τρίναξ

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Traditionally derived from τρῐ- (trĭ-, three) +‎ ἀκή (akḗ, “point, extremity”). However, Furnée compares θρῖναξ (thrînax, “three-pronged fork”), suggesting a Pre-Greek origin, in view of the variation θρι-/τρι- and the typical substrate suffix -ᾰξ.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /trí.naks/ → /ˈtri.naks/ → /ˈtri.naks/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /trí.naks/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈtri.naks/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈtri.naks/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈtri.naks/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈtri.naks/

Noun

τρῐ́νᾰξ • (trĭ́năx) f (genitive τρῐ́νᾰκος); third declension

1. three-pronged mattock

Inflection

Third declension of ἡ τρῐ́νᾰξ; τῆς τρῐ́νᾰκος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ τρῐ́νᾰξ hē trĭ́năx	τὼ τρῐ́νᾰκε tṑ trĭ́năke	αἱ τρῐ́νᾰκες hai trĭ́năkes
Genitive	τῆς τρῐ́νᾰκος tês trĭ́năkos	τοῖν τρῐνᾰ́κοιν toîn trĭnắkoin	τῶν τρῐνᾰ́κων tôn trĭnắkōn
Dative	τῇ τρῐ́νᾰκῐ têi trĭ́năkĭ	τοῖν τρῐνᾰ́κοιν toîn trĭnắkoin	ταῖς τρῐ́νᾰξῐ / τρῐ́νᾰξῐν taîs trĭ́năxĭ(n)
Accusative	τὴν τρῐ́νᾰκᾰ tḕn trĭ́năkă	τὼ τρῐ́νᾰκε tṑ trĭ́năke	τᾱ̀ς τρῐ́νᾰκᾰς tā̀s trĭ́năkăs
Vocative	τρῐ́νᾰξ trĭ́năx	τρῐ́νᾰκε trĭ́năke	τρῐ́νᾰκες trĭ́năkes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Further reading

• “τρίναξ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• τρίναξ in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN