حبش

See also: حبس and جبس

Arabic

Etymology 1

Noun

حَبَش • (ḥabaš) f

1. only used in الْحَبَش (al-ḥabaš)

Declension

Declension of noun الْحَبَش (al-ḥabaš)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	—	الْحَبَش al-ḥabaš	—
Nominative	—	الْحَبَشُ al-ḥabašu	—
Accusative	—	الْحَبَشَ al-ḥabaša	—
Genitive	—	الْحَبَشِ al-ḥabaši	—

Etymology 2

Back-formation of الْحَبَشَة (al-ḥabaša, “Ethiopia”) due to ideas of getting richer through incense trade. Alternatively variant of حَفَشَ (ḥafaša, “to gather”), which may be illustrated by the same verb in Ge'ez, ሐፈሠ (ḥäfäśä), variating too as ሐበሠ (ḥäbäśä, “to collect”).

Verb

حَبَشَ • (ḥabaša) I (non-past يَحْبُشُ (yaḥbušu), verbal noun حَبْش (ḥabš) or حُبَاشَة (ḥubāša))

1. to collect, to earn, to reap

Conjugation

    Conjugation of حَبَشَ (I, sound, a ~ u, full passive (?), verbal nouns حَبْش, حُبَاشَة)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						حَبْش, حُبَاشَة ḥabš, ḥubāša
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						حَابِش ḥābiš
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مَحْبُوش maḥbūš
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	حَبَشْتُ ḥabaštu	حَبَشْتَ ḥabašta	حَبَشَ ḥabaša		حَبَشْتُمَا ḥabaštumā	حَبَشَا ḥabašā		حَبَشْنَا ḥabašnā	حَبَشْتُمْ ḥabaštum	حَبَشُوا ḥabašū
	f		حَبَشْتِ ḥabašti	حَبَشَتْ ḥabašat			حَبَشَتَا ḥabašatā			حَبَشْتُنَّ ḥabaštunna	حَبَشْنَ ḥabašna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَحْبُشُ ʔaḥbušu	تَحْبُشُ taḥbušu	يَحْبُشُ yaḥbušu		تَحْبُشَانِ taḥbušāni	يَحْبُشَانِ yaḥbušāni		نَحْبُشُ naḥbušu	تَحْبُشُونَ taḥbušūna	يَحْبُشُونَ yaḥbušūna
	f		تَحْبُشِينَ taḥbušīna	تَحْبُشُ taḥbušu			تَحْبُشَانِ taḥbušāni			تَحْبُشْنَ taḥbušna	يَحْبُشْنَ yaḥbušna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَحْبُشَ ʔaḥbuša	تَحْبُشَ taḥbuša	يَحْبُشَ yaḥbuša		تَحْبُشَا taḥbušā	يَحْبُشَا yaḥbušā		نَحْبُشَ naḥbuša	تَحْبُشُوا taḥbušū	يَحْبُشُوا yaḥbušū
	f		تَحْبُشِي taḥbušī	تَحْبُشَ taḥbuša			تَحْبُشَا taḥbušā			تَحْبُشْنَ taḥbušna	يَحْبُشْنَ yaḥbušna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَحْبُشْ ʔaḥbuš	تَحْبُشْ taḥbuš	يَحْبُشْ yaḥbuš		تَحْبُشَا taḥbušā	يَحْبُشَا yaḥbušā		نَحْبُشْ naḥbuš	تَحْبُشُوا taḥbušū	يَحْبُشُوا yaḥbušū
	f		تَحْبُشِي taḥbušī	تَحْبُشْ taḥbuš			تَحْبُشَا taḥbušā			تَحْبُشْنَ taḥbušna	يَحْبُشْنَ yaḥbušna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اُحْبُشْ uḥbuš			اُحْبُشَا uḥbušā				اُحْبُشُوا uḥbušū
	f		اُحْبُشِي uḥbušī							اُحْبُشْنَ uḥbušna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	حُبِشْتُ ḥubištu	حُبِشْتَ ḥubišta	حُبِشَ ḥubiša		حُبِشْتُمَا ḥubištumā	حُبِشَا ḥubišā		حُبِشْنَا ḥubišnā	حُبِشْتُمْ ḥubištum	حُبِشُوا ḥubišū
	f		حُبِشْتِ ḥubišti	حُبِشَتْ ḥubišat			حُبِشَتَا ḥubišatā			حُبِشْتُنَّ ḥubištunna	حُبِشْنَ ḥubišna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُحْبَشُ ʔuḥbašu	تُحْبَشُ tuḥbašu	يُحْبَشُ yuḥbašu		تُحْبَشَانِ tuḥbašāni	يُحْبَشَانِ yuḥbašāni		نُحْبَشُ nuḥbašu	تُحْبَشُونَ tuḥbašūna	يُحْبَشُونَ yuḥbašūna
	f		تُحْبَشِينَ tuḥbašīna	تُحْبَشُ tuḥbašu			تُحْبَشَانِ tuḥbašāni			تُحْبَشْنَ tuḥbašna	يُحْبَشْنَ yuḥbašna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُحْبَشَ ʔuḥbaša	تُحْبَشَ tuḥbaša	يُحْبَشَ yuḥbaša		تُحْبَشَا tuḥbašā	يُحْبَشَا yuḥbašā		نُحْبَشَ nuḥbaša	تُحْبَشُوا tuḥbašū	يُحْبَشُوا yuḥbašū
	f		تُحْبَشِي tuḥbašī	تُحْبَشَ tuḥbaša			تُحْبَشَا tuḥbašā			تُحْبَشْنَ tuḥbašna	يُحْبَشْنَ yuḥbašna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُحْبَشْ ʔuḥbaš	تُحْبَشْ tuḥbaš	يُحْبَشْ yuḥbaš		تُحْبَشَا tuḥbašā	يُحْبَشَا yuḥbašā		نُحْبَشْ nuḥbaš	تُحْبَشُوا tuḥbašū	يُحْبَشُوا yuḥbašū
	f		تُحْبَشِي tuḥbašī	تُحْبَشْ tuḥbaš			تُحْبَشَا tuḥbašā			تُحْبَشْنَ tuḥbašna	يُحْبَشْنَ yuḥbašna

