потолок
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Russian
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *potolъkъ, from *tьlo (“ground, bottom”), from Proto-Indo-European *telh₂-o- (“ground”), from *telh₂- (“to bear, carry”). Cognates include Sanskrit तल (tala, “surface, bottom”), Latin tellūs (“ground, land”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]потоло́к • (potolók) m inan (genitive потолка́, nominative plural потолки́, genitive plural потолко́в, relational adjective потоло́чный)
- ceiling
- плева́ть в потоло́к ― plevátʹ v potolók ― to sit around doing nothing
- взять с потолка́ ― vzjatʹ s potolká ― to make up, to spin out of thin air
- 1842, Николай Гоголь, “Том I, Глава 3”, in Мёртвые души; English translation from Constance Garnett, transl., Dead Souls, London: Chatto & Windus, 1922:
- Оставшись один, он не без удовольствия взглянул на свою постель, которая была почти до потолка.
- Ostavšisʹ odin, on ne bez udovolʹstvija vzgljanul na svoju postelʹ, kotoraja byla počti do potolka.
- Left alone he glanced with satisfaction at his bed which almost reached the ceiling.
- (figuratively) upper limit
- (figuratively) limit in someone's development
- (aviation) roof
Declension
[edit]Declension of потоло́к (inan masc-form velar-stem accent-b reduc)
Alternative forms
[edit]- потоло́къ (potolók) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
Antonyms
[edit]- пол m (pol)
Descendants
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Verb
[edit]потоло́к • (potolók)
- masculine singular past indicative perfective of потоло́чь (potolóčʹ)
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- Russian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
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- Russian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
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- ru:Aviation
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- ru:Architecture