πῖσος

See also: πίσος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

The entry by Beekes in his Etymological Dictionary of Greek reads (in paraphrase):

"No certain etymology. Traditionally analyzed as *πῖδ-σος, related to πῖδαξ (pîdax, “spring, fountain”); this is rejected by Furnée, who takes the alternation δ/σ to point to Pre-Greek origin."

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pîː.sos/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈpi.sos/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈpi.sos/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈpi.sos/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈpi.sos/

Noun

πῖσος • (pîsos) n (genitive πῑ́σεος); third declension

(usually in the plural) meadow
Synonym: λειμών (leimṓn)
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 20.7–9:
  οὔτέ τις οὖν ποταμῶν ἀπέην νόσφ᾽ Ὠκεανοῖο,
  οὔτ᾽ ἄρα νυμφάων αἵ τ᾽ ἄλσεα καλὰ νέμονται
  καὶ πηγὰς ποταμῶν καὶ πίσεα ποιήεντα.
  oúté tis oûn potamôn apéēn nósph’ Ōkeanoîo,
  oút’ ára numpháōn haí t’ álsea kalà némontai
  kaì pēgàs potamôn kaì písea poiḗenta.
  And there was not a river that did not come, except Oceanus,
  nor [any] of the nymphs, who inhabit the beautiful groves
  and sources of rivers and grassy meadows.

Inflection

Third declension of τὸ πῖσος; τοῦ πῑ́σεος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ πῖσος tò pîsos	τὼ πῑ́σεε tṑ pī́see	τᾰ̀ πῑ́σεᾰ tằ pī́seă
Genitive	τοῦ πῑ́σεος toû pī́seos	τοῖν πῑσέοιν toîn pīséoin	τῶν πῑσέων tôn pīséōn
Dative	τῷ πῑ́σεῐ̈ tôi pī́seĭ̈	τοῖν πῑσέοιν toîn pīséoin	τοῖς πῑ́σεσῐ / πῑ́σεσῐν toîs pī́sesĭ(n)
Accusative	τὸ πῖσος tò pîsos	τὼ πῑ́σεε tṑ pī́see	τᾰ̀ πῑ́σεᾰ tằ pī́seă
Vocative	πῖσος pîsos	πῑ́σεε pī́see	πῑ́σεᾰ pī́seă
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

πῑσεύς (pīseús)

“πῖσος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“πῖσος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
“πῖσος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
πῖσος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
πῖσος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “πῖσος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1197