крена

See also: креня

Bulgarian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kręnǫti.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈkrɛnɐ]

Verb

кре́на • (kréna) first-singular present indicative, pf (imperfective кре́вам) (dialectal)

1. (intransitive)
   1. to move with difficulties, to trudge, to drag
   2. to be about to depart, advance
2. (transitive)
   1. to perturb, to cause [something or someone] to move or raise slightly
   2. to lift, to raise a little
3. (reflexive with се) to pass through a difficult situation, to proceed

Usage notes

• Western dialects tend to bear the meaning “to lift, to raise”.
• Eastern dialects, on the other hand, convey a meaning closer to “to struggle moving, to toil”.

Conjugation

    Conjugation of кре́на (conjugation 1.2, perfective, transitive)

participles		present active participle	past active aorist participle	past active imperfect participle	past passive participle	verbal noun	adverbial participle
masculine	indefinite	—	кре́нал, крена́л1 krénal, krenál1	кре́нел krénel	кре́нат krénat		—
	definite subject form	—	кре́налият, крена́лият1 krénalijat, krenálijat1	—	кре́натият krénatijat
	definite object form	—	кре́налия, крена́лия1 krénalija, krenálija1	—	кре́натия krénatija
feminine	indefinite	—	кре́нала, крена́ла1 krénala, krenála1	кре́нела krénela	кре́ната krénata
	definite	—	кре́налата, крена́лата1 krénalata, krenálata1	—	кре́натата krénatata
neuter	indefinite	—	кре́нало, крена́ло1 krénalo, krenálo1	кре́нело krénelo	кре́нато krénato	—
	definite	—	кре́налото, крена́лото1 krénaloto, krenáloto1	—	кре́натото krénatoto	—
plural	indefinite	—	кре́нали, крена́ли1 krénali, krenáli1	кре́нели kréneli	кре́нати krénati	—
	definite	—	кре́налите, крена́лите1 krénalite, krenálite1	—	кре́натите krénatite	—

person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present		кре́на kréna	кре́неш kréneš	кре́не kréne	кре́нем krénem	кре́нете krénete	кре́нат krénat
imperfect		кре́нех kréneh	кре́неше kréneše	кре́неше kréneše	кре́нехме krénehme	кре́нехте krénehte	кре́неха kréneha
aorist		кре́нах, крена́х1 krénah, krenáh1	кре́на, крена́1 kréna, krená1	кре́на, крена́1 kréna, krená1	кре́нахме, крена́хме1 krénahme, krenáhme1	кре́нахте, крена́хте1 krénahte, krenáhte1	кре́наха, крена́ха1 krénaha, krenáha1
future	pos.	Use ще followed by the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense
future in the past	pos.	Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense
present perfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and кре́нал/крена́л1 m, кре́нала/крена́ла1 f, кре́нало/крена́ло1 n, or кре́нали/крена́ли1 pl
past perfect		Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and кре́нал/крена́л1 m, кре́нала/крена́ла1 f, кре́нало/крена́ло1 n, or кре́нали/крена́ли1 pl
future perfect		Use the future indicative tense of съм and кре́нал/крена́л1 m, кре́нала/крена́ла1 f, кре́нало/крена́ло1 n, or кре́нали/крена́ли1 pl
future perfect in the past		Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and кре́нал/крена́л1 m, кре́нала/крена́ла1 f, кре́нало/крена́ло1 n, or кре́нали/крена́ли1 pl
renarrative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and кре́нел m, кре́нела f, кре́нело n, or кре́нели pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and кре́нал/крена́л1 m, кре́нала/крена́ла1 f, кре́нало/крена́ло1 n, or кре́нали/крена́ли1 pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and кре́нал/крена́л1 m, кре́нала/крена́ла1 f, кре́нало/крена́ло1 n, or кре́нали/крена́ли1 pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and кре́нал/крена́л1 m, кре́нала/крена́ла1 f, кре́нало/крена́ло1 n, or кре́нали/крена́ли1 pl
dubitative		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and кре́нел m, кре́нела f, кре́нело n, or кре́нели pl
aorist		Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and кре́нал/крена́л1 m, кре́нала/крена́ла1 f, кре́нало/крена́ло1 n, or кре́нали/крена́ли1 pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		none
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and кре́нал/крена́л1 m, кре́нала/крена́ла1 f, кре́нало/крена́ло1 n, or кре́нали/крена́ли1 pl
conclusive		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
present and imperfect		Use the present indicative tense of съм and кре́нел m, кре́нела f, кре́нело n, or кре́нели pl
aorist		Use the present indicative tense of съм and кре́нал/крена́л1 m, кре́нала/крена́ла1 f, кре́нало/крена́ло1 n, or кре́нали/крена́ли1 pl
future and future in the past	pos.	Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense
	neg.	Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense
present and past perfect		Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and кре́нал/крена́л1 m, кре́нала/крена́ла1 f, кре́нало/крена́ло1 n, or кре́нали/крена́ли1 pl
future perfect and future perfect in the past		Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and кре́нал/крена́л1 m, кре́нала/крена́ла1 f, кре́нало/крена́ло1 n, or кре́нали/крена́ли1 pl
conditional		аз	ти	той/тя/то	ние	вие	те
		Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and кре́нал/крена́л1 m, кре́нала/крена́ла1 f, кре́нало/крена́ло1 n, or кре́нали/крена́ли1 pl
imperative		-	ти	-	-	вие	-
			крени́ krení			крене́те krenéte

¹Dialectally marked.

Alternative forms

• кре́тна (krétna)

Related terms

• кре́там (krétam, “to trudge”)
• кре́я (kréja, “to wane, to dwindle”) (dialectal)

References

• “крена”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
• Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1979), “кревам, крена”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 2 (и – крепя̀), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 787

Russian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈkrʲenə]

Noun

кре́на • (kréna) m inan

1. genitive singular of крен (kren)