جحمة

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Arabic

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Etymology 1

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Root
ج ح م (j ḥ m)
3 terms

Noun

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جَحْمَة (jaḥmaf

  1. burning fiercely, being fiery, blazing
Declension
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Etymology 2

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  • According to the lexicographers a Himyaritic borrowing.
  • Perhaps instead from the root ج ح م (j-ḥ-m) “being blazing; vehement” via the idea of staring, as an originally coarse word, or the eyes being considered the window by which one sees the fire of the soul.
  • A borrowing from a descendant of Proto-Iranian *čášma n (eye), be it via Old South Arabian, can also be presumed, not requiring a particular Iranian source language, since the medial /ʃ/ would have been dissimilated in any case to resolve the homorganicity with /d͡ʒ/.

Noun

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جَحْمَة (jaḥmaf

  1. (obsolete, Yemen) eye
    Synonym: عَيْن (ʕayn)
    • a. 750, unknown, quoted by Kitāb al-ʿAyn and Taḏhīb al-Luḡa:
      فَفَاضَتْ دُمُوعُ الْجَحْمَتَيْنِ بِعَبْرَةٍ … عَلَى الزُبِّ حَتَّى الزُبِّ فِي المَاءِ غَامِس
      fa-fāḍat dumūʕu l-jaḥmatayni bi-ʕabratin … ʕalā z-zubbi ḥattā z-zubbi fī l-māʔi ḡāmis
      And the tears of the two eyes overflowed without sobbing … over the beard, until the beard was dipping into water
Declension
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Derived terms
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  • جَحَّمَ (jaḥḥama, to regard with fixed eyes)
  • جُحَام (juḥām, a disease of the eyes where they are swollen)