حلقوس

Arabic

Alternative forms

حَلْقُوص (ḥalqūṣ), حَرْقُوس (ḥarqūs), حَرْقُوص (ḥarqūṣ), خَلْقُوس (ḵalqūs), خَلْقُوص (ḵalqūṣ)

Etymology

From Ancient Greek χαλκός (khalkós, “copper”). The cosmetic and the art of its application are vulgarly claimed to be of Punic substrate. The word has probably been borrowed on two occasions regardless of it, the ر (r) form being a previous popular borrowing, wherefor the pigment and dipterans meaning are mostly if not exclusively with this consonantism, whereas the expected خ (ḵ) onset and rather literary ل (l) use are owed to the Graeco-Arabic translation movement grafting a learned borrowing upon the previously known word.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ħal.quːs/

Noun

حَلْقُوس • (ḥalqūs) m

(obsolete) calcined copper
Synonyms: نُحَاس مُحَرَّق (nuḥās muḥarraq), رُوسَخْتَج (rūsaḵtaj), رَاسُخْت (rāsuḵt)
(current and frequent in Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia) a pigment for art on the human skin composed of henna, miswak, cloves, gallnut, incense, orpiment, ferrous oxide cooked together in a pot of clay or copper

Arabic Wikipedia has an article on:

حرقوص

Wikipedia ^ar

(obsolete, countable with plural حَرَاقِيص (ḥarāqīṣ)) a biting house fly (Stomoxys calcitrans)
(obsolete, countable with plural حَرَاقِيص (ḥarāqīṣ)) a stone of a green unripe date

Declension

Declension of noun حَلْقُوس (ḥalqūs)

Singular	basic singular triptote
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	حَلْقُوس ḥalqūs	الْحَلْقُوس al-ḥalqūs	حَلْقُوس ḥalqūs
Nominative	حَلْقُوسٌ ḥalqūsun	الْحَلْقُوسُ al-ḥalqūsu	حَلْقُوسُ ḥalqūsu
Accusative	حَلْقُوسًا ḥalqūsan	الْحَلْقُوسَ al-ḥalqūsa	حَلْقُوسَ ḥalqūsa
Genitive	حَلْقُوسٍ ḥalqūsin	الْحَلْقُوسِ al-ḥalqūsi	حَلْقُوسِ ḥalqūsi

Descendants

→ French: harkous, harqous

References

Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “حَرْقُوص”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes‎^[1] (in French), volume 1, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 274b
Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “حَلقُوس”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes‎^[2] (in French), volume 1, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 317b
Freytag, Georg (1830) “حُرْقُوص”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎^[3] (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 370a
Käs, Fabian (2010) Die Mineralien in der arabischen Pharmakognosie. Eine Konkordanz zur mineralischen Materia medica der klassischen arabischen Heilmittelkunde nebst überlieferungsgeschichtlichen Studien (Akademie der Wissenschaften und Literatur · Mainz · Veröffentlichungen der Orientalischen Kommission; 54) (in German), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, pages 596–598
Lane, Edward William (1863) “حُرْقُوص”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎^[4], London: Williams & Norgate, pages 552c–553a
Ullmann, Manfred (1978) “Ḫālid ibn Yazīd und die Alchemie: Eine Legende”, in Der Islam‎^[5] (in German), volume 55, →DOI, pages 210–211