رفیق

See also: رفيق, رقيق, and رفيف

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic رَفِيق (rafīq, “comrade, companion, fellow”).

Noun

رفیق • (refik) (plural رفقا (rufaka))

1. fellow traveller, one who travels together with another

   Synonyms: آیاقداش (ayakdaş), همراه (hemrah), یولداش (yoldaş)

2. (by extension) companion, fellow, mate, comrade

   Synonyms: آیاقداش (ayakdaş), قولداش (koldaş), همراه (hemrah), یولداش (yoldaş)

Derived terms

• رفیقلق (refiklik, “companionship”)

Descendants

• Turkish: refik

Further reading

• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “refik”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 3948
• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “رفیق”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[1], Constantinople: Mihran, page 625
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Socius”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[2], Vienna, column 1565
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “رفیق”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[3], Vienna, column 2345
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “رفیق”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[4], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 982

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic رَفِيق (rafīq).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [ɾa.ˈfiːq]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [rä.fíːq]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [rä.fíːq]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [rä.fíːq]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [rä.fíq]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ɹæ.fíːɢ̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ɾä.fíq]

Readings
Classical reading?	rafīq
Dari reading?	rafīq
Iranian reading?	rafiğ
Tajik reading?	rafiq

Noun

Dari	رفیق
Iranian Persian
Tajik	рафиқ

رفیق • (rafiq) (plural رفیقان (rafiqân) or رفیق‌ها (rafiq-hâ) or رفقاء (rofaqâ'))

1. friend, mate, pal, companion
2. rafiq (a rank in the order of the assassins, below da'i)
3. comrade (fellow socialist, communist or other very politically leftist person)
   • فروردین ۱۳۵۳. چریکهای فدائی خلق. آموزشهایی برای جنگ چریکی در شهر. ص ۱۲.

     در واقعه نیروی هوائی سه رفیق ارزنده بخاطر همین عدم تحرک شهید گشتند.

     dar vâqe'e-ye niru-ye havâ'i se rafiq-e arzande bexâter-e hamin 'adam-e taharrok šahid gaštand.

     In the Air Force incident three valuable comrades were martyred because of this lack of mobility.

Inflection

Basic forms of رفیق (rafiq)
	singular	plural
bare	رفیق (rafiq)	رفیقان (rafiqấn) رفیقا △ (rafiqấ)
definitive direct object	رفیق را (rafiq râ) رفیق رو △ (rafiqo)	رفیقان را (rafiqấn râ) رفیقا رو △ (rafiqấ ro)
ezâfe	رفیق (rafiq-e)	رفیقان (rafiqấn-e) رفیقای △ (rafiqấ-ye)
marked indefinite or relative definite	رفیقی (rafiq-i)	رفیقانی (rafiqấn-i) رفیقایی △ (rafiqấi)
△ Colloquial.

Possessive forms of رفیق (rafiq)
	singular	plural
1st person singular (“my”)	رفیقم (rafíqam)	رفیقانم (rafiqấnam) رفیقام △ (rafiqấm)
2nd person singular (“your”)	رفیقت (rafíqat) [Term?] △ (rafíqet)	رفیقانت (rafiqấnat) رفیقات △ (rafiqất)
3rd person singular (“his, her, its”)	رفیقش (rafíqaš) [Term?] △ (rafíqeš)	رفیقانش (rafiqấnaš) رفیقاش △ (rafiqấš)
1st plural (“our”)	رفیقمان (rafíqemân) رفیقمون △ (rafíqemun)	رفیقانمان (rafiqấnemân) رفیقامون △ (rafiqấmun)
2nd plural (“your”)	رفیقتان (rafíqetân) رفیقتون △ (rafíqetun)	رفیقانتان (rafiqấnetân) رفیقاتون △ (rafiqấtun)
3rd plural (“their”)	رفیقشان (rafíqešân) رفیقشون △ (rafíqešun)	رفیقانشان (rafiqấnešân) رفیقاشون △ (rafiqấšun)
△ Colloquial.

Descendants

• Tajik: рафиқ (rafiq)
• → Gujarati: રફીક (raphīk)
• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: रफ़ीक़ (rafīq)

  Urdu: رَفِیق (rafīq)

• → Punjabi:

  Gurmukhi script: ਰਫ਼ੀਕ਼ (rafīq)

  Shahmukhi script: رَفِیق (rafīq)

• → Pashto: رفيق (rafíq)