գիւղ

Old Armenian

Alternative forms

• գեաւղ (geawł), գեղ (geł), գևղ (gewł), գեօղ (geōł)

Etymology

The origin is uncertain. The older spelling is either գևղ (gewł) or գեղ (geł). Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *wel- (“to crowd together”) with a semantic shift ‘crowd’ → ‘village’ and cognate with Ancient Greek εἰλέω (eiléō, “to assemble”), ἁλία (halía, “assembly of people”); the nominative would be from Proto-Indo-European *wél-ōy, the genitive գեղջ (gełǰ) from Proto-Indo-European *wel-y-ós.

Ačaṙean explains the genitive-dative գեղջ (gełǰ) by contraction from *գևեղ (*geweł), the supposed regular genitive-dative of r-type գևղ (gewł), with the addition of the “augmentative genitive-dative marker” -ջ (-ǰ). See also ալիւր (aliwr), -ոջ (-oǰ).

Noun

գիւղ • (giwł)

1. village; country

   գնալ, բնակել ի գիւղ ― gnal, bnakel i giwł ― to go to or live in the country

Declension

i-type

	singular	plural
nominative	գիւղ (giwł)	գիւղք (giwłkʻ)
genitive	գեղջ (gełǰ)	գիւղից (giwłicʻ)
dative	գեղջ (gełǰ)	գիւղից (giwłicʻ)
accusative	գիւղ (giwł)	գիւղս (giwłs)
ablative	գեղջէ (gełǰē)	գիւղից (giwłicʻ)
instrumental	գիւղիւ (giwłiw)	գիւղիւք (giwłiwkʻ)
locative	գիւղի (giwłi)	գիւղս (giwłs)

Note the unusual genitive/dative/ablative.
Plural genitive գիւղաց (giwłacʻ) and post-classically plural instrumental գիւղօք (giwłōkʻ) are also attested.

Derived terms

• անգևղ (angewł)
• անգեօղ (angeōł)
• անգիւղ (angiwł)
• աւանագեօղ (awanageōł)
• գեղաստանեայք (gełastaneaykʻ)
• գեղաքաղաք (gełakʻałakʻ)
• գեղջային (gełǰayin)
• գեղջաւագ (gełǰawag)
• գեղջեայ (gełǰeay)
• գեղջերէց (gełǰerēcʻ)
• գեղջկաբանեմ (gełǰkabanem)
• գեղջկապէս (gełǰkapēs)
• գեղջուկ (gełǰuk)
• գեղօրեք (gełōrekʻ)
• գևղեան (gewłean)
• գևղջացի (gewłǰacʻi)
• գեօղաստայք (geōłastaykʻ)
• գեօղաստեայք (geōłasteaykʻ)
• գիւղաքաղաք (giwłakʻałakʻ)
• գիւղեան (giwłean)
• լեռնագիւղ (leṙnagiwł)
• քաղաքագևղ (kʻałakʻagewł)
• քաղաքագեօղ (kʻałakʻageōł)
• քաղաքագիւղ (kʻałakʻagiwł)

Descendants

• Armenian: գյուղ (gyuġ)
• Middle Armenian:
  • →? Old Anatolian Turkish: كوی (köy), كُوكْ (köğ)
    • Ottoman Turkish: كوی (köy), كوك (köğ), كوو (köv)
      • Turkish: köy
      • → Crimean Tatar: köy

References

• Ačaṙyan, Hračʻya (1944) “Haykakankʻ A [Armeniaca I]”, in HSSṘ GA Teġekagir hasarakakan gitutʻyunneri [Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the Armenian SSR: Social Sciences]‎^[1] (in Armenian), number 5, page 29 of 25–30
• Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1979) “Haykakankʻ (Armeniaca)”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, volume IV, Yerevan: University Press, page 628a
• Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971–1979) “գիւղ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
• Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836–1837) “գիւղ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
• Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 217
• Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “գիւղ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy