μονογενής

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• μουνογενής (mounogenḗs) — Epic, Ionic

Etymology

μόνος (mónos, “only”) +‎ -γενής (-genḗs, “of a kind”)

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /mo.no.ɡe.nɛ̌ːs/ → /mo.no.ʝeˈnis/ → /mo.no.ʝeˈnis/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /mo.no.ɡe.nɛ̌ːs/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /mo.no.ɡeˈne̝s/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /mo.no.ʝeˈnis/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /mo.no.ʝeˈnis/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /mo.no.ʝeˈnis/

Adjective

μονογενής • (monogenḗs) m or f (neuter μονογενές); third declension

1. being the only member of a kin or kind
   1. (Christianity, of Christ) only-begotten of the Father
      • 50 CE – 100 CE, The Gospel of John 1:18
2. only, single
   • Ant., Lib. 32.1
3. unique
   • 360 BCE, Plato, Timaeus 31b
   • 412 CE – 485 CE, Proclus, Elements of Theology 22
4. (grammar) having one form for all genders
   • 50 CE – 250 CE, Apollonius Dyscolus, On Adverbs 145.18
5. (poetry, substantive) a metrical foot of four syllables (— — — ⏑), fourth epitrite (Can we clean up⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)
   • Hephaestio, Collected Works 3.3

; (as adverb) (Can we clean up⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)

1. only
   • Peripl.M.Rubr. 56
2. in a unique manner
   • 400 CE – 600 CE, Aëtius, Sixteen Books on Medicine 15.13
     15.14

Declension

Third declension of μονογενής; μονογενές (contracted, Attic)

Number		Singular			Dual			Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter		Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		μονογενής monogenḗs	μονογενές monogenés		μονογενεῖ monogeneî	μονογενεῖ monogeneî		μονογενεῖς monogeneîs	μονογενῆ monogenê
Genitive		μονογενοῦς monogenoûs	μονογενοῦς monogenoûs		μονογενοῖν monogenoîn	μονογενοῖν monogenoîn		μονογενῶν monogenôn	μονογενῶν monogenôn
Dative		μονογενεῖ monogeneî	μονογενεῖ monogeneî		μονογενοῖν monogenoîn	μονογενοῖν monogenoîn		μονογενέσῐ / μονογενέσῐν monogenésĭ(n)	μονογενέσῐ / μονογενέσῐν monogenésĭ(n)
Accusative		μονογενῆ monogenê	μονογενές monogenés		μονογενεῖ monogeneî	μονογενεῖ monogeneî		μονογενεῖς monogeneîs	μονογενῆ monogenê
Vocative		μονογενές monogenés	μονογενές monogenés		μονογενεῖ monogeneî	μονογενεῖ monogeneî		μονογενεῖς monogeneîs	μονογενῆ monogenê
Derived forms		Adverb			Comparative			Superlative
		μονογενῶς monogenôs			μονογενέστερος monogenésteros			μονογενέστᾰτος monogenéstătos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Synonyms

• (foot): ἐπίτριτος τέταρτος (epítritos tétartos, “fourth epitrite”)

Derived terms

• μονογένειᾰ (monogéneiă)
• μονογένειον (monogéneion) (Byzantine)
• μονογενητής (monogenētḗs) (Byzantine)
• μονογενητῐκός (monogenētĭkós) (Byzantine)
• μονογεννητός (monogennētós) (Byzantine)
• μονογεννήτριᾰ (monogennḗtriă) (Byzantine)
• μονογεννήτωρ (monogennḗtōr) (Byzantine)
• μονογενῶς (monogenôs) (Byzantine)

Descendants

• → German: Monogenes m
• → Gothic: 𐌰𐌹𐌽𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌿𐍂 (ainabaur) (calque)
• → Latin: Monogenēs
• → Latin: unigenitus (calque)
  • → English: only-begotten (calque)
  • → German: eingeboren (calque)
  • → Italian: unigenito
  • → Portuguese: unigénito, unigênito
  • → Spanish: unigénito

References

• “μονογενής”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “μονογενής”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• μονογενής in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• G3439 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • only-begotten idem, page 574.