دنيا

See also: دنیا

Arabic

Roots
د ن و (d n w)
6 terms
د ن ي (d n y)
3 terms

Etymology

Etymology tree

Arabic دَنِيّ (daniyy)

Arabic أَدْنَى (ʔadnā)

Arabic دُنْيَا (dunyā)

Feminine elative of أَدْنَى (ʔadnā, “lower”). دُنيَا (“world”) is originally the "lower place" (as opposed to heaven, the "higher place"); compare English here below.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dun.jaː/

Noun

دُنْيَا • (dunyā) f (dual دُنْيَيَان (dunyayān), plural دُنًا (dunan) or دُنًى (dunan) or دُنْيَيَات (dunyayāt))

1. this mortal life; life in this world
   • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 3:145:

     وَمَن يُرِدْ ثَوَابَ ٱلدُّنْيَا نُؤْتِهِ مِنْهَا وَمَن يُرِدْ ثَوَابَ ٱلْآخِرَةِ نُؤْتِهِ مِنْهَا ۚ وَسَنَجْزِي ٱلشَّاكِرِينَ

     waman yurid ṯawāba d-dunyā nuʔtihi minhā waman yurid ṯawāba l-ʔāḵirati nuʔtihi minhā wasanajzī š-šākirīna

     And whoever desires the reward of this world - We will give him thereof; and whoever desires the reward of the Hereafter - We will give him thereof. And We will reward the grateful.

2. world (the Earth, or any this-worldly habitat, excluding the next world)

Declension

Declension of noun دُنْيَا (dunyā)

Singular	singular invariable
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	دُنْيَا dunyā	الدُّنْيَا ad-dunyā	دُنْيَا dunyā
Nominative	دُنْيَا dunyā	الدُّنْيَا ad-dunyā	دُنْيَا dunyā
Accusative	دُنْيَا dunyā	الدُّنْيَا ad-dunyā	دُنْيَا dunyā
Genitive	دُنْيَا dunyā	الدُّنْيَا ad-dunyā	دُنْيَا dunyā
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	دُنْيَيَيْن dunyayayn	الدُّنْيَيَيْن ad-dunyayayn	دُنْيَيَيْ dunyayay
Nominative	دُنْيَيَانِ dunyayāni	الدُّنْيَيَانِ ad-dunyayāni	دُنْيَيَا dunyayā
Accusative	دُنْيَيَيْنِ dunyayayni	الدُّنْيَيَيْنِ ad-dunyayayni	دُنْيَيَيْ dunyayay
Genitive	دُنْيَيَيْنِ dunyayayni	الدُّنْيَيَيْنِ ad-dunyayayni	دُنْيَيَيْ dunyayay
Plural	broken plural in ـًا (-an)‎; broken plural in ـًى (-an)‎; sound feminine plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	دُنَا‎; دُنَى‎; دُنْيَيَات dunā‎; dunā‎; dunyayāt	الدُّنَا‎; الدُّنَى‎; الدُّنْيَيَات ad-dunā‎; ad-dunā‎; ad-dunyayāt	دُنَا‎; دُنَى‎; دُنْيَيَات dunā‎; dunā‎; dunyayāt
Nominative	دُنًا‎; دُنًى‎; دُنْيَيَاتٌ dunan‎; dunan‎; dunyayātun	الدُّنَا‎; الدُّنَى‎; الدُّنْيَيَاتُ ad-dunā‎; ad-dunā‎; ad-dunyayātu	دُنَا‎; دُنَى‎; دُنْيَيَاتُ dunā‎; dunā‎; dunyayātu
Accusative	دُنًا‎; دُنًى‎; دُنْيَيَاتٍ dunan‎; dunan‎; dunyayātin	الدُّنَا‎; الدُّنَى‎; الدُّنْيَيَاتِ ad-dunā‎; ad-dunā‎; ad-dunyayāti	دُنَا‎; دُنَى‎; دُنْيَيَاتِ dunā‎; dunā‎; dunyayāti
Genitive	دُنًا‎; دُنًى‎; دُنْيَيَاتٍ dunan‎; dunan‎; dunyayātin	الدُّنَا‎; الدُّنَى‎; الدُّنْيَيَاتِ ad-dunā‎; ad-dunā‎; ad-dunyayāti	دُنَا‎; دُنَى‎; دُنْيَيَاتِ dunā‎; dunā‎; dunyayāti

Antonyms

• آخِرة (ʔāḵira)

Derived terms

• دُنْيَوِيّ (dunyawiyy)

