градъ
Appearance
Old Church Slavonic
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gȏrdъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *gárdas, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰordʰ-os, from *gʰerdʰ-. Cognate with English yard.
Noun
[edit]градъ • (gradŭ) m (diminutive градьць, related adjective градьнъ or градьскъ)
- town, city (settlement)
- Synonym: остоꙗниѥ (ostojanije)
- без града ― bez grada ― (a man) without home
- вьсь и градъ ― vĭsĭ i gradŭ ― village and town/city
- икониискъ градъ ― ikoniiskŭ gradŭ ― city of Konya/Iconium
- исаѵрьскъ градъ ― isavrĭskŭ gradŭ ― city of Isauria
- константин҄ь градъ ― konstantinʹĭ gradŭ ― city of Constantinople
- ник҄еискъ градъ ― nikʹeiskŭ gradŭ ― city of Nicaea
- римьскъ градъ ― rimĭskŭ gradŭ ― Roman town/city
- поустъ градъ ― pustŭ gradŭ ― abandoned town/city
- цѣсарь градъ ― cěsarĭ gradŭ ― imperial seat
- 11th century, Codex Marianus (in Glagolitic), Gospel of Matthew 9:35:
- ῾Ⰺ ⱂⱃⱁⱈⱁⰶⰴⰰⱎⰵ ⰻⱄ҃ⱏ ⰳⱃⰰⰴⱏⰹ ⰲⱐⱄⱔ ⰻ ⰲⱐⱄⰻ ·
- [῾Ꙇ прохождаше ис҃ъ градꙑ вьсѧ и вьси ·]
- ῾I proxoždaše is:ŭ grady vĭsę i vĭsi ·
- And Jesus went through all the towns and villages
- 11th century, Psalterium Sinaiticum (in Glagolitic), Book of Psalms 106:7:
- (please add the Glagolitic text of this quotation)
- [наведе ѩ на пѫтъ правъ • въніті въ градъ обитѣльнъи]
- navede ję na pǫtŭ pravŭ • vŭniti vŭ gradŭ obitělĭny
- he led them by a straight way to an inhabited city
- town, city (people living in town, city)
- 11th century, Codex Marianus (in Glagolitic), Gospel of Matthew 8:34:
- ⰺ ⱄⰵ ⰲⰵⱄⱐ ⰳⱃⰰⰴⱏ ⰻⰸⰻⰴⱘ ⱂⱃⱁⱅⰻⰲⱘ ⰻⱄ҃ⰲⰻ ·
- [ꙇ се весь градъ изидѫ противѫ ис҃ви]
- i se vesĭ gradŭ izidǫ protivǫ is:vi
- Then the whole town went out to meet Jesus
- city walls
- 11th century, Retko, Codex Suprasliensis (in Old Cyrillic), page 204, line 9:
- саторнинъ же имѣаше село вьнѣ града
- satorninŭ že iměaše selo vĭně grada
- that Saturninus had a village outside of the city walls
- garden, park (outdoor area containing one or more types of plants)
- Synonym: врьтъ (vrĭtŭ)
- 11th century, Sava's book (in Old Cyrillic), Gospel of John 18:26:
- не азъ ли тѧ видѣхъ въ градѣ
- ne azŭ li tę viděxŭ vŭ gradě
- Didn’t I see you in the garden?
- 11th century, Retko, Codex Suprasliensis (in Old Cyrillic), page 301, line 11:
- ꙗкоже въ градѣ ни смокꙑ бѫдетъ· ни дѫбъ никакъже многꙑѧ ради топлотꙑ и соухотꙑ·
- jakože vŭ gradě ni smoky bǫdetŭ· ni dǫbŭ nikakŭže mnogyę radi toploty i suxoty·
- that in the garden there will be no figs or any trees because of the great heat and dryness
Declension
[edit]Declension of градъ (o-stem)
singular | dual | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
nominative | градъ gradŭ |
града grada |
гради gradi |
genitive | града grada |
градоу gradu |
градъ gradŭ |
dative | градоу gradu |
градома gradoma |
градомъ gradomŭ |
accusative | градъ gradŭ |
града grada |
градꙑ grady |
instrumental | градомъ gradomŭ |
градома gradoma |
градꙑ grady |
locative | градѣ gradě |
градоу gradu |
градѣхъ graděxŭ |
vocative | граде grade |
града grada |
гради gradi |
Alternative forms
[edit]- ⰳⱃⰰⰴⱏ (gradŭ) — Glagolitic
Derived terms
[edit]nouns
- възграждениѥ (vŭzgraždenije)
- градьникъ (gradĭnikŭ)
- ограда (ograda)
- приградъ (prigradŭ)
- свѧтъ градъ (svętŭ gradŭ)
verbs
- възградити pf (vŭzgraditi)
- възграждати impf (vŭzgraždati)
- градити impf (graditi)
- заградити pf (zagraditi)
- оградити pf (ograditi)
adjectives
- заградьнъ (zagradĭnŭ)
adverbs
- градьскꙑ (gradĭsky)
Descendants
[edit]- Bulgarian: град (grad)
- Macedonian: град (grad)
- → Old East Slavic: градъ (gradŭ)
- → Old Novgorodian: граде (grade)
References
[edit]- “градъ1”, in GORAZD (overall work in Czech, English, and Russian), http://gorazd.org, 2016—2024
- Havlová, Eva, editor (1994), “gradъ1”, in Etymologický slovník jazyka staroslověnského [Etymological Dictionary of the Old Church Slavonic Language] (in Czech), numbers 4 (gostь – istonǫti), Prague: Academia, →ISBN, page 198
Etymology 2
[edit]Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gràdъ, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰreh₃d-. Cognate with Latin grandō, Lithuanian grúodas and Old Armenian կարկուտ (karkut).
Noun
[edit]градъ • (gradŭ) m
- (meteorology) hail (balls or pieces of ice falling as precipitation)
- 11th century, Psalterium Sinaiticum (in Glagolitic), Book of Psalms 77:47:
- (please add the Glagolitic text of this quotation)
- [ꙇзбі градомь віна ꙇхъ]
- izbi gradomĭ vina ixŭ
- he destroyed their vineyards with hail
Declension
[edit]Declension of градъ (o-stem)
Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- “градъ2”, in GORAZD (overall work in Czech, English, and Russian), http://gorazd.org, 2016—2024
- Havlová, Eva, editor (1994), “gradъ2”, in Etymologický slovník jazyka staroslověnského [Etymological Dictionary of the Old Church Slavonic Language] (in Czech), numbers 4 (gostь – istonǫti), Prague: Academia, →ISBN, page 199
Categories:
- Old Church Slavonic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Church Slavonic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Church Slavonic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʰerdʰ-
- Old Church Slavonic terms inherited from Proto-Slavic
- Old Church Slavonic terms derived from Proto-Slavic
- Old Church Slavonic terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Old Church Slavonic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic
- Old Church Slavonic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Church Slavonic lemmas
- Old Church Slavonic nouns
- Old Church Slavonic masculine nouns
- Old Church Slavonic terms with collocations
- Old Church Slavonic terms with quotations
- Old Church Slavonic hard o-stem nouns
- Old Church Slavonic hard masculine o-stem nouns
- cu:Meteorology
- Old Church Slavonic singularia tantum
- cu:Towns
- cu:Cities
- cu:Places
- cu:Atmospheric phenomena
- cu:Ice
- cu:Weather