درفش

Persian

Inherited from Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (dlpš /⁠drafš⁠/, “banner”), perhaps from a hypothetical Proto-Iranian *drafš- (“to "behave" like a banner, fly up, shine, tremble”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *drep- (“to cut, tear off (a piece)”). Cognate with Parthian 𐫅𐫡𐫜𐫢 (drfš /⁠drafš⁠/), Avestan 𐬛𐬭𐬀𐬟𐬱𐬀- (drafša-), Sogdian [script needed] (ʾrδʾšp), Sanskrit द्रप्स (drapsá); outside Indo-Iranian, compare in particular Late Latin drappus (“piece of cloth”). Akin to the borrowings: Old Armenian դրաւշ (drawš), Old Georgian დროშაჲ (drošay), დრაუჟი (drauži), Ossetian тырыса (tyrysa), туруса (turusa), Classical Syriac ܕܪܦܫܐ (drap̄šā).

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪ɪ.ɾäfʃ], [d̪ä.ɾäfʃ]
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [d̪ɪ.ɾäfʃ], [d̪ä.ɾäfʃ]
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [d̪i.ɾäfʃ], [d̪ä.ɾäfʃ]

درفش • (derafš)

Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971) “դրօշ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume I, Yerevan: University Press, page 697ab
Horn, Paul (1893) Grundriss der neupersischen Etymologie (in German), Strasbourg: K.J. Trübner, § 553, page 123
Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2003) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume II, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, page 348
Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “درفش”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul
Cheung, Johnny (2007) “*dram”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 75

From Classical Persian (dirafš, “standard; banner”).

دُرَفش • (durafš) ? (Hindi spelling दुरफ़श)

دُرَفش • (durafš) (Hindi spelling दुरफ़श)

“درفش”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.