μαρασμός
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Ancient Greek
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Probably from Proto-Indo-European *mer- (“to die, disappear”) and Ancient Greek -μός (-mós, action noun suffix), related to μᾰραίνω (maraínō, “to quench; to waste, wither”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /ma.raz.mós/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ma.razˈmos/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ma.razˈmos/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ma.razˈmos/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ma.razˈmos/
Noun
[edit]μᾰρᾰσμός • (marasmós) m (genitive μᾰρᾰσμοῦ); second declension
- Synonym of μᾰ́ρᾰνσῐς (máransis): withering, wasting away, especially from senescent decay
- 129 CE – 216 CE, Galen, Collected Works 7.666–667:
- Μαρασμός ἐστι φθορὰ ζῶντος σώματος ἐπὶ ξηρότητι. […] οὕτω δὲ καὶ αὐτὸς ὁ μαρασμὸς ὁ μὲν παρὰ τὸ μεμαράνθαι λέγοιτ' ἂν, ὁ δὲ παρὰ τὸ μαραίνεσθαι, περὶ οὗ νῦν ὁ λόγος ἐστίν. ἐπεὶ δὲ ζῶντος σώματος ἔφαμεν εἶναι φθορὰν τὸν μαρασμὸν, ἔστι δὲ τρία γένη τῶν ζώντων, ζῶα, φυτὰ καὶ σπέρματα, καὶ διὰ ταῦτα καὶ οἱ καρποὶ, τούτων ἂν εἶναι πάθος τὸν μαρασμὸν ἑρμηνεύοντες κυρίως, ἐκ μεταφορᾶς δὲ ἤδη καὶ τὰς ἀλλὰς φθορὰς, ὅσαι γίνονται διὰ ξηρότητος, μαρασμὸν ὀνομάζουσιν.
- Marasmós esti phthorà zôntos sṓmatos epì xērótēti. […] hoútō dè kaì autòs ho marasmòs ho mèn parà tò memaránthai légoit' àn, ho dè parà tò maraínesthai, perì hoû nûn ho lógos estín. epeì dè zôntos sṓmatos éphamen eînai phthoràn tòn marasmòn, ésti dè tría génē tôn zṓntōn, zôa, phutà kaì spérmata, kaì dià taûta kaì hoi karpoì, toútōn àn eînai páthos tòn marasmòn hermēneúontes kuríōs, ek metaphorâs dè ḗdē kaì tàs allàs phthoràs, hósai gínontai dià xērótētos, marasmòn onomázousin.
- Μαρασμός ἐστι φθορὰ ζῶντος σώματος ἐπὶ ξηρότητι. […] οὕτω δὲ καὶ αὐτὸς ὁ μαρασμὸς ὁ μὲν παρὰ τὸ μεμαράνθαι λέγοιτ' ἂν, ὁ δὲ παρὰ τὸ μαραίνεσθαι, περὶ οὗ νῦν ὁ λόγος ἐστίν. ἐπεὶ δὲ ζῶντος σώματος ἔφαμεν εἶναι φθορὰν τὸν μαρασμὸν, ἔστι δὲ τρία γένη τῶν ζώντων, ζῶα, φυτὰ καὶ σπέρματα, καὶ διὰ ταῦτα καὶ οἱ καρποὶ, τούτων ἂν εἶναι πάθος τὸν μαρασμὸν ἑρμηνεύοντες κυρίως, ἐκ μεταφορᾶς δὲ ἤδη καὶ τὰς ἀλλὰς φθορὰς, ὅσαι γίνονται διὰ ξηρότητος, μαρασμὸν ὀνομάζουσιν.
Declension
[edit]Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ὁ μᾰρᾰσμός ho marasmós |
τὼ μᾰρᾰσμώ tṑ marasmṓ |
οἱ μᾰρᾰσμοί hoi marasmoí | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ μᾰρᾰσμοῦ toû marasmoû |
τοῖν μᾰρᾰσμοῖν toîn marasmoîn |
τῶν μᾰρᾰσμῶν tôn marasmôn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ μᾰρᾰσμῷ tôi marasmôi |
τοῖν μᾰρᾰσμοῖν toîn marasmoîn |
τοῖς μᾰρᾰσμοῖς toîs marasmoîs | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸν μᾰρᾰσμόν tòn marasmón |
τὼ μᾰρᾰσμώ tṑ marasmṓ |
τοὺς μᾰρᾰσμούς toùs marasmoús | ||||||||||
Vocative | μᾰρᾰσμέ marasmé |
μᾰρᾰσμώ marasmṓ |
μᾰρᾰσμοί marasmoí | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Derived terms
[edit]- μᾰρᾰσμώδης (marasmṓdēs, adjective)
Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- “μᾰρασμός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- μαρασμός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Pape, Wilhelm, Benseler, Gustav Eduard (1884) “μαρασμός”, in Wörterbuch der griechischen Eigennamen (in German), 3rd edition, Braunschweig: Friedrich Vieweg und Sohn
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek terms suffixed with -μός
- Ancient Greek 3-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek nouns
- Ancient Greek oxytone terms
- Ancient Greek masculine nouns
- Ancient Greek second-declension nouns
- Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension
- Ancient Greek terms with quotations