رتم

Arabic

Etymology

Unknown. The plant-name is borrowed from or well possibly cognate to semantically congruent Aramaic רִיתְמָא / רִתְמָא (riṯmā), רֹותְמָא / רֹתְמָא (rōṯmā), Hebrew רֹותֶם / רֹתֶם (rōṯem), the rest is likely denominal.

Verb

رَتَمَ • (ratama) I (non-past يَرْتِمُ (yartimu), verbal noun رَتْم (ratm))

1. to crush, to grind, to triturate, to consume, to eat away

Conjugation

    Conjugation of رَتَمَ (I, sound, a ~ i, full passive (?), verbal noun رَتْم)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						رَتْم ratm
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						رَاتِم rātim
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مَرْتُوم martūm
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	رَتَمْتُ ratamtu	رَتَمْتَ ratamta	رَتَمَ ratama		رَتَمْتُمَا ratamtumā	رَتَمَا ratamā		رَتَمْنَا ratamnā	رَتَمْتُمْ ratamtum	رَتَمُوا ratamū
	f		رَتَمْتِ ratamti	رَتَمَتْ ratamat			رَتَمَتَا ratamatā			رَتَمْتُنَّ ratamtunna	رَتَمْنَ ratamna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَرْتِمُ ʔartimu	تَرْتِمُ tartimu	يَرْتِمُ yartimu		تَرْتِمَانِ tartimāni	يَرْتِمَانِ yartimāni		نَرْتِمُ nartimu	تَرْتِمُونَ tartimūna	يَرْتِمُونَ yartimūna
	f		تَرْتِمِينَ tartimīna	تَرْتِمُ tartimu			تَرْتِمَانِ tartimāni			تَرْتِمْنَ tartimna	يَرْتِمْنَ yartimna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَرْتِمَ ʔartima	تَرْتِمَ tartima	يَرْتِمَ yartima		تَرْتِمَا tartimā	يَرْتِمَا yartimā		نَرْتِمَ nartima	تَرْتِمُوا tartimū	يَرْتِمُوا yartimū
	f		تَرْتِمِي tartimī	تَرْتِمَ tartima			تَرْتِمَا tartimā			تَرْتِمْنَ tartimna	يَرْتِمْنَ yartimna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَرْتِمْ ʔartim	تَرْتِمْ tartim	يَرْتِمْ yartim		تَرْتِمَا tartimā	يَرْتِمَا yartimā		نَرْتِمْ nartim	تَرْتِمُوا tartimū	يَرْتِمُوا yartimū
	f		تَرْتِمِي tartimī	تَرْتِمْ tartim			تَرْتِمَا tartimā			تَرْتِمْنَ tartimna	يَرْتِمْنَ yartimna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اِرْتِمْ irtim			اِرْتِمَا irtimā				اِرْتِمُوا irtimū
	f		اِرْتِمِي irtimī							اِرْتِمْنَ irtimna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	رُتِمْتُ rutimtu	رُتِمْتَ rutimta	رُتِمَ rutima		رُتِمْتُمَا rutimtumā	رُتِمَا rutimā		رُتِمْنَا rutimnā	رُتِمْتُمْ rutimtum	رُتِمُوا rutimū
	f		رُتِمْتِ rutimti	رُتِمَتْ rutimat			رُتِمَتَا rutimatā			رُتِمْتُنَّ rutimtunna	رُتِمْنَ rutimna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُرْتَمُ ʔurtamu	تُرْتَمُ turtamu	يُرْتَمُ yurtamu		تُرْتَمَانِ turtamāni	يُرْتَمَانِ yurtamāni		نُرْتَمُ nurtamu	تُرْتَمُونَ turtamūna	يُرْتَمُونَ yurtamūna
	f		تُرْتَمِينَ turtamīna	تُرْتَمُ turtamu			تُرْتَمَانِ turtamāni			تُرْتَمْنَ turtamna	يُرْتَمْنَ yurtamna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُرْتَمَ ʔurtama	تُرْتَمَ turtama	يُرْتَمَ yurtama		تُرْتَمَا turtamā	يُرْتَمَا yurtamā		نُرْتَمَ nurtama	تُرْتَمُوا turtamū	يُرْتَمُوا yurtamū
	f		تُرْتَمِي turtamī	تُرْتَمَ turtama			تُرْتَمَا turtamā			تُرْتَمْنَ turtamna	يُرْتَمْنَ yurtamna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُرْتَمْ ʔurtam	تُرْتَمْ turtam	يُرْتَمْ yurtam		تُرْتَمَا turtamā	يُرْتَمَا yurtamā		نُرْتَمْ nurtam	تُرْتَمُوا turtamū	يُرْتَمُوا yurtamū
	f		تُرْتَمِي turtamī	تُرْتَمْ turtam			تُرْتَمَا turtamā			تُرْتَمْنَ turtamna	يُرْتَمْنَ yurtamna

Noun

رَتْم • (ratm) m

1. verbal noun of رَتَمَ (ratama) (form I)

Declension

Declension of noun رَتْم (ratm)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	رَتْم ratm	الرَّتْم ar-ratm	رَتْم ratm
Nominative	رَتْمٌ ratmun	الرَّتْمُ ar-ratmu	رَتْمُ ratmu
Accusative	رَتْمًا ratman	الرَّتْمَ ar-ratma	رَتْمَ ratma
Genitive	رَتْمٍ ratmin	الرَّتْمِ ar-ratmi	رَتْمِ ratmi

Adjective

رَتْم • (ratm)

1. crushed, bruised

Declension

Declension of adjective رَتْم (ratm)