Verb

حَبَّشَ • (ḥabbaša) II (non-past يُحَبِّشُ (yuḥabbišu), verbal noun تَحْبِيش (taḥbīš))

1. to collect, to earn, to reap

Conjugation

    Conjugation of حَبَّشَ (II, sound, full passive, verbal noun تَحْبِيش)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						تَحْبِيش taḥbīš
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						مُحَبِّش muḥabbiš
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مُحَبَّش muḥabbaš
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	حَبَّشْتُ ḥabbaštu	حَبَّشْتَ ḥabbašta	حَبَّشَ ḥabbaša		حَبَّشْتُمَا ḥabbaštumā	حَبَّشَا ḥabbašā		حَبَّشْنَا ḥabbašnā	حَبَّشْتُمْ ḥabbaštum	حَبَّشُوا ḥabbašū
	f		حَبَّشْتِ ḥabbašti	حَبَّشَتْ ḥabbašat			حَبَّشَتَا ḥabbašatā			حَبَّشْتُنَّ ḥabbaštunna	حَبَّشْنَ ḥabbašna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُحَبِّشُ ʔuḥabbišu	تُحَبِّشُ tuḥabbišu	يُحَبِّشُ yuḥabbišu		تُحَبِّشَانِ tuḥabbišāni	يُحَبِّشَانِ yuḥabbišāni		نُحَبِّشُ nuḥabbišu	تُحَبِّشُونَ tuḥabbišūna	يُحَبِّشُونَ yuḥabbišūna
	f		تُحَبِّشِينَ tuḥabbišīna	تُحَبِّشُ tuḥabbišu			تُحَبِّشَانِ tuḥabbišāni			تُحَبِّشْنَ tuḥabbišna	يُحَبِّشْنَ yuḥabbišna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُحَبِّشَ ʔuḥabbiša	تُحَبِّشَ tuḥabbiša	يُحَبِّشَ yuḥabbiša		تُحَبِّشَا tuḥabbišā	يُحَبِّشَا yuḥabbišā		نُحَبِّشَ nuḥabbiša	تُحَبِّشُوا tuḥabbišū	يُحَبِّشُوا yuḥabbišū
	f		تُحَبِّشِي tuḥabbišī	تُحَبِّشَ tuḥabbiša			تُحَبِّشَا tuḥabbišā			تُحَبِّشْنَ tuḥabbišna	يُحَبِّشْنَ yuḥabbišna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُحَبِّشْ ʔuḥabbiš	تُحَبِّشْ tuḥabbiš	يُحَبِّشْ yuḥabbiš		تُحَبِّشَا tuḥabbišā	يُحَبِّشَا yuḥabbišā		نُحَبِّشْ nuḥabbiš	تُحَبِّشُوا tuḥabbišū	يُحَبِّشُوا yuḥabbišū
	f		تُحَبِّشِي tuḥabbišī	تُحَبِّشْ tuḥabbiš			تُحَبِّشَا tuḥabbišā			تُحَبِّشْنَ tuḥabbišna	يُحَبِّشْنَ yuḥabbišna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		حَبِّشْ ḥabbiš			حَبِّشَا ḥabbišā				حَبِّشُوا ḥabbišū
	f		حَبِّشِي ḥabbišī							حَبِّشْنَ ḥabbišna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	حُبِّشْتُ ḥubbištu	حُبِّشْتَ ḥubbišta	حُبِّشَ ḥubbiša		حُبِّشْتُمَا ḥubbištumā	حُبِّشَا ḥubbišā		حُبِّشْنَا ḥubbišnā	حُبِّشْتُمْ ḥubbištum	حُبِّشُوا ḥubbišū
	f		حُبِّشْتِ ḥubbišti	حُبِّشَتْ ḥubbišat			حُبِّشَتَا ḥubbišatā			حُبِّشْتُنَّ ḥubbištunna	حُبِّشْنَ ḥubbišna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُحَبَّشُ ʔuḥabbašu	تُحَبَّشُ tuḥabbašu	يُحَبَّشُ yuḥabbašu		تُحَبَّشَانِ tuḥabbašāni	يُحَبَّشَانِ yuḥabbašāni		نُحَبَّشُ nuḥabbašu	تُحَبَّشُونَ tuḥabbašūna	يُحَبَّشُونَ yuḥabbašūna
	f		تُحَبَّشِينَ tuḥabbašīna	تُحَبَّشُ tuḥabbašu			تُحَبَّشَانِ tuḥabbašāni			تُحَبَّشْنَ tuḥabbašna	يُحَبَّشْنَ yuḥabbašna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُحَبَّشَ ʔuḥabbaša	تُحَبَّشَ tuḥabbaša	يُحَبَّشَ yuḥabbaša		تُحَبَّشَا tuḥabbašā	يُحَبَّشَا yuḥabbašā		نُحَبَّشَ nuḥabbaša	تُحَبَّشُوا tuḥabbašū	يُحَبَّشُوا yuḥabbašū
	f		تُحَبَّشِي tuḥabbašī	تُحَبَّشَ tuḥabbaša			تُحَبَّشَا tuḥabbašā			تُحَبَّشْنَ tuḥabbašna	يُحَبَّشْنَ yuḥabbašna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُحَبَّشْ ʔuḥabbaš	تُحَبَّشْ tuḥabbaš	يُحَبَّشْ yuḥabbaš		تُحَبَّشَا tuḥabbašā	يُحَبَّشَا yuḥabbašā		نُحَبَّشْ nuḥabbaš	تُحَبَّشُوا tuḥabbašū	يُحَبَّشُوا yuḥabbašū
	f		تُحَبَّشِي tuḥabbašī	تُحَبَّشْ tuḥabbaš			تُحَبَّشَا tuḥabbašā			تُحَبَّشْنَ tuḥabbašna	يُحَبَّشْنَ yuḥabbašna

