γλεῦκος

See also: γλεύκος

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *dléukus, from Proto-Indo-European *dléwkus. Related to Mycenaean Greek 𐀆𐀩𐀄𐀒 (de-re-u-ko /⁠dleukos⁠/) and Ancient Greek γλυκύς (glukús).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ɡlêu̯.kos/ → /ˈɣleɸ.kos/ → /ˈɣlef.kos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ɡlêu̯.kos/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈɡlew.kos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈɣleɸ.kos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈɣlef.kos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈɣlef.kos/

Noun

γλεῦκος • (gleûkos) n (genitive γλεύκους or γλεύκεος); third declension

1. sweet new wine, must
   • 1st century, Acts 2:13:

     Ἕτεροι δὲ διαχλευάζοντες ἔλεγον ὅτι Γλεύκους μεμεστωμένοι εἰσίν.

     Héteroi dè diakhleuázontes élegon hóti Gleúkous memestōménoi eisín.

     But others, mocking, said "These men are full of new wine".

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Sammlung der griechischen Dialekt-Inschriften to this entry?)

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Aristotle to this entry?)

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Nicander to this entry?)

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Peter the Patrician to this entry?)

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Pedanius Dioscorides to this entry?)

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Bernard Pyne Grenfell to this entry?)

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Papiri Fiorentini to this entry?)

   • circa AD 80–90, The New Testament in the original Greek (1885), Πράξεις τῶν Ἀποστόλων 2:13:

     ἕτεροι δὲ διαχλευάζοντες ἔλεγον ὅτι Γλεύκους μεμεστωμένοι εἰσίν.

     Others, mocking, said, “They are filled with new wine.” ― translation from: World English Bible (rev. of 1901 ed.), Acts 2:13

   1. grape juice
      • (Can we find and add a quotation of Galen to this entry?)
2. sweetness

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Aristotle to this entry?)

Declension

Third declension of τὸ γλεῦκος; τοῦ γλεύκους (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ γλεῦκος tò gleûkos	τὼ γλεύκει tṑ gleúkei	τᾰ̀ γλεύκη tằ gleúkē
Genitive	τοῦ γλεύκους toû gleúkous	τοῖν γλευκοῖν toîn gleukoîn	τῶν γλευκῶν tôn gleukôn
Dative	τῷ γλεύκει tôi gleúkei	τοῖν γλευκοῖν toîn gleukoîn	τοῖς γλεύκεσῐ / γλεύκεσῐν toîs gleúkesĭ(n)
Accusative	τὸ γλεῦκος tò gleûkos	τὼ γλεύκει tṑ gleúkei	τᾰ̀ γλεύκη tằ gleúkē
Vocative	γλεῦκος gleûkos	γλεύκει gleúkei	γλεύκη gleúkē
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension. There also exists a Doric genitive singular in γλεύκιος.

Descendants

• French: glucose
  • English: glucose
  • Russian: глюкоза (gljukoza)
• Greek: γλεύκος (gléfkos)

Further reading

• “γλεῦκος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “γλεῦκος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• γλεῦκος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• γλεῦκος in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2025)
• G1098 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
• γλεῦκος in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften