þrjóta
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Icelandic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Norse þrjóta, from Proto-Germanic *uzþreutaną.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]þrjóta (strong verb, third-person singular past indicative þraut, third-person plural past indicative non-existent, supine þrotið)
- to dwindle, be used up, exhausted, spent
- (impersonal, with accusative) to be at an end
- (impersonal, with accusative) to become exhausted (be unable to continue, having spent one’s energy, etc.)
Conjugation
[edit]þrjóta — active voice (germynd)
infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að þrjóta | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
þrotið | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
þrjótandi | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég þrýt | við þrjótum | present (nútíð) |
ég þrjóti | við þrjótum |
þú þrýtur | þið þrjótið | þú þrjótir | þið þrjótið | ||
hann, hún, það þrýtur | þeir, þær, þau þrjóta | hann, hún, það þrjóti | þeir, þær, þau þrjóti | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég þraut | við þrutum | past (þátíð) |
ég þryti | við þrytum |
þú þraust | þið þrutuð | þú þrytir | þið þrytuð | ||
hann, hún, það þraut | þeir, þær, þau þrutu | hann, hún, það þryti | þeir, þær, þau þrytu | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
þrjót (þú) | þrjótið (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
þrjóttu | þrjótiði * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
þrotinn — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)
strong declension (sterk beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
þrotinn | þrotin | þrotið | þrotnir | þrotnar | þrotin | |
accusative (þolfall) |
þrotinn | þrotna | þrotið | þrotna | þrotnar | þrotin | |
dative (þágufall) |
þrotnum | þrotinni | þrotnu | þrotnum | þrotnum | þrotnum | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
þrotins | þrotinnar | þrotins | þrotinna | þrotinna | þrotinna | |
weak declension (veik beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
þrotni | þrotna | þrotna | þrotnu | þrotnu | þrotnu | |
accusative (þolfall) |
þrotna | þrotnu | þrotna | þrotnu | þrotnu | þrotnu | |
dative (þágufall) |
þrotna | þrotnu | þrotna | þrotnu | þrotnu | þrotnu | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
þrotna | þrotnu | þrotna | þrotnu | þrotnu | þrotnu |
Derived terms
[edit]- þrjóta erindið (to give up from exhaustion)
Old Norse
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Germanic *þreutaną. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *trewd- (“to harass”).
Verb
[edit]þrjóta (singular past indicative þraut, plural past indicative þrutu, past participle þrotinn)
- (impersonal, with accusative) to fail, come to an end, run out
- (transitive, with accusative) to fail
- en er hann þraut ørendit
- when breath failed him
- (transitive, with accusative) to run out of
- Hrapp þraut vistir í hafi
- Hrapp ran out of food at sea
- (intransitive) to become exhausted, fail
- mara þraut óra
- our steeds were exhausted
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of þrjóta — active (strong class 2)
infinitive | þrjóta | |
---|---|---|
present participle | þrjótandi | |
past participle | þrotinn | |
indicative | present | past |
1st-person singular | þrýt | þraut |
2nd-person singular | þrýtr | þrauzt |
3rd-person singular | þrýtr | þraut |
1st-person plural | þrjótum | þrutum |
2nd-person plural | þrjótið | þrutuð |
3rd-person plural | þrjóta | þrutu |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st-person singular | þrjóta | þryta |
2nd-person singular | þrjótir | þrytir |
3rd-person singular | þrjóti | þryti |
1st-person plural | þrjótim | þrytim |
2nd-person plural | þrjótið | þrytið |
3rd-person plural | þrjóti | þryti |
imperative | present | |
2nd-person singular | þrjót | |
1st-person plural | þrjótum | |
2nd-person plural | þrjótið |
Conjugation of þrjóta — mediopassive (strong class 2)
infinitive | þrjótask | |
---|---|---|
present participle | þrjótandisk | |
past participle | þrotizk | |
indicative | present | past |
1st-person singular | þrjótumk | þrutumk |
2nd-person singular | þrýzk | þrauzk |
3rd-person singular | þrýzk | þrauzk |
1st-person plural | þrjótumsk | þrutumsk |
2nd-person plural | þrjótizk | þrutuzk |
3rd-person plural | þrjótask | þrutusk |
subjunctive | present | past |
1st-person singular | þrjótumk | þrytumk |
2nd-person singular | þrjótisk | þrytisk |
3rd-person singular | þrjótisk | þrytisk |
1st-person plural | þrjótimsk | þrytimsk |
2nd-person plural | þrjótizk | þrytizk |
3rd-person plural | þrjótisk | þrytisk |
imperative | present | |
2nd-person singular | þrjózk | |
1st-person plural | þrjótumsk | |
2nd-person plural | þrjótizk |
Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- þrjóta in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, G. T. Zoëga, Clarendon Press, 1910, at Internet Archive.
Categories:
- Icelandic terms derived from Old Norse
- Icelandic terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Icelandic 2-syllable words
- Icelandic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Icelandic/ouːta
- Rhymes:Icelandic/ouːta/2 syllables
- Icelandic lemmas
- Icelandic verbs
- Icelandic strong verbs
- Icelandic impersonal verbs
- Icelandic class 2 strong verbs
- Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Norse terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *trewd-
- Old Norse terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Old Norse terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Old Norse lemmas
- Old Norse verbs
- Old Norse impersonal verbs
- Old Norse transitive verbs
- Old Norse terms with usage examples
- Old Norse intransitive verbs
- Old Norse class 2 strong verbs