توران

Persian

"Son of Tur," whose name is of uncertain origin; possibly from (“brave”). The name is attested in the Avesta as 𐬙𐬏𐬌𐬭𐬌𐬌𐬀 (tūⁱriia), drawing comparisons to Sanskrit तुरीय (turīya, “fourth”).

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰuː.ɾɑːn]
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰuː.ɾɑːn]
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰu.ɾɔːn]


Iranian Persian	توران
Dari	توران
Tajik	Турон

توران • (turân)

(historical) Turan (a region of Central Asia, originally populated by Iranian Central Asian nomads; later, Iranians came to identify Turkic neighbours as Turanians)

Brill (1993): First Encyclopaedia of Islam: 1913-1936, p. 879
“Turk”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 5th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2016, →ISBN.
Shantaram Bhalchandra Deo, Sūryanātha Kāmat (1993): The Aryan Problem: Papers Presented at the Seminar on the Aryan Problem Held at Bangalore in July 1991, p. 93

توران • (tūrān) ?

(historical) Turan (a region of Central Asia, originally populated by Iranian Central Asian nomads; later, Iranians came to identify Turkic neighbours as Turanians)
Turkestan; the realm of the Turkic peoples

“توران”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “توران”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
Platts, John T. (1884) “توران”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
“توران”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.