диря
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Bulgarian
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *diřa (given as *dyřa in Gerov's dictionary).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]ди́ря • (dírja) f (diminutive ди́рка)
Declension
[edit]Declension of ди́ря
Alternative forms
[edit]- ди́ра (díra) — a-stem
Derived terms
[edit]adverbs
References
[edit]- “диря (същ.)”, in Речник на българския език (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
- “диря (1)”, in Речник на българския език (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
- Nayden Gerov (1895) “дꙑ́рꙗ”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ.[1] (in Bulgarian), volume 1, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 386
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “диря (същ.)”, in Български етимологичен речник (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 396
- “дира”, in Старобългарски речник (in Bulgarian), https://histdict.uni-sofia.bg, 2011—2024
Etymology 2
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *diriti. At least partially a causative-iterative of Etymology 1. Stang (followed by Derksen) tentatively considered a possible descend from a r-extension of Proto-Indo-European *deyH- (“to emit, to transcend?”), cognate with Lithuanian dyrė́ti (“to look out, to stare”), Latvian dairîties (“to stare, to gaze at”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]ди́ря • (dírja) first-singular present indicative, impf
- (transitive) to look for, to seek, to explore
- (ditransitive, figurative, usually with negative connotation) (+ dative pronoun) to ask for, to dare, to call out
- (transitive) to follow a trace, to trail
Conjugation
[edit] Conjugation of ди́ря (conjugation 2.1, imperfective, transitive)
participles | present active participle | past active aorist participle | past active imperfect participle | past passive participle | verbal noun | adverbial participle | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | indefinite | ди́рещ dírešt |
ди́рил, дири́л1 díril, diríl1 |
ди́рел dírel |
ди́рен díren |
ди́рейки dírejki | |
definite subject form | ди́рещият díreštijat |
ди́рилият, дири́лият1 dírilijat, dirílijat1 |
— | ди́реният dírenijat | |||
definite object form | ди́рещия díreštija |
ди́рилия, дири́лия1 dírilija, dirílija1 |
— | ди́рения dírenija | |||
feminine | indefinite | ди́реща dírešta |
ди́рила, дири́ла1 dírila, diríla1 |
ди́рела dírela |
ди́рена dírena | ||
definite | ди́рещата díreštata |
ди́рилата, дири́лата1 dírilata, dirílata1 |
— | ди́рената dírenata | |||
neuter | indefinite | ди́рещо dírešto |
ди́рило, дири́ло1 dírilo, dirílo1 |
ди́рело dírelo |
ди́рено díreno |
ди́рене dírene | |
definite | ди́рещото díreštoto |
ди́рилото, дири́лото1 díriloto, diríloto1 |
— | ди́реното dírenoto |
ди́ренето díreneto | ||
plural | indefinite | ди́рещи dírešti |
ди́рили, дири́ли1 dírili, diríli1 |
ди́рели díreli |
ди́рени díreni |
ди́рения, ди́ренета dírenija, díreneta | |
definite | ди́рещите díreštite |
ди́рилите, дири́лите1 dírilite, dirílite1 |
— | ди́рените dírenite |
ди́ренията, ди́ренетата dírenijata, dírenetata |
person | singular | plural | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
present | ди́ря dírja |
ди́риш díriš |
ди́ри díri |
ди́рим dírim |
ди́рите dírite |
ди́рят dírjat | |
imperfect | ди́рех díreh |
ди́реше díreše |
ди́реше díreše |
ди́рехме dírehme |
ди́рехте dírehte |
ди́реха díreha | |
aorist | ди́рих, дири́х1 dírih, diríh1 |
ди́ри, дири́1 díri, dirí1 |
ди́ри, дири́1 díri, dirí1 |
ди́рихме, дири́хме1 dírihme, diríhme1 |
ди́рихте, дири́хте1 dírihte, diríhte1 |
ди́риха, дири́ха1 díriha, diríha1 | |
future | pos. | Use ще followed by the present indicative tense | |||||
neg. | Use ня́ма да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
future in the past | pos. | Use the imperfect indicative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
neg. | Use ня́маше да followed by the present indicative tense | ||||||
present perfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and ди́рил/дири́л1 m, ди́рила/дири́ла1 f, ди́рило/дири́ло1 n, or ди́рили/дири́ли1 pl | ||||||
past perfect | Use the imperfect indicative tense of съм and ди́рил/дири́л1 m, ди́рила/дири́ла1 f, ди́рило/дири́ло1 n, or ди́рили/дири́ли1 pl | ||||||
future perfect | Use the future indicative tense of съм and ди́рил/дири́л1 m, ди́рила/дири́ла1 f, ди́рило/дири́ло1 n, or ди́рили/дири́ли1 pl | ||||||
