yidizǫ́ǫ́s
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Navajo
[edit]Etymology
[edit]y- (3rd person object prefix) + -di- (inceptive) + -∅- (3rd person subject prefix) + -∅- (classifier) + -zǫ́ǫ́s (imperfective stem of root -ZǪ́Ǫ́Z, “to pull, to tear”).
Stem initial z- becomes d- under d-effect.
Verb
[edit]yidizǫ́ǫ́s
- he/she is pulling it or dragging it along, extends it (as a chain)
- bił yidizǫ́ǫ́s ― to zip it up, to fasten it
Conjugation
[edit]Paradigm: Momentaneous (∅/si).
| IMPERFECTIVE | singular | duoplural | plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | disǫ́ǫ́s | diidǫ́ǫ́s | dadiidǫ́ǫ́s |
| 2nd person | dízǫ́ǫ́s | dohsǫ́ǫ́s | dadohsǫ́ǫ́s |
| 3rd person | yidizǫ́ǫ́s | deidizǫ́ǫ́s | |
| 4th person | jidizǫ́ǫ́s | dazhdizǫ́ǫ́s | |
| PERFECTIVE | singular | duoplural | plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | dézǫ́ǫ́z | deedǫ́ǫ́z | dadeedǫ́ǫ́z |
| 2nd person | dínízǫ́ǫ́z | disoozǫ́ǫ́z | dadisoozǫ́ǫ́z |
| 3rd person | yideezǫ́ǫ́z | deideezǫ́ǫ́z | |
| 4th person | jideezǫ́ǫ́z | dazhdeezǫ́ǫ́z | |
| FUTURE | singular | duoplural | plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person | dideesǫ́ǫ́s | didiidǫ́ǫ́s | dadidiidǫ́ǫ́s |
| 2nd person | didíízǫ́ǫ́s | didoohsǫ́ǫ́s | dadidoohsǫ́ǫ́s |
| 3rd person | yididoozǫ́ǫ́s | deididoozǫ́ǫ́s | |
| 4th person | dizhdoozǫ́ǫ́s | dazhdidoozǫ́ǫ́s | |
Verbal stems
[edit]- ITERATIVE: -d + zǫ́ǫ́s = dǫ́ǫ́s
- OPTATIVE: -zǫ́ǫ́s