šum

See also: sum, Sum, súm, sʉm, şum, -sum, сум, and шум

Czech

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈʃum]
• Hyphenation: šum
• Rhymes: -um

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *šumъ.

Noun

šum m inan

1. noise (sound or signal generated by random fluctuations)

Declension

Declension of šum (hard masculine inanimate)

	singular	plural
nominative	šum	šumy
genitive	šumu	šumů
dative	šumu	šumům
accusative	šum	šumy
vocative	šume	šumy
locative	šumu	šumech
instrumental	šumem	šumy

Derived terms

• bílý šum m

 

Related terms

adjectives

• šumivý
• šumný

 

noun

• šumot

 

verbs

• šumět
• šumívat

 

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

šum

1. second-person singular imperative of šumět

   Synonym: šuměj

Further reading

• “šum”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
• “šum”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
• “šum”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)

Phalura

Etymology

Borrowed from Urdu شُوم (śūm), from Arabic شُؤْم (šuʔm).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɕum/

Adjective

šum (invariable, Perso-Arabic spelling شُم)

1. stingy

References

• Henrik Liljegren, Naseem Haider (2011) “šum”, in Palula Vocabulary (FLI Language and Culture Series; 7)‎^[1], Islamabad, Pakistan: Forum for Language Initiatives, →ISBN

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *šumъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʃûːm/

Noun

šȗm m (Cyrillic spelling шу̑м)

1. noise (sound or signal generated by random fluctuations)

Declension

Declension of šum

	singular	plural
nominative	šȗm	šúmovi
genitive	šuma	šumova
dative	šumu	šumovima
accusative	šum	šumove
vocative	šume	šumovi
locative	šumu	šumovima
instrumental	šumom	šumovima

Derived terms

• šȗman
• šúmēćī
• šúmiti
• šúmjeti
• šȗmnīk
• šȗmno
• šȕmor

Further reading

• “šum”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2024

Slovak

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *šumъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ʃum]

Noun

šum m inan (genitive singular šumu, nominative plural šumy, genitive plural šumov, declension pattern of dub)

1. noise (sound or signal generated by random fluctuations)

Declension

Declension of šum

	singular	plural
nominative	šum	šumy
genitive	šumu	šumov
dative	šumu	šumom
accusative	šum	šumy
locative	šume	šumoch
instrumental	šumom	šumami

Related terms

• šumieť
• šumný

References

• “šum”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024

Slovene

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *šumъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʃúːm/

Noun

šȗm m inan

1. noise

Inflection

The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.

Masculine inan., hard o-stem
nom. sing.	šúm
gen. sing.	šúma
	singular	dual	plural
nominative (imenovȃlnik)	šúm	šúma	šúmi
genitive (rodȋlnik)	šúma	šúmov	šúmov
dative (dajȃlnik)	šúmu	šúmoma	šúmom
accusative (tožȋlnik)	šúm	šúma	šúme
locative (mẹ̑stnik)	šúmu	šúmih	šúmih
instrumental (orọ̑dnik)	šúmom	šúmoma	šúmi

Further reading

• “šum”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran