τρίναξ

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Traditionally derived from τρῐ- (tri-, three) +‎ ἀκή (akḗ, “point, extremity”). However, Furnée compares θρῖναξ (thrînax, “three-pronged fork”), suggesting a Pre-Greek origin, in view of the variation θρι-/τρι- and the typical substrate suffix -ᾰξ.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /trí.naks/ → /ˈtri.naks/ → /ˈtri.naks/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /trí.naks/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈtri.naks/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈtri.naks/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈtri.naks/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈtri.naks/

Noun

τρῐ́νᾰξ • (trínax) f (genitive τρῐ́νᾰκος); third declension

1. three-pronged mattock

Inflection

Third declension of ἡ τρῐ́νᾰξ; τῆς τρῐ́νᾰκος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ τρῐ́νᾰξ hē trínax	τὼ τρῐ́νᾰκε tṑ trínake	αἱ τρῐ́νᾰκες hai trínakes
Genitive	τῆς τρῐ́νᾰκος tês trínakos	τοῖν τρῐνᾰ́κοιν toîn trinákoin	τῶν τρῐνᾰ́κων tôn trinákōn
Dative	τῇ τρῐ́νᾰκῐ têi trínaki	τοῖν τρῐνᾰ́κοιν toîn trinákoin	ταῖς τρῐ́νᾰξῐ / τρῐ́νᾰξῐν taîs trínaxi(n)
Accusative	τὴν τρῐ́νᾰκᾰ tḕn trínaka	τὼ τρῐ́νᾰκε tṑ trínake	τᾱ̀ς τρῐ́νᾰκᾰς tā̀s trínakas
Vocative	τρῐ́νᾰξ trínax	τρῐ́νᾰκε trínake	τρῐ́νᾰκες trínakes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Further reading

• “τρίναξ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• τρίναξ in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN