šurūma |
شُرُومَ šurūma |
Genitive | شُرُومٍ šurūmin |
الشُّرُومِ aš-šurūmi |
شُرُومِ šurūmi |
References
[edit]Pashto
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]شرم • (šaram) m
Persian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle Persian 𐭱𐭥𐭬 (šarm), from Proto-Iranian *fšarma- (“shame”), from *fšar- (“to shame, be ashamed”),[1] from Proto-Indo-European *pḱormo- (“shame, suffering, pain”), from *pḱer- (“to suffer, feel grief and shame”).[2] Cognate with Khotanese [script needed] (kṣär-, “be ashamed”), Avestan 𐬟𐬱𐬀𐬭𐬆𐬨𐬀 (fšarəma, “shame”), Proto-Slavic *sȏrmъ (“shame”), and English harm.[3][4]
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [ʃaɾm]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [ʃæɹm]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [ʃäɾm]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | šarm |
Dari reading? | šarm |
Iranian reading? | šarm |
Tajik reading? | šarm |
Noun
[edit]Dari | شرم |
---|---|
Iranian Persian | |
Tajik | шарм |
شرم • (šarm)
Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- → Middle Bengali: শরম (śorom)
- Bengali: শরম (śorom)
- → Gujarati: શરમ (śaram)
- → Hindustani:
- → Maithili: saram
- → Marathi: शरम (śaram)
- → Marwari: शरम (śaram), सरम (saram)
- → Odia: ଶରମ (śarama)
- → Nepali: शरम (śaram), सरम (saram)
- → Old Punjabi: ਸਰਮ (sarama)
- → Sindhi: śarmu
- → Ushojo: شرم (šarm)
References
[edit]- ^ Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 92
- ^ Guus Kroonen (2013) Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 212
- ^ Nourai, Ali (2011) An Etymological Dictionary of Persian, English and other Indo-European Languages, page 243
- ^ Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2007) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 3, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 81
Urdu
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Classical Persian شرم (šarm).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /ʃəɾm/
Noun
[edit]شَرْم • (śarm) f (Hindi spelling शर्म)
Derived terms
[edit]- شرم گاہ (śarm-gāh, “genitalia”)
References
[edit]- “شرم”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
- Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “شرم”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
- Platts, John T. (1884) “شرم”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
- “شرم”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2025.
Ushojo
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Noun
[edit]شرم (šarm)
- Arabic terms belonging to the root ش ر م
- Arabic lemmas
- Arabic verbs
- Arabic form-I verbs
- Arabic sound form-I verbs
- Arabic form-I verbs with past vowel a and non-past vowel i
- Arabic verbs with full passive
- Arabic form-II verbs
- Arabic sound form-II verbs
- Arabic nouns
- Arabic masculine nouns
- Arabic terms with usage examples
- Arabic nouns with basic triptote singular
- Arabic nouns with broken plural
- Arabic nouns with basic triptote broken plural
- Pashto terms with IPA pronunciation
- Pashto lemmas
- Pashto nouns
- Pashto masculine nouns
- Persian terms inherited from Middle Persian
- Persian terms derived from Middle Persian
- Persian terms inherited from Proto-Iranian
- Persian terms derived from Proto-Iranian
- Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Persian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Persian lemmas
- Persian nouns
- Urdu terms borrowed from Classical Persian
- Urdu terms derived from Classical Persian
- Urdu terms with IPA pronunciation
- Urdu lemmas
- Urdu nouns
- Urdu feminine nouns
- Ushojo terms borrowed from Urdu
- Ushojo terms derived from Urdu
- Ushojo lemmas
- Ushojo nouns