𐽰𐽱

Old Uyghur

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *eb (“house”). Cognate with Old Turkic 𐰋 (eb), Chuvash авлан (avlan, “to marry”), Tuvan өг (ög, “yurt, tent”) and Turkish ev (“house”).

The constellation sense is a semantic loan from Middle Chinese 宿.

Noun

𐽰𐽱 (ev /ʾβ/)

1. house, dwelling-place, palace, hut, farm, outpost

   Synonyms: 𐽼𐽰𐽾𐽵𐾄 (bark), 𐽲𐽰𐽺𐽰𐽵 (ganah), 𐽶𐽰𐽶𐾁𐽶𐽵𐾄 (yaylïk)

   𐽰𐽱 𐽲𐾄𐽳𐾀𐽶

   Ev kutï

   house spirit

   • undated, Exhortation directed to laity to give alms (TT13.15)‎^[1], BT13.15.05.10 (25)‎^[2]:

     𐽰𐽳𐾀 𐾁𐽳𐽲 𐽰𐽳𐽼𐽾𐽶 𐽰𐽱 𐽼𐽰𐽾𐽲𐾄 𐽰𐽳𐾁 𐾈

     Otlug oprï, ev bark ol […]

     A fiery pit they are, house [and] yard […]

   • undated, Poem about death and transience (TT13.16)‎^[3], BT13.16.B.r01 (23) - BT13.16.B.r04 (26)‎^[4]:

     𐾀𐽳𐽶𐽾𐾀 𐽲𐽰𐽼𐽶𐽲 𐾁𐽶𐽲 𐽰𐽱𐽶𐽹 𐽰𐽳𐾁 𐾆
     𐾀𐽳𐽶𐽾𐾀 𐾀𐽶𐽺 𐽶𐽶𐽺𐽷𐽰𐽲 𐽰𐽰𐽽𐽳𐽲 𐽰𐽳𐾁 𐾆
     𐾀𐽳𐽶𐽴𐽷𐽰𐽾𐽳 𐽽𐽶𐽺𐽲𐽰𐽾𐽳 𐽻𐽰𐽲𐽶𐽺𐽻𐽰𐽾 𐾆
     𐾀𐽳𐽶𐽾𐾀 𐽰𐽳𐾁𐽳𐽲 𐽳𐽹 𐽲𐽳𐽾𐽳𐽲 𐽰𐽳𐾁 𐾆

     Tört kapïglïg evim ol,
     törttin yïŋak ačuk ol.
     Tözgerü čïngaru sakïnsar,
     tört ulugum kurug ol.

     My house is one with four doors,
     it is open in four directions.
     If [it] was to think about and realize,
     my four great [merits] are in vain.

2. tent, family unit

   Synonym: 𐽲𐽰 (ka)

   𐽰𐽱 𐽰𐽱 𐽻𐽰𐽶𐽳

   Ev ev sayu […]

   Every single home […]

   • 10th century, Maitrisimit Nom Bitig‎^[5], r13(MaitrGeng0548):

     𐽼𐽰𐽶𐽰𐽲𐽳𐾀𐾁𐽰𐽾 𐽰𐽰𐽱𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶 𐽼𐽰𐽾𐽲𐾄𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽴 𐽰 𐾀𐽶𐽲𐾄𐽹𐽶𐽿

     […] bayagutlar evleri barklarï üze tïkmïš […]

     […] are from wealthy progeny […]
     (lit. ' […] are crammed into the families of noble/rich people […] ')

3. (figurative) goods, property
4. (poetic) material world

   𐽰𐽱𐽸𐽶𐽺 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽹𐽰𐽷

   Evdin ünmek

   to leave the house; to abandon material desires, to become a monk

5. (astronomy) constellation, mansion

   𐾀𐽳𐽶𐽾𐾀𐽳𐽺𐽽 𐽰𐽱

   Törtünč ev

   fourth mansion (in Brahmic and Sinitic cosmogony)