future perfect in the past | Use the future in the past indicative tense of съм and ди́рил/дири́л1 m, ди́рила/дири́ла1 f, ди́рило/дири́ло1 n, or ди́рили/дири́ли1 pl | ||||||
renarrative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and ди́рел m, ди́рела f, ди́рело n, or ди́рели pl | ||||||
aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм (leave it out in third person) and ди́рил/дири́л1 m, ди́рила/дири́ла1 f, ди́рило/дири́ло1 n, or ди́рили/дири́ли1 pl | ||||||
future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
neg. | Use ня́мало да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and ди́рил/дири́л1 m, ди́рила/дири́ла1 f, ди́рило/дири́ло1 n, or ди́рили/дири́ли1 pl | ||||||
future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past renarrative tense of съм and ди́рил/дири́л1 m, ди́рила/дири́ла1 f, ди́рило/дири́ло1 n, or ди́рили/дири́ли1 pl | ||||||
dubitative | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
present and imperfect | Use the present/imperfect renarrative tense of съм and ди́рел m, ди́рела f, ди́рело n, or ди́рели pl | ||||||
aorist | Use the aorist renarrative tense of съм and ди́рил/дири́л1 m, ди́рила/дири́ла1 f, ди́рило/дири́ло1 n, or ди́рили/дири́ли1 pl | ||||||
future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect dubitative tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
neg. | Use ня́мало било́ да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
present and past perfect | none
| ||||||
future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past dubitative tense of съм and ди́рил/дири́л1 m, ди́рила/дири́ла1 f, ди́рило/дири́ло1 n, or ди́рили/дири́ли1 pl | ||||||
conclusive | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
present and imperfect | Use the present indicative tense of съм and ди́рел m, ди́рела f, ди́рело n, or ди́рели pl | ||||||
aorist | Use the present indicative tense of съм and ди́рил/дири́л1 m, ди́рила/дири́ла1 f, ди́рило/дири́ло1 n, or ди́рили/дири́ли1 pl | ||||||
future and future in the past | pos. | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of ща followed by да and the present indicative tense | |||||
neg. | Use ня́мало е да and the present indicative tense | ||||||
present and past perfect | Use the present/imperfect conclusive tense of съм and ди́рил/дири́л1 m, ди́рила/дири́ла1 f, ди́рило/дири́ло1 n, or ди́рили/дири́ли1 pl | ||||||
future perfect and future perfect in the past | Use the future/future in the past conclusive tense of съм and ди́рил/дири́л1 m, ди́рила/дири́ла1 f, ди́рило/дири́ло1 n, or ди́рили/дири́ли1 pl | ||||||
conditional | аз | ти | той/тя/то | ние | вие | те | |
Use the first aorist indicative tense of бъ́да and ди́рил/дири́л1 m, ди́рила/дири́ла1 f, ди́рило/дири́ло1 n, or ди́рили/дири́ли1 pl | |||||||
imperative | - | ти | - | - | вие | - | |
дири́ dirí |
дире́те diréte |
1Dialectally marked.
Derived terms
[edit]verbs
- доди́ря pf (dodírja), доди́рвам impf (dodírvam), доди́рям impf (dodírjam)
- зади́ря pf (zadírja), зади́рвам impf (zadírvam), зади́рям impf (zadírjam)
- изди́ря pf (izdírja), изди́рвам impf (izdírvam), изди́рям impf (izdírjam)
- преди́ря pf (predírja), преди́рвам impf (predírvam), преди́рям impf (predírjam)
- приди́ря pf (pridírja), приди́рвам impf (pridírvam), приди́рям impf (pridírjam)
- разди́ря pf (razdírja), разди́рвам impf (razdírvam), разди́рям impf (razdírjam)
nouns
References
[edit]- “диря (гл.)”, in Речник на българския език (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
- “диря (2)”, in Речник на българския език (in Bulgarian), Chitanka, 2010
- Nayden Gerov (1895) “дꙑ́рѭ, -ишь; -ри́лъ”, in Рѣчникъ на Блъгарскꙑй язꙑкъ. Съ тлъкувание рѣчи-тꙑ на Блъгарскꙑ и на Русскꙑ.[2] (in Bulgarian), volume 1, Plovdiv: Дружествена печꙗтница "Съгласие.", page 386
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “диря (гл.)”, in Български етимологичен речник (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 396
Categories:
- Bulgarian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Bulgarian terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Bulgarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Bulgarian lemmas
- Bulgarian nouns
- Bulgarian feminine nouns
- Bulgarian terms with usage examples
- Bulgarian verbs
- Bulgarian imperfective verbs
- Bulgarian transitive verbs
- Bulgarian ditransitive verbs
- Bulgarian conjugation 2.1 verbs