References

• Freytag, Georg (1830) “حبش”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎^[1] (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 335
• Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) “حبش”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc‎^[2] (in French), volume 1, Paris: Maisonneuve et C^ie, page 368a

Hijazi Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic حَبَش (ḥabaš, “Abyssinia”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ħabaʃ/

Noun

حبش • (ḥabaš) m (collective)

1. maize, corn

   Synonym: ذُرة (dura)

Ottoman Turkish

Habesh eyalet

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic الْحَبَش (al-ḥabaš).

Proper noun

حبش • (habeş)

1. (historical) Abyssinia, the Ethiopian Empire, a former empire in East Africa, consisting of modern-day Ethiopia and Eritrea

   Synonyms: حبشستان (habeşistân), حبشه (habeşe)

2. (historical) Habesh, the Ottoman eyalet of Abyssinia which extended on the areas of coastal Hejaz and Northeast Africa

   Synonym: ایالت حبش (eyâlet-i habeş)

Proper noun

حبش • (habeş) (definite accusative حبشی (habeşi), plural حبشلر (habeşler))

1. Abyssinian, Abassian, a person from or an inhabitant of Abyssinia

   Synonym: حبشی (habeşî)

Derived terms

• ایالت حبش (eyâlet-i habeş, “Habesh eyalet”)
• حبش كبی (habeş gibi, “dark olive-colored”)
• حبش معدنی (habeş maʼdeni, “black sulphur of mercury”)
• حبش میمونی (habeş maymunu, “baboon”)
• حبشستان (habeşistân, “Abyssinia”)
• حبشه (habeşe, “Abyssinia”)
• حبشی (habeşî, “Abyssinian”)

Descendants

• Turkish: Habeş
• → Albanian: Habesh
• → Armenian: հաբեշ / հապէշ (habeš)

Further reading

• Barbier de Meynard, Charles (1881) “حبش”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume I, Paris: E. Leroux, page 642
• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “Habeş”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1824
• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “حبش”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[3], Constantinople: Mihran, page 496
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Æthiopia”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[4], Vienna, column 37
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “حبش”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[5], Vienna, column 1721
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “حبش”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[6], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 761
• Sezen, Tahir (2017) “Habeş”, in Osmanlı Yer Adları [Ottoman Place Names]‎^[7], 2nd edition, Ankara: T.C. Başbakanlık Devlet Arşivleri Genel Müdürlüğü, page 319

South Levantine Arabic

Etymology

Shortening of ديك الحبش (dīk il-ḥabaš, literally “Ethiopian rooster”).

Noun

حبش • (ḥabaš) m

1. (uncountable) turkey

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic حَبَشْ (ḥabaš, “Abyssinia”), the former name of Ethiopia.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /ɦə.bəʃ/
• Rhymes: -əʃ

Proper noun

حَبَش • (habaś) m (Hindi spelling हबश)

1. (historical) Abyssinia (a country in Africa)