Descendants

• Egyptian Arabic: دنيا (dunya, dinya)
• Gulf Arabic: دنيا (dinya)
• Hijazi Arabic: دُنيا (dunya)
• Maltese: dinja
• Moroccan Arabic: دنيا (dunya, dinya)
• North Levantine Arabic: دني (dini), دنيي (dinyi), دنيا (dinya)
• → Classical Persian: دٌنْیَا (see there for further descendants)
• → Daba: dúnyà
• → Karo Batak: doni
• → Hausa: dūniyā̀
• → Indonesian: dunia
• → Javanese: ꦢꦺꦴꦚ (donya)
• → Kabyle: ddunit
• → Laki: دنیا (dinya)
• → Malay: dunia
• → Minangkabau: dunia
• → Northern Kurdish: dinya
• → Sasak: dunie
• → Somali: dunida
• → Sundanese: dunya
• → Swahili: dunia
• → Tashelhit: ddunit
• → Yoruba: dúníyàn

From الدُّنْيَا (ad-dunyā):

• → Afar: addunyá
• → Oromo: addunyaa
• → Saho: udduuniya
• → Somali: addúun

Adjective

دُنْيَا • (dunyā) f

1. feminine singular of أَدْنَى (ʔadnā, “lower”)

References

• Wehr, Hans (1979) “دنو”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

Bulgar

Etymology

From Arabic دُنْيَا (dunyā).

Noun

دنيا (dönyā)

1. (Volga Bulgar) world

Descendants

• Chuvash: тӗнче (tĕnč̬e)

References

• Hakimzjanov, Farid Sabirzjanovich (1986) “New Volga Bulgarian Inscriptions”, in Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae‎^[1] (in Bulgar), volume 40, number 1, page 174

Egyptian Arabic

Alternative forms

• دنية, دنيه

Etymology

From Arabic دُنْيَا (dunyā)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dun.ja/

Noun

دُنيا or دِنيا • (dunya or dinya) f

1. world
2. (definite) impersonal pronoun, describing weather and general time

   Coordinate term: ساعة (sāʕa, “clock; hour”) (for specific clock times)

   الدنيا بتشتي ― id-dunya bitišti ― It's raining

   الدنيا بتليل ― id-dunya bitlayyil ― Night is falling (literally, “it's becoming night”)

Gujarati

Noun

دنيا • (dunyā) f (Lisan ud-Dawat)

1. Arabic spelling of દુનિયા (duniyā)

Maguindanao

Noun

دنيا (transliteration needed)

1. Jawi spelling of dunia

Malay

Noun

دنيا (plural دنيا-دنيا or دنيا٢, informal 1st possessive دنياکو, 2nd possessive دنيامو, 3rd possessive دنياڽ)

1. Jawi spelling of dunia‎

Moroccan Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic دُنْيَا (dunyā).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /dun.ja/, /din.ja/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

دُنيا or دِنيا • (dunya or dinya) f (plural دُنيات (dunyāt) or دِنيات (dinyāt))

1. world, earth

   Synonym: عالم (ʕālam)

   هاد الراجل هو أسرع واحد فهاد الدنيا

   hād er-rājel huwwa ʔasraʕ wāḥed f-hād ed-dunya

   This man is the fastest in the world.

2. it; things; everything; used to refer to general states and circumstances

   الدنيا مغيمة غدا ― ed-dunya mḡayyma ḡadda ― It'll be cloudy tomorrow.

   الدنيا عامرة اليوم فهاد المحال ― ed-dunya ʕāmra f-hād el-maḥāl ― This store is crowded today.

North Levantine Arabic

Alternative forms

• دنية (dinye), دنيي (dinye)
• دني (dine, dini)

Etymology

From Arabic دُنْيَا (dunyā).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /din.ja/, [dɪn.ja]

Noun

دنيا • (dinya) f

1. world, this world
2. (by extension) society, the people
3. dummy subject for weather, seasons & time of day (used with a noun as opposed to an adjective)

   الدنيا برد ― ed-dinya barid ― It’s cold

   الدنيا ليل ― ed-dinya layl ― It’s night

4. this place (used for exaggeration)

   خرّبت الدنيا!

   ḵarrabt ed-dinya!

   You made a mess! (literally, "you destroyed the world")

   الدنيا ميّ ― ed-dinya mayy ― This place is wet (literally, "the world is water")

South Levantine Arabic

Root
د ن و
2 terms

Etymology

From Arabic دُنْيَا (dunyā). Equivalent to the feminine elative of أدنى (ʔadna, “lower, lowest”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /din.ja/, [ˈdɪn.ja]

• Audio (Ramallah):

  (file)

Noun

دنيا • (dinya) f

1. world

   Synonym: عالم (ʕālam)

2. this world (opposed to the hereafter)

   Antonym: آخرة (ʔāḵre)

3. it (dummy subject for the weather and seasons)

Usage notes

• When describing the weather, الدنيا (id-dinya) is followed by a noun rather than an adjective.

  الدنيا شوب.

  id-dinya šōb.

  It's hot (outside).

  (literally, “The world is heat.”)

• When used with a verb الدنيا (id-dinya) is optional, but the verb remains in the 3rd person feminine singular.

  (الدنيا) عم بتشتي.

  (id-dinya) ʕam bitšatti.

  It's raining.