φωλεός

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• φωλεά (phōleá)

Etymology

The formation is similar to γωλεός (gōleós), εἰλεός (eileós) and στελεός (steleós). Frisk connects the word with Old Norse ból (“layer, nest of animals”) but this theory is now rejected. Beekes suggests a Pre-Greek origin in view of the ending -εος (-eos), as well as its late attestation.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /pʰɔː.le.ós/ → /ɸo.leˈos/ → /fo.leˈos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pʰɔː.le.ós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /pʰo.leˈos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ɸo.leˈos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /fo.leˈos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /fo.leˈos/

Noun

φωλεός • (phōleós) m (genitive φωλεοῦ); second declension

1. den, lair
2. schoolhouse

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ φωλεός; τοῦ φωλεοῦ (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ φωλεός ho phōleós	τὼ φωλεώ tṑ phōleṓ	οἱ φωλεοί hoi phōleoí
Genitive	τοῦ φωλεοῦ toû phōleoû	τοῖν φωλεοῖν toîn phōleoîn	τῶν φωλεῶν tôn phōleôn
Dative	τῷ φωλεῷ tôi phōleôi	τοῖν φωλεοῖν toîn phōleoîn	τοῖς φωλεοῖς toîs phōleoîs
Accusative	τὸν φωλεόν tòn phōleón	τὼ φωλεώ tṑ phōleṓ	τοὺς φωλεούς toùs phōleoús
Vocative	φωλεέ phōleé	φωλεώ phōleṓ	φωλεοί phōleoí
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• φωλεά (phōleá)
• φωλεία (phōleía)
• φώλευσις (phṓleusis)
• φωλευτέον (phōleutéon)
• φωλεύω (phōleúō)
• φωλέω (phōléō)
• φωλεώδης (phōleṓdēs)
• φωλητήρ (phōlētḗr)
• φωλητήριον (phōlētḗrion)
• φωλίον (phōlíon)

 

Descendants

• Greek: φωλιά (foliá)
• Pontic Greek: φωλέα (foléa)
• ⇒ Byzantine Greek: [Term?] (“nest egg”)
  • Greek: φώλι (fóli, “nest egg”)
  • Pontic Greek: φώλ' (fól', “nest egg”)
  • → Old Anatolian Turkish: (“nest egg”)
    • → Azerbaijani: fal, fala
      • → Georgian: ფალ (pal) — Ingilo
    • → Ottoman Turkish: فول (fol)
      • Turkish: fol, fala, hal, hol, höl, holu (dialectal)
    • ⇒ Old Anatolian Turkish: [script needed] (follıḳ) (in Lügat-ı Halîmî)
  • ⇒ Byzantine Greek: [Term?] (“nest egg”) (prefixed with ἀπο- (apo-))
    • Greek: αποφώλι (apofóli)
    • Pontic Greek: πιφώλι (pifóli), πιφώλ' (pifól') — Ophitic
      • → Laz: პიჶოლი (p̌ifoli), კიჶოლი (ǩifoli), კუჶოლი (ǩufoli)
      • → Turkish: pifoli — Rize

Further reading

• “φωλεός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “φωλεός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• φωλεός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette