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жид

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Russian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old East Slavic жидъ (židŭ, Jew), from Proto-Slavic *židъ.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ʐɨt]
  • Audio:(file)
  • Homophones: жит
  • Rhymes: -ɨt

Noun

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жид (židm anim (genitive жида́, nominative plural жиды́, genitive plural жидо́в, feminine жидо́вка, relational adjective жидо́вский, diminutive жидо́к or жидёнок)

  1. (offensive, ethnic slur) Jew, yid, kike
    Synonyms: евре́й (jevréj), иуде́й (iudéj), жидови́н (židovín)
    • 1919 [1873], Михаил Бакунин [Mikhail Bakunin], Государственность и aнархия (Избранные сочинения М. А. Бакунина в 5-ти томах; 1), page 133-134; English translation from chapter II, in Marshall Shatz, transl., Statism and Anarchy[1], 2005:
      Должно заметить однако, что от этого австрий­ская империя сильнее не сделалась. Она утратила настоящее сосредоточие. Все немцы и жиды в империи ищут отныне своего центра в Берлине.
      Dolžno zametitʹ odnako, što ot etovo avstrij­skaja imperija silʹneje ne sdelalasʹ. Ona utratila nastojaščeje sosredotočije. Vse nemcy i židy v imperii iščut otnyne svojevo centra v Berline.
      It should be noted, however, that the Austrian Empire has not thereby made itself stronger. It has lost its real focal point. All the Germans and Yids in the empire will henceforth gravitate toward Berlin.
    • 1968, Константин Беляев [Konstantin Beljajev], Куплеты про евреев:
      И е́сли в кра́не нет воды —
      Во́ду вы́пили жиды́.
      Евре́и, евре́и, кругом одни́ евре́и...
      I jésli v kráne net vody —
      Vódu výpili židý.
      Jevréi, jevréi, krugom odní jevréi...
      If there's no water in the tap,
      The water was drunken by kikes.
      Jews, Jews, everywhere only Jews...
  2. (colloquial) niggard; miser
    Synonym: жа́дина (žádina)

Usage notes

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  • The term was originally neutral, standard in the official language up to the 19th century. In modern Russian, it has become a slur.

Declension

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Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Ingrian: žiidalain

Ukrainian

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Etymology

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From Old East Slavic жидъ (židŭ, Jew), from Proto-Slavic *židъ.

The offensive connotation of the word was influenced by such connotation in the Russian жид (žid).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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жид (žydm pers (genitive жи́да, nominative plural жиди́, genitive plural жиді́в, feminine жиді́вка, relational adjective жиді́вський)

  1. (dated, now usually offensive) Jew
    Synonym: євре́й (jevréj)

Usage notes

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  • Caution should be taken with the term. Although some people, particularly those belonging to older generations, consider it a regular, non-offensive term in Ukrainian, as it was historically, others consider it very offensive, possibly due to the Russian usage where the word is now considered offensive.

Declension

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References

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