Declension

Declension of 𐽰𐽱

	Singular	Definite plural
Nominative	𐽰𐽱 (ʾβ)	𐽰𐽱𐾁𐽰𐽾 (ʾβlʾr)
Genitive	𐽰𐽱𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 (ʾβnynk)	𐽰𐽱𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶𐽺𐽷 (ʾβlʾrnynk)
Dative	𐽰𐽱𐽷𐽰 (ʾβkʾ)	𐽰𐽱𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽷𐽰 (ʾβlʾrkʾ)
Accusative	𐽰𐽱𐽶𐽲 (ʾβyq), 𐽰𐽱𐽺𐽶 (ʾβny)	𐽰𐽱𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽲 (ʾβlʾryq), 𐽰𐽱𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽺𐽶 (ʾβlʾrny)
Locative	𐽰𐽱𐾀𐽰 (ʾβtʾ)	𐽰𐽱𐾁𐽰𐽾𐾀𐽰 (ʾβlʾrtʾ)
Ablative	𐽰𐽱𐾀𐽶𐽺 (ʾβtyn)	𐽰𐽱𐾁𐽰𐽾𐾀𐽶𐽺 (ʾβlʾrtyn)
Instrumental	𐽰𐽱𐽶𐽺 (ʾβyn)	𐽰𐽱𐾁𐽰𐽾𐽶𐽺 (ʾβlʾryn)
Equative	𐽰𐽱𐽽𐽰 (ʾβčʾ)
Directive	𐽰𐽱𐽷𐽰𐽾𐽳 (ʾβkʾrw)
Similative	𐽰𐽱𐾁𐽰𐽶𐽳 (ʾβlʾyw)

Compound terms

• 𐽰𐽱 𐽼𐽰𐽾𐽷 (ev bark, “house and yard; personal possessions; family, household”)
• 𐽰𐽱 𐽼𐽰𐽾𐽷 𐽼𐽰𐽿𐾁𐽰𐽹𐽰𐽷 (ev bark bašlamak, “to manage a household”)
• 𐽰𐽱 𐽼𐽰𐽾𐽷 𐽰𐽶𐽶𐽰𐽻𐽶 (ev bark iyesi, “householder”)
• 𐽰𐽱 𐽼𐽰𐽾𐽷 𐽲𐾄𐽳𐽸𐽹𐽰𐽷 (ev bark kodmak, “to leave material desires, to become a monk”)
• 𐽰𐽱 𐽷𐽰𐾁𐽶𐽺𐾁𐽰𐽾 (ev kelinler, “wives of a household”)
• 𐽰𐽱 𐽷𐽳𐾀𐽶 (ev kutï, “house spirit”)
• 𐽰𐽱 𐽰𐽳𐽾𐽺𐽰𐽲 (ev ornag, “residence, residing place”)
• 𐽰𐽱 𐾀𐽳𐾀𐽹𐽰𐽷 (ev tutmak, “to take care of a family”)
• 𐽰𐽱 𐽶𐽳𐾀𐽳𐽴𐽶 (ev yutuzï, “married woman”)
• 𐽰𐽱𐽸𐽶𐽺 𐽰𐽳𐽶𐽺𐽹𐽰𐽷 (evdin ünmek, “to leave material desires, to become a monk”)

Derived terms

• 𐽰𐽱𐽽𐽶 (evči, “wife, partner, housewife”)
• 𐽰𐽱𐾁𐽶𐽲 (evlig, “married”)

Descendants

• Western Yugur: yu

References

• Caferoğlu, Ahmet (1968) “äv”, in Eski Uygur Türkçesi Sözlüğü (Türk Dil Kurumu Yayınları; 260) (in Turkish), Istanbul: Edebiyat Fakültesi Basımevi, page 78
• Clauson, Gerard (1972) “e:v”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 3
• Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*eb”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
• Wilkens, Jens (2021) “(1)äv”, in Handworterbuch des Altuigurischen, Göttingen: Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen, page 129