λύθρον

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• λύθρος (lúthros)

Etymology

Cognate to Sanskrit रुधिर (rúdhira, “blood, gore”); the color homophone is coincidental. (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /lý.tʰron/ → /ˈly.θron/ → /ˈli.θron/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /lý.tʰron/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈly.tʰron/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈly.θron/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈly.θron/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈli.θron/

Noun

λύθρον • (lúthron) n (genitive λύθρου); second declension

1. gore, defilement from blood

   Synonym: βρότος (brótos)

2. venom of the hydra

Inflection

Second declension of τὸ λῠ́θρον; τοῦ λῠ́θρου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ λῠ́θρον tò lŭ́thron	τὼ λῠ́θρω tṑ lŭ́thrō	τᾰ̀ λῠ́θρᾰ tằ lŭ́thră
Genitive	τοῦ λῠ́θρου toû lŭ́throu	τοῖν λῠ́θροιν toîn lŭ́throin	τῶν λῠ́θρων tôn lŭ́thrōn
Dative	τῷ λῠ́θρῳ tôi lŭ́thrōi	τοῖν λῠ́θροιν toîn lŭ́throin	τοῖς λῠ́θροις toîs lŭ́throis
Accusative	τὸ λῠ́θρον tò lŭ́thron	τὼ λῠ́θρω tṑ lŭ́thrō	τᾰ̀ λῠ́θρᾰ tằ lŭ́thră
Vocative	λῠ́θρον lŭ́thron	λῠ́θρω lŭ́thrō	λῠ́θρᾰ lŭ́thră
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• λυθρόω (luthróō)
• λυθρώδης (luthrṓdēs)

Descendants

• Translingual: Lythrum

Further reading

• “λύθρον”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “λύθρον”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• λύθρον in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN