νεαρός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *newr̥ós. Related to Proto-Indo-European *néwos (“new”), whence νέος (néos, “new”). Cognates include Old Armenian նոր (nor) and Latin noverca.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ne.a.rós/ → /ne.aˈros/ → /ne.aˈros/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ne.a.rós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ne.aˈros/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ne.aˈros/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ne.aˈros/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ne.aˈros/

Adjective

νεᾰρός • (neărós) m (feminine νεᾰρᾱ́, neuter νεᾰρόν); first/second declension

1. young, youthful
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 2.289
   1. (of things) new, fresh
      • Hesiodus, Fragmenta 34
   2. (of events) new, recent
      • 442 BCE, Sophocles, Antigone 156
   3. (feminine plural substantive) the novellae in the Code of Justinian

Declension

First and second declension of νεαρός; νεαρᾱ́; νεαρόν (Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		νεαρός nearós	νεαρᾱ́ nearā́	νεαρόν nearón		νεαρώ nearṓ	νεαρᾱ́ nearā́	νεαρώ nearṓ		νεαροί nearoí	νεαραί nearaí	νεαρᾰ́ nearắ
Genitive		νεαροῦ nearoû	νεαρᾶς nearâs	νεαροῦ nearoû		νεαροῖν nearoîn	νεαραῖν nearaîn	νεαροῖν nearoîn		νεαρῶν nearôn	νεαρῶν nearôn	νεαρῶν nearôn
Dative		νεαρῷ nearôi	νεαρᾷ nearâi	νεαρῷ nearôi		νεαροῖν nearoîn	νεαραῖν nearaîn	νεαροῖν nearoîn		νεαροῖς nearoîs	νεαραῖς nearaîs	νεαροῖς nearoîs
Accusative		νεαρόν nearón	νεαρᾱ́ν nearā́n	νεαρόν nearón		νεαρώ nearṓ	νεαρᾱ́ nearā́	νεαρώ nearṓ		νεαρούς nearoús	νεαρᾱ́ς nearā́s	νεαρᾰ́ nearắ
Vocative		νεαρέ nearé	νεαρᾱ́ nearā́	νεαρόν nearón		νεαρώ nearṓ	νεαρᾱ́ nearā́	νεαρώ nearṓ		νεαροί nearoí	νεαραί nearaí	νεαρᾰ́ nearắ
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		νεαρῶς nearôs				νεαρότερος nearóteros				νεαρότᾰτος nearótătos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Synonyms

• νέος (néos)

Descendants

• Greek: νεαρός (nearós), νερό (neró)
• Italiot Greek: nerò
• Mariupol Greek: нэро́ (neró), неро́ (njeró), ныро́ (nyró)
• Pontic Greek: νερόν (nerón)

Further reading

• “νεαρός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “νεαρός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “νεαρός”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• νεαρός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• νεαρός in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• “νεαρός”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter

Greek

Etymology

Inherited from Ancient Greek νεᾰρός (neărós).

Adjective

νεαρός • (nearós) m (feminine νεαρή, neuter νεαρό)

1. young, youthful

Declension

Declension of νεαρός

	singular				plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	νεαρός (nearós)	νεαρή (nearí)	νεαρό (nearó)		νεαροί (nearoí)	νεαρές (nearés)	νεαρά (neará)
genitive	νεαρού (nearoú)	νεαρής (nearís)	νεαρού (nearoú)		νεαρών (nearón)	νεαρών (nearón)	νεαρών (nearón)
accusative	νεαρό (nearó)	νεαρή (nearí)	νεαρό (nearó)		νεαρούς (nearoús)	νεαρές (nearés)	νεαρά (neará)
vocative	νεαρέ (nearé)	νεαρή (nearí)	νεαρό (nearó)		νεαροί (nearoí)	νεαρές (nearés)	νεαρά (neará)

Derivations:
Comparative: πιο + positive forms (e.g. πιο νεαρός, etc.)
Relative superlative: definite article + πιο + positive forms (e.g. ο πιο νεαρός, etc.)

Degrees of comparison by suffixation

comparative (?) singular plural masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter nominative νεαρότερος (nearóteros) νεαρότερη (nearóteri) νεαρότερο (nearótero) νεαρότεροι (nearóteroi) νεαρότερες (nearóteres) νεαρότερα (nearótera) genitive νεαρότερου (nearóterou) νεαρότερης (nearóteris) νεαρότερου (nearóterou) νεαρότερων (nearóteron) νεαρότερων (nearóteron) νεαρότερων (nearóteron) accusative νεαρότερο (nearótero) νεαρότερη (nearóteri) νεαρότερο (nearótero) νεαρότερους (nearóterous) νεαρότερες (nearóteres) νεαρότερα (nearótera) vocative νεαρότερε (nearótere) νεαρότερη (nearóteri) νεαρότερο (nearótero) νεαρότεροι (nearóteroi) νεαρότερες (nearóteres) νεαρότερα (nearótera) Derivations: relative superlative: ο + comparative forms (eg "ο νεαρότερος", etc) absolute superlative (?) singular plural masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter nominative νεαρότατος (nearótatos) νεαρότατη (nearótati) νεαρότατο (nearótato) νεαρότατοι (nearótatoi) νεαρότατες (nearótates) νεαρότατα (nearótata) genitive νεαρότατου (nearótatou) νεαρότατης (nearótatis) νεαρότατου (nearótatou) νεαρότατων (nearótaton) νεαρότατων (nearótaton) νεαρότατων (nearótaton) accusative νεαρότατο (nearótato) νεαρότατη (nearótati) νεαρότατο (nearótato) νεαρότατους (nearótatous) νεαρότατες (nearótates) νεαρότατα (nearótata) vocative νεαρότατε (nearótate) νεαρότατη (nearótati) νεαρότατο (nearótato) νεαρότατοι (nearótatoi) νεαρότατες (nearótates) νεαρότατα (nearótata)

Synonyms

• νέος (néos, “youthful, modern, new”)

Further reading

• νεαρός, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language