плута

Bulgarian

Etymology 1

Probably fossilized plural of Proto-Slavic *pluto n (“floating object”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈpɫutɐ]

Noun

плу́та • (plúta) f

(archaic, nautical) raft
(dialectal) waterlily (aquatic flower of genus Nymphaea)
Synonym: (standard) во́дна ли́лия (vódna lílija)

Declension

Declension of плу́та

	singular	plural
indefinite	плу́та plúta	плу́ти plúti
definite	плу́тата plútata	плу́тите plútite

Related terms

пла́вка (plávka), пла́вник (plávnik, “swimming flipper”)
плу́вка (plúvka, “floatie”)
плъте́в (plǎtév, “fishing float”) (dialectal)

Descendants

→ Romanian: plută

References

“плута²”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
Duridanov, I. V., Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (1996), “плута”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 5 (падѐж – пỳска), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 367

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Serbo-Croatian plȕta / плу̏та.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈpɫutɐ]

Noun

плу́та • (plúta) f

(archaic or dialectal) cork (bottle stopper)
(archaic or dialectal) piece of cork (used on a fishing line to indicate when a fish is biting)

Declension

Declension of плу́та

	singular	plural
indefinite	плу́та plúta	плу́ти plúti
definite	плу́тата plútata	плу́тите plútite

References

“плута¹”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014

Macedonian

Etymology

Borrowed from Serbo-Croatian plȕta / плу̏та.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈpɫuta]

Noun

плута • (pluta) f

cork, the bast of the cork oak

Declension

Declension of *плута*
	singular	plural
indefinite	плута (pluta)	плути (pluti)
definite unspecified	плутата (plutata)	плутите (plutite)
definite proximal	плутава (plutava)	плутиве (plutive)
definite distal	плутана (plutana)	плутине (plutine)
vocative	плуто (pluto)	плути (pluti)

Alternative forms

плуто n (pluto)

Verb

плута • (pluta) third-singular present, impf (perfective исплута)

(intransitive, stative) to float, drift

Conjugation

Conjugation of плута (imperfective, present in -а)

l-participles	imperfect	aorist	non-finite forms
masculine	плутал	—	adjectival participle	—
feminine	плутала	—	adverbial participle	плутајќи
neuter	плутало	—	verbal noun	плутање
plural	плутале	—	perfect participle	плутано
	present	imperfect	aorist	imperative
1st singular	плутам	плутав	—	—
2nd singular	плуташ	плуташе	—	плутај
3rd singular	плута	плуташе	—	—
1st plural	плутаме	плутавме	—	—
2nd plural	плутате	плутавте	—	плутајте
3rd plural	плутаат	плутаа	—	—
Compound tenses
perfect	сум плутал		present of сум (except in the 3^rd person) + imperfect l-participle
има-perfect	имам плутано		present of има + perfect participle
pluperfect	бев плутал		imperfect of сум + imperfect l-participle
има-pluperfect	имав плутано		imperfect of има + perfect participle
има-perfect reported	сум имал плутано		perfect of има + perfect participle
future	ќе плутам		ќе + present
има-future	ќе имам плутано		future of има + perfect participle
future in the past	ќе плутав		ќе + imperfect
има-future in the past	ќе имав плутано		future in the past of има + perfect participle
future reported	ќе сум плутал		ќе + imperfect l-participle
има-future reported	ќе сум имал плутано		future reported of има + perfect participle
conditional	би плутал		би + imperfect l-participle
има-conditional	би имал плутано		conditional of има + perfect participle

References

“плута” in Дигитален речник на македонскиот јазик (Digitalen rečnik na makedonskiot jazik) [Digital dictionary of the Macedonian language] − drmj.eu
Koneski, Kiril (1999) “плута”, in Правописен речник на македонскиот литературен јазик (Pravopisen rečnik na makedonskiot literaturen jazik) [Orthographic Dictionary of the Macedonian literary language] (in Macedonian), "Prosvetno delo", page 310

Russian

Pronunciation

плута́: IPA^(key): [pɫʊˈta]
плу́та: IPA^(key): [ˈpɫutə]

Noun

плута́ or плу́та • (plutá or plúta) m inan

genitive singular of плут (plut)

Serbo-Croatian

Alternative forms

плу̏то

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pluto, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *plauˀtá, from Proto-Indo-European *plowtóm, from *plewt-.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /plûta/

Noun

плу̏та f (Latin spelling plȕta)

cork, the bast of the cork oak

Declension

Declension of плута

	singular	plural
nominative	плута	плуте
genitive	плуте	плута
dative	плути	плутама
accusative	плуту	плуте
vocative	плуто	плуте
locative	плути	плутама
instrumental	плутом	плутама

Derived terms

плу̑тњӣ (“cork …”)
плу̑тња̄к (“cork oak”)
плу̀тача (“cork stopple, as to fasten boats”)
плу̏таст (“like cork”)
плу̏тав (“like cork”)

Descendants

→ Bulgarian: плу́та (plúta)
- → Romanian: plută
→ Macedonian: плута (pluta)
→ Slovene: plȕta

References

“plȕto”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2024
“плута”, in Речник српскохрватскога књижевног језика (in Serbo-Croatian), Друго фототипско издање edition, volume 4, Нови Сад, Загреб: Матица српска, Матица хрватска, 1971, published 1990, page 481