Singular	Masculine		Feminine
	basic singular triptote		singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	رَتْم ratm	الرَّتْم ar-ratm	رَتْمَة ratma	الرَّتْمَة ar-ratma
Nominative	رَتْمٌ ratmun	الرَّتْمُ ar-ratmu	رَتْمَةٌ ratmatun	الرَّتْمَةُ ar-ratmatu
Accusative	رَتْمًا ratman	الرَّتْمَ ar-ratma	رَتْمَةً ratmatan	الرَّتْمَةَ ar-ratmata
Genitive	رَتْمٍ ratmin	الرَّتْمِ ar-ratmi	رَتْمَةٍ ratmatin	الرَّتْمَةِ ar-ratmati
Dual	Masculine		Feminine
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	رَتْمَيْن ratmayn	الرَّتْمَيْن ar-ratmayn	رَتْمَتَيْن ratmatayn	الرَّتْمَتَيْن ar-ratmatayn
Nominative	رَتْمَانِ ratmāni	الرَّتْمَانِ ar-ratmāni	رَتْمَتَانِ ratmatāni	الرَّتْمَتَانِ ar-ratmatāni
Accusative	رَتْمَيْنِ ratmayni	الرَّتْمَيْنِ ar-ratmayni	رَتْمَتَيْنِ ratmatayni	الرَّتْمَتَيْنِ ar-ratmatayni
Genitive	رَتْمَيْنِ ratmayni	الرَّتْمَيْنِ ar-ratmayni	رَتْمَتَيْنِ ratmatayni	الرَّتْمَتَيْنِ ar-ratmatayni
Plural	Masculine		Feminine
	plural unknown		sound feminine plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Informal	? ?	? ?	رَتْمَات ratmāt	الرَّتْمَات ar-ratmāt
Nominative	? ?	? ?	رَتْمَاتٌ ratmātun	الرَّتْمَاتُ ar-ratmātu
Accusative	? ?	? ?	رَتْمَاتٍ ratmātin	الرَّتْمَاتِ ar-ratmāti
Genitive	? ?	? ?	رَتْمَاتٍ ratmātin	الرَّتْمَاتِ ar-ratmāti

رَتَم

Noun

رَتَم • (ratam) m (collective, singulative رَتَمَة f (ratama))

1. retama (Retama gen. et spp., and similar related species in Genista and Cytisus)

Declension

Declension of noun رَتَم (ratam)

Collective	basic collective triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	رَتَم ratam	الرَّتَم ar-ratam	رَتَم ratam
Nominative	رَتَمٌ ratamun	الرَّتَمُ ar-ratamu	رَتَمُ ratamu
Accusative	رَتَمًا rataman	الرَّتَمَ ar-ratama	رَتَمَ ratama
Genitive	رَتَمٍ ratamin	الرَّتَمِ ar-ratami	رَتَمِ ratami
Singulative	singulative triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	رَتَمَة ratama	الرَّتَمَة ar-ratama	رَتَمَة ratamat
Nominative	رَتَمَةٌ ratamatun	الرَّتَمَةُ ar-ratamatu	رَتَمَةُ ratamatu
Accusative	رَتَمَةً ratamatan	الرَّتَمَةَ ar-ratamata	رَتَمَةَ ratamata
Genitive	رَتَمَةٍ ratamatin	الرَّتَمَةِ ar-ratamati	رَتَمَةِ ratamati
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	رَتَمَتَيْن ratamatayn	الرَّتَمَتَيْن ar-ratamatayn	رَتَمَتَيْ ratamatay
Nominative	رَتَمَتَانِ ratamatāni	الرَّتَمَتَانِ ar-ratamatāni	رَتَمَتَا ratamatā
Accusative	رَتَمَتَيْنِ ratamatayni	الرَّتَمَتَيْنِ ar-ratamatayni	رَتَمَتَيْ ratamatay
Genitive	رَتَمَتَيْنِ ratamatayni	الرَّتَمَتَيْنِ ar-ratamatayni	رَتَمَتَيْ ratamatay
Paucal (3-10)	sound feminine paucal
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	رَتَمَات ratamāt	الرَّتَمَات ar-ratamāt	رَتَمَات ratamāt
Nominative	رَتَمَاتٌ ratamātun	الرَّتَمَاتُ ar-ratamātu	رَتَمَاتُ ratamātu
Accusative	رَتَمَاتٍ ratamātin	الرَّتَمَاتِ ar-ratamāti	رَتَمَاتِ ratamāti
Genitive	رَتَمَاتٍ ratamātin	الرَّتَمَاتِ ar-ratamāti	رَتَمَاتِ ratamāti

References

• رتم on the Arabic Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^ar
• “rtm²”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• Corriente, Federico, Pereira, Christophe, Vicente, Angeles, editors (2017), Dictionnaire du faisceau dialectal arabe andalou. Perspectives phraséologiques et étymologiques (in French), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, page 517
• Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “رتم”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes‎^[1] (in French), volume 2, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 509
• Freytag, Georg (1833) “رتم”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎^[2] (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, pages 119–120
• Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) “رتم”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc‎^[3] (in French), volume 1, Paris: Maisonneuve et C^ie, pages 817–818
• Lane, Edward William (1863) “رتم”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎^[4], London: Williams & Norgate, pages 1028–1029
• Löw, Immanuel (1924) Die Flora der Juden‎^[5] (in German), volume 2, Wien und Leipzig: R. Löwit, pages 469–473
• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “رتم”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎^[6], London: W.H. Allen, page 402
• Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “رتم”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart‎^[7] (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 451