حنظل

Arabic

حَنْظَل

Etymology

From حَظَلَ (ḥaẓala, “to hinder in moving”), for this toxic plant blocks the ground, and حَظِلَ (ḥaẓila, “to walk lamely”) which is what camels do after having loaded their bellies with this plant. The same motive was the namesake of حَدَج (ḥadaj, “colocynth”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ħan.ðˤal/

Noun

حَنْظَل • (ḥanẓal) m (collective, singulative حَنْظَلَة f (ḥanẓala))

1. colocynth

   Synonyms: حَدَج (ḥadaj), عَلْقَم (ʕalqam)

Declension

Declension of noun حَنْظَل (ḥanẓal)

Collective	basic collective triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	حَنْظَل ḥanẓal	الْحَنْظَل al-ḥanẓal	حَنْظَل ḥanẓal
Nominative	حَنْظَلٌ ḥanẓalun	الْحَنْظَلُ al-ḥanẓalu	حَنْظَلُ ḥanẓalu
Accusative	حَنْظَلًا ḥanẓalan	الْحَنْظَلَ al-ḥanẓala	حَنْظَلَ ḥanẓala
Genitive	حَنْظَلٍ ḥanẓalin	الْحَنْظَلِ al-ḥanẓali	حَنْظَلِ ḥanẓali
Singulative	singulative triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	حَنْظَلَة ḥanẓala	الْحَنْظَلَة al-ḥanẓala	حَنْظَلَة ḥanẓalat
Nominative	حَنْظَلَةٌ ḥanẓalatun	الْحَنْظَلَةُ al-ḥanẓalatu	حَنْظَلَةُ ḥanẓalatu
Accusative	حَنْظَلَةً ḥanẓalatan	الْحَنْظَلَةَ al-ḥanẓalata	حَنْظَلَةَ ḥanẓalata
Genitive	حَنْظَلَةٍ ḥanẓalatin	الْحَنْظَلَةِ al-ḥanẓalati	حَنْظَلَةِ ḥanẓalati
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	حَنْظَلَتَيْن ḥanẓalatayn	الْحَنْظَلَتَيْن al-ḥanẓalatayn	حَنْظَلَتَيْ ḥanẓalatay
Nominative	حَنْظَلَتَانِ ḥanẓalatāni	الْحَنْظَلَتَانِ al-ḥanẓalatāni	حَنْظَلَتَا ḥanẓalatā
Accusative	حَنْظَلَتَيْنِ ḥanẓalatayni	الْحَنْظَلَتَيْنِ al-ḥanẓalatayni	حَنْظَلَتَيْ ḥanẓalatay
Genitive	حَنْظَلَتَيْنِ ḥanẓalatayni	الْحَنْظَلَتَيْنِ al-ḥanẓalatayni	حَنْظَلَتَيْ ḥanẓalatay
Paucal (3-10)	sound feminine paucal
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	حَنْظَلَات ḥanẓalāt	الْحَنْظَلَات al-ḥanẓalāt	حَنْظَلَات ḥanẓalāt
Nominative	حَنْظَلَاتٌ ḥanẓalātun	الْحَنْظَلَاتُ al-ḥanẓalātu	حَنْظَلَاتُ ḥanẓalātu
Accusative	حَنْظَلَاتٍ ḥanẓalātin	الْحَنْظَلَاتِ al-ḥanẓalāti	حَنْظَلَاتِ ḥanẓalāti
Genitive	حَنْظَلَاتٍ ḥanẓalātin	الْحَنْظَلَاتِ al-ḥanẓalāti	حَنْظَلَاتِ ḥanẓalāti

Descendants

• → Amharic: አንዴል (ʾändel)
• → Middle Armenian: հանդալ (handal)
• → Tigre: ዐንደል (ʿändäl)
• → Tigrinya: ዓንደል (ʿandäl), አንደል (ʾändäl)

References

• “حنظل” in Almaany
• Freytag, Georg (1830) “حنظل”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎^[1] (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 398
• Freytag, Georg (1830) “حنظل”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎^[2] (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 436
• Lane, Edward William (1863) “حنظل”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎^[3], London: Williams & Norgate, page 596
• Lane, Edward William (1863) “حنظل”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎^[4], London: Williams & Norgate, page 657
• Löw, Immanuel (1928) Die Flora der Juden‎^[5] (in German), volume 1, Wien und Leipzig: R. Löwit, pages 537–542
• Zimmern, Heinrich (1915) Akkadische Fremdwörter als Beweis für babylonischen Kultureinfluss (in German), Leipzig: A. Edelmann, page 57