κρόκος

See also: κροκός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

A Semitic loanword. Compare Akkadian 𒌑𒆪𒄀𒆸𒈾 (/⁠kurkanū⁠/), Arabic كُرْكُم (kurkum), and Hebrew כרכום (karkom).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /kró.kos/ → /ˈkro.kos/ → /ˈkro.kos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /kró.kos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈkro.kos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈkro.kos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈkro.kos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈkro.kos/

Noun

κρόκος • (krókos) m (genitive κρόκου); second declension

1. saffron, Crocus sativus
2. saffron (dye)
3. yolk (of an egg)

   Antonym: λευκόν (leukón)

Declension

Second declension of ὁ κρόκος; τοῦ κρόκου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ κρόκος ho krókos	τὼ κρόκω tṑ krókō	οἱ κρόκοι hoi krókoi
Genitive	τοῦ κρόκου toû krókou	τοῖν κρόκοιν toîn krókoin	τῶν κρόκων tôn krókōn
Dative	τῷ κρόκῳ tôi krókōi	τοῖν κρόκοιν toîn krókoin	τοῖς κρόκοις toîs krókois
Accusative	τὸν κρόκον tòn krókon	τὼ κρόκω tṑ krókō	τοὺς κρόκους toùs krókous
Vocative	κρόκε króke	κρόκω krókō	κρόκοι krókoi
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• κρόκινος (krókinos)
• κροκόμαγμα (krokómagma)
• κροκόπεπλος (krokópeplos)
• κρόκος ἀκανθώδης (krókos akanthṓdēs, “safflower”)
• κρόκος λευκός (krókos leukós, “Crocus cancellatus”)

Descendants

• Greek: κρόκος (krókos)
• → Latin: crocus (see there for further descendants)
• → Old Georgian: კროკონი (ḳroḳoni)

Further reading

• “κρόκος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “κρόκος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “κρόκος”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• κρόκος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• κρόκος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• “κρόκος”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • crocus idem, page 185.
  • saffron idem, page 730.
• “κρόκος”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011

Greek

Alternative forms

• κροκός (krokós)

Etymology

From Ancient Greek κρόκος (krókos), of ultimately Semitic origin. Doublet of κουρκουμάς (kourkoumás).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkɾo.kos/
• Hyphenation: κρό‧κος

Noun

κρόκος • (krókos) m (plural κρόκοι)

1. yolk, egg yolk

   κρόκος αβγού ― krókos avgoú ― egg yolk

2. (botany) crocus
3. (herb) saffron

   Synonym: ζαφορά f (zaforá)

Declension

Declension of κρόκος

	singular	plural
nominative	κρόκος (krókos)	κρόκοι (krókoi)
genitive	κρόκου (krókou)	κρόκων (krókon)
accusative	κρόκο (króko)	κρόκους (krókous)
vocative	κρόκε (króke)	κρόκοι (krókoi)

Descendants

• → Hawaiian: keloko

Further reading

• κρόκος, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language