λάτρον

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Putatively from Proto-Indo-European *leh₂t- (“to grant; to possess”) or *leh₁-t- (“to let, grant”), thereby cognate with Proto-Germanic *lēþą (“possession, ownership”) (though there are phonetic problems) and Latin latrō (“mercenary”).

On the other hand, Beekes rejects the Indo-European etymology and suggests Pre-Greek origin.^[1] He considers -ρ- (-r-) in this case to be a Pre-Greek suffix.^[2] The Latin cognate may instead be borrowed from an unattested form *λάτρων (*látrōn).^[1]

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /lá.tron/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈla.tron/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈla.tron/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈla.tron/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈla.tron/

Noun

λάτρον • (látron) n (genitive λάτρου); second declension

pay, hire

Declension

Second declension of τὸ λᾰ́τρον; τοῦ λᾰ́τρου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ λᾰ́τρον tò lắtron	τὼ λᾰ́τρω tṑ lắtrō	τᾰ̀ λᾰ́τρᾰ tằ lắtră
Genitive	τοῦ λᾰ́τρου toû lắtrou	τοῖν λᾰ́τροιν toîn lắtroin	τῶν λᾰ́τρων tôn lắtrōn
Dative	τῷ λᾰ́τρῳ tôi lắtrōi	τοῖν λᾰ́τροιν toîn lắtroin	τοῖς λᾰ́τροις toîs lắtrois
Accusative	τὸ λᾰ́τρον tò lắtron	τὼ λᾰ́τρω tṑ lắtrō	τᾰ̀ λᾰ́τρᾰ tằ lắtră
Vocative	λᾰ́τρον lắtron	λᾰ́τρω lắtrō	λᾰ́τρᾰ lắtră
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

λατρείᾱ (latreíā)
λάτρευμα (látreuma)
λατρεύς (latreús)
-λάτρης (-látrēs)
λάτριος (látrios)
λάτρις (látris)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “λάτρον”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 837–838
^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2014) “λάτρον”, in Stefan Norbruis, editor, Pre-Greek: Phonology, Morphology, Lexicon, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 149

λάτρον in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
λάτρον in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
λάτρον, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011
“λάτρον”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press

[EDG-1] 1.0 ^1.1 Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “λάτρον”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 837–838

[2] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2014) “λάτρον”, in Stefan Norbruis, editor, Pre-Greek: Phonology, Morphology, Lexicon, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 149

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