تیمار

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

From Persian تیمار (timâr).

Noun

تیمار • (timar)

1. care, nurture, provision
2. a kind of Ottoman Empire fief granted by the Sultan to a spahi (سپاهی (sipahi)) in exchange for his cavalryman service and cultivated by villeins who leased it from him, timar

Derived terms

• تیمارخانه (timarhane, “hospital; insane asylum”)
  • تیمارخانه‌جی (timarhaneci, “nurse”)
• تیمارلك (timarlik), same as تیمار (timar)
• تیمارجی (timarcı, “who has the right to receive a rent from a timar”)

Descendants

• Turkish: tımar
• → Arabic: تِيمَار (tīmār, “timar”) – in Egypt and the Sudan in the 19^th century tamar, meaning a hospital; now only تَمَرْجِيّ (tamargi, “medical orderly”)
• → Armenian: թիմար (tʻimar)
• → Bulgarian: тима́р (timár)
• → English: timar
• → Macedonian: тимар (timar)
• → Serbo-Croatian: tìmār / тѝма̄р
• → Spanish: timar

References

• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “تیمار”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[1], Vienna, columns 1508–1509
• Zenker, Julius Theodor (1866) “تیمار”, in Türkisch-arabisch-persisches Handwörterbuch, volume 1 (overall work in German and French), Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann, page 334a

Persian

Etymology

Inherited from Middle Persian [script needed] (tymʾl /⁠tēmār⁠/).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [teː.ˈmɑːɾ]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰiː.mɑ́ːɾ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰiː.mɑ́ːɾ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰiː.mɑ́ːɾ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰi.mɔ́ːɾ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰiː.mɒ́ːɹ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰi.mɔ́ɾ]

Readings
Classical reading?	tēmār
Dari reading?	tīmār
Iranian reading?	timâr
Tajik reading?	timor

Noun

تیمار • (timâr)

1. care; nurture; provision
   • c. 1060, Nāṣir-i Khusraw, Safarnāma [Book of Travels]‎^[2]:

     گروهی را سراییان می‌گفتند و پیادگان بودند از هر ولایتی آمده بودند و ایشان را سپاهسالاری باشد جداگانه که تیمار ایشان دارد و ایشان هر قومی به سلاح ولایت خویش کار کنند، ده هزار مرد بودند.

     gurōhē rā sarāyīyān mē-guftand u pīyādagān būdand az har wilāyatē āmada būdand u ēšān rā sipāhsālārē bāšad judāgāna ki tēmār-e ēšān dārad u ēšān har qawmē ba silāh-i wilāyat-i xwēš kār kunand, dah hazār mard būdand.

     One group was called the Sarāyīs. They were infantrymen who had come from every country, and they had a separate general who took care of them. Every nation of them fought with the weapons of their own country. They were ten thousand men.

2. grief; anxiety
3. (historical) timar (Ottoman land grant)

Derived terms

• بوتیمار (butimâr, “bittern”)
• تیمارستان (timârestân, “hospital; insane asylum”)