شبوط

Arabic

FWOTD – 4 October 2018

شَبَابِيط

Etymology

Borrowing from Aramaic שִׁבּוּטָא (šebbūṭā), ܫܰܒܽܘܛܳܐ (šabbūṭā), from שְׁבַט (šḇaṭ), ܫܰܒܶܛ (šabeṭ, “to beat out; to straighten”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʃab.buːtˤ/

Noun

شَبُّوط • (šabbūṭ) m (collective, singulative شَبُّوطَة f (šabbūṭa), plural شَبَابِيط (šabābīṭ))

1. carp (any fish of the genus Cyprinus)
   • 800s, Ibn al-Rūmī, الشبوط:

     فلا يبعد الشبوط من متلبس
     ظهارته الحسنى ومن متجرد
     إذا نش في سفوده عند نضجه
     وأخرج من سرباله المتورد
     فتي رعى مرعى بدجلة مخصبا
     أبى أن يراه رائد غير محمد
     إلى أن أصابته من الدهر نوبة
     وقد صار أقصى منية المتجود
     فأصدره الصياد عن خير مورد
     وأورده الشواء أخبث مورد
     وجاء به الحمال أطيب مطعم
     إلى الطيب المنفاق غير المصرد
     ويا حبذا امعاننا فيه ناضجا
     كما جاء من تنوره المتوقد
     وإني لمشتاق إلى عود مثله
     وإن كنت أبدي صفحة المتجلد.

     
     The carp doffs not, when he is clothed,
     his fair weed, and when he is stripped,
     when he sizzles on a spit in ripeness,
     and is spoiled of his ruddy raiment,
     young grazing the fertile pasture of the Tigris,
     objects that the ignoble scout sees him,
     and that he is struck by mishap’s time,
     and a peak of ravenous yearn has come,
     and the fisher takes him out from the good place,
     and the grill brings him to the worst place,
     and the porter of the best eatery comes
     to the jovial and unstingy spendthrift.
     How lovely it were, would we grow mature,
     as he has come from his fiery flash?
     Forsooth, I am eager to come back like him,
     and I have shewn the page of the book.

2. Atlantic stargazer, Uranoscopus scaber

Declension

Declension of noun شَبُّوط (šabbūṭ)

Collective	basic collective triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	شَبُّوط šabbūṭ	الشَّبُّوط aš-šabbūṭ	شَبُّوط šabbūṭ
Nominative	شَبُّوطٌ šabbūṭun	الشَّبُّوطُ aš-šabbūṭu	شَبُّوطُ šabbūṭu
Accusative	شَبُّوطًا šabbūṭan	الشَّبُّوطَ aš-šabbūṭa	شَبُّوطَ šabbūṭa
Genitive	شَبُّوطٍ šabbūṭin	الشَّبُّوطِ aš-šabbūṭi	شَبُّوطِ šabbūṭi
Singulative	singulative triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	شَبُّوطَة šabbūṭa	الشَّبُّوطَة aš-šabbūṭa	شَبُّوطَة šabbūṭat
Nominative	شَبُّوطَةٌ šabbūṭatun	الشَّبُّوطَةُ aš-šabbūṭatu	شَبُّوطَةُ šabbūṭatu
Accusative	شَبُّوطَةً šabbūṭatan	الشَّبُّوطَةَ aš-šabbūṭata	شَبُّوطَةَ šabbūṭata
Genitive	شَبُّوطَةٍ šabbūṭatin	الشَّبُّوطَةِ aš-šabbūṭati	شَبُّوطَةِ šabbūṭati
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	شَبُّوطَتَيْن šabbūṭatayn	الشَّبُّوطَتَيْن aš-šabbūṭatayn	شَبُّوطَتَيْ šabbūṭatay
Nominative	شَبُّوطَتَانِ šabbūṭatāni	الشَّبُّوطَتَانِ aš-šabbūṭatāni	شَبُّوطَتَا šabbūṭatā
Accusative	شَبُّوطَتَيْنِ šabbūṭatayni	الشَّبُّوطَتَيْنِ aš-šabbūṭatayni	شَبُّوطَتَيْ šabbūṭatay
Genitive	شَبُّوطَتَيْنِ šabbūṭatayni	الشَّبُّوطَتَيْنِ aš-šabbūṭatayni	شَبُّوطَتَيْ šabbūṭatay
Paucal (3-10)	sound feminine paucal
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	شَبُّوطَات šabbūṭāt	الشَّبُّوطَات aš-šabbūṭāt	شَبُّوطَات šabbūṭāt
Nominative	شَبُّوطَاتٌ šabbūṭātun	الشَّبُّوطَاتُ aš-šabbūṭātu	شَبُّوطَاتُ šabbūṭātu
Accusative	شَبُّوطَاتٍ šabbūṭātin	الشَّبُّوطَاتِ aš-šabbūṭāti	شَبُّوطَاتِ šabbūṭāti
Genitive	شَبُّوطَاتٍ šabbūṭātin	الشَّبُّوطَاتِ aš-šabbūṭāti	شَبُّوطَاتِ šabbūṭāti
Plural of variety	basic broken plural diptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	شَبَابِيط šabābīṭ	الشَّبَابِيط aš-šabābīṭ	شَبَابِيط šabābīṭ
Nominative	شَبَابِيطُ šabābīṭu	الشَّبَابِيطُ aš-šabābīṭu	شَبَابِيطُ šabābīṭu
Accusative	شَبَابِيطَ šabābīṭa	الشَّبَابِيطَ aš-šabābīṭa	شَبَابِيطَ šabābīṭa
Genitive	شَبَابِيطَ šabābīṭa	الشَّبَابِيطِ aš-šabābīṭi	شَبَابِيطِ šabābīṭi

Descendants

• → Middle Armenian: շապպութ (šapputʻ), շապութ (šaputʻ)
  • Armenian: շապպոթ (šappotʻ), շրպոթ (šrpotʻ), շրպութ (šrputʻ), շապպօթ (šappōtʻ) — traditional orthography
• → Classical Persian: شبوط (šabūṭ, šabbūṭ, šubbūṭ)
  • → Azerbaijani: şirbit, şirbet, şırbıt, şırvıt (dialectal)
• → Turkish: şıbıt
• → Catalan: xaputa, saputa
• → Portuguese: xaputa, chaputa
• → Spanish: japuta

References

• Abu Rejxan Beruni (1957–1987) Izbrannyje proizvedenija [Selected Works] (in Russian), Tashkent: Uzbek SSR Academy Press, § 597, pages 569–570
• Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1984) “japuta”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critic Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), volume III (G–Ma), Madrid: Gredos, →ISBN, page 490b
• Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 122
• Fleischer, Heinrich Leberecht (1888) Kleinere Schriften‎^[1] (in German), volume 2, Leipzig: S. Hirzel, page 569
• Vardanjan, Stella (1990) Амирдовлат Амасиаци, Ненужное для неучей (in Russian), Moscow: Nauka, pages 643, 717
• “šbwṭ”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• “šbṭ”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–