σφυρόν

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Conventionally connected with Proto-Indo-European *sperH-, although Pre-Greek, according to Beekes.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /spʰy.rón/ → /sɸyˈron/ → /sfiˈron/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /spʰy.rón/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /spʰyˈron/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /sɸyˈron/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /sfyˈron/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /sfiˈron/

Noun

σφῠρόν • (sphŭrón) n (genitive σφῠροῦ); second declension

1. (anatomy) ankle
2. lower part or edge, foothills of mountains

Inflection

Second declension of τὸ σφῠρόν; τοῦ σφῠροῦ (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ σφῠρόν tò sphŭrón	τὼ σφῠρώ tṑ sphŭrṓ	τᾰ̀ σφῠρᾰ́ tằ sphŭrắ
Genitive	τοῦ σφῠροῦ toû sphŭroû	τοῖν σφῠροῖν toîn sphŭroîn	τῶν σφῠρῶν tôn sphŭrôn
Dative	τῷ σφῠρῷ tôi sphŭrôi	τοῖν σφῠροῖν toîn sphŭroîn	τοῖς σφῠροῖς toîs sphŭroîs
Accusative	τὸ σφῠρόν tò sphŭrón	τὼ σφῠρώ tṑ sphŭrṓ	τᾰ̀ σφῠρᾰ́ tằ sphŭrắ
Vocative	σφῠρόν sphŭrón	σφῠρώ sphŭrṓ	σφῠρᾰ́ sphŭrắ
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• ἐπισφύριος (episphúrios)
• εὔσφυρος (eúsphuros)
• καλλίσφυρος (kallísphuros)
• λευκόσφυρος (leukósphuros)
• ῥοδόσφυρος (rhodósphuros)
• σφυρόομαι (sphuróomai)
• σφυρωτήρ (sphurōtḗr)
• τανύσφυρος (tanúsphuros)
• χλιδανόσφυρος (khlidanósphuros)

Further reading

• “σφυρόν”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• σφυρόν in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN