ὀδούς

See also: οδούς and ὁδούς

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• ὀδών (odṓn) — Ionic
• ἔδοντες pl (édontes) — Aeolic

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *odónts, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃dónts (“tooth”). Cognates include Sanskrit दत् (dát), Latin dēns, and Old English tōþ (English tooth).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /o.dǔːs/ → /oˈðus/ → /oˈðus/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /o.dǔːs/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /oˈdus/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /oˈðus/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /oˈðus/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /oˈðus/

Noun

ὀδούς • (odoús) m (genitive ὀδόντος); third declension

1. A tooth, tusk
2. anything pointed: spike, prong
3. the second vertebra (so called because of its shape)

Declension

Third declension of ὁ ὀδούς; τοῦ ὀδόντος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ ὀδούς ho odoús	τὼ ὀδόντε tṑ odónte	οἱ ὀδόντες hoi odóntes
Genitive	τοῦ ὀδόντος toû odóntos	τοῖν ὀδόντοιν toîn odóntoin	τῶν ὀδόντων tôn odóntōn
Dative	τῷ ὀδόντῐ tôi odónti	τοῖν ὀδόντοιν toîn odóntoin	τοῖς ὀδοῦσῐ / ὀδοῦσῐν toîs odoûsi(n)
Accusative	τὸν ὀδόντᾰ tòn odónta	τὼ ὀδόντε tṑ odónte	τοὺς ὀδόντᾰς toùs odóntas
Vocative	ὀδόν odón	ὀδόντε odónte	ὀδόντες odóntes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• κῠνόδους (kunódous)
• νωδός (nōdós)
• ὀδοντάγρα (odontágra)
• τριόδους (triódous)

 

Descendants

• Greek: δόντι (dónti) (from diminutive *ὀδόντιον (*odóntion))
• Mariupol Greek: дъонд (ðond) (from diminutive *ὀδόντιον (*odóntion))
• → English: -odont, -odontia, odonto-

References

• “ὀδούς”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ὀδούς”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “ὀδούς”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• ὀδούς in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
• ὀδούς in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• “ὀδούς”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• G3599 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • fang idem, page 306.
  • tooth idem, page 880.
  • tusk idem, page 903.
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN