vuthwa

Xhosa

Etymology

From -vutha +‎ -wa.

Verb

-vûthwa

to be ripe

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Zulu

Etymology

From -vutha +‎ -wa.

Verb

-vûthwa

(intransitive) to mature, to ripen, to mellow
(intransitive) to be well cooked

Inflection

Tone HH
Infinitive	ukuvuthwa
	Positive	Negative
Infinitive	ukuvuthwa	ukungavuthwa
	Imperative
	Simple	+ object concord
Singular	vuthwa	-vuthwe
Plural	vuthwani	-vuthweni
	Present
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyavuthwa, ngivuthwa	engivuthwayo, engivuthwa	ngivuthwa	angivuthwa	engingavuthwa	ngingavuthwa
2nd singular	uyavuthwa, uvuthwa	ovuthwayo, ovuthwa	uvuthwa	awuvuthwa	ongavuthwa	ungavuthwa
1st plural	siyavuthwa, sivuthwa	esivuthwayo, esivuthwa	sivuthwa	asivuthwa	esingavuthwa	singavuthwa
2nd plural	niyavuthwa, nivuthwa	enivuthwayo, enivuthwa	nivuthwa	anivuthwa	eningavuthwa	ningavuthwa
Class 1	uyavuthwa, uvuthwa	ovuthwayo, ovuthwa	evuthwa	akavuthwa	ongavuthwa	engavuthwa
Class 2	bayavuthwa, bavuthwa	abavuthwayo, abavuthwa	bevuthwa	abavuthwa	abangavuthwa	bengavuthwa
Class 3	uyavuthwa, uvuthwa	ovuthwayo, ovuthwa	uvuthwa	awuvuthwa	ongavuthwa	ungavuthwa
Class 4	iyavuthwa, ivuthwa	evuthwayo, evuthwa	ivuthwa	ayivuthwa	engavuthwa	ingavuthwa
Class 5	liyavuthwa, livuthwa	elivuthwayo, elivuthwa	livuthwa	alivuthwa	elingavuthwa	lingavuthwa
Class 6	ayavuthwa, avuthwa	avuthwayo, avuthwa	evuthwa	awavuthwa	angavuthwa	engavuthwa
Class 7	siyavuthwa, sivuthwa	esivuthwayo, esivuthwa	sivuthwa	asivuthwa	esingavuthwa	singavuthwa
Class 8	ziyavuthwa, zivuthwa	ezivuthwayo, ezivuthwa	zivuthwa	azivuthwa	ezingavuthwa	zingavuthwa
Class 9	iyavuthwa, ivuthwa	evuthwayo, evuthwa	ivuthwa	ayivuthwa	engavuthwa	ingavuthwa
Class 10	ziyavuthwa, zivuthwa	ezivuthwayo, ezivuthwa	zivuthwa	azivuthwa	ezingavuthwa	zingavuthwa
Class 11	luyavuthwa, luvuthwa	oluvuthwayo, oluvuthwa	luvuthwa	aluvuthwa	olungavuthwa	lungavuthwa
Class 14	buyavuthwa, buvuthwa	obuvuthwayo, obuvuthwa	buvuthwa	abuvuthwa	obungavuthwa	bungavuthwa
Class 15	kuyavuthwa, kuvuthwa	okuvuthwayo, okuvuthwa	kuvuthwa	akuvuthwa	okungavuthwa	kungavuthwa
Class 17	kuyavuthwa, kuvuthwa	okuvuthwayo, okuvuthwa	kuvuthwa	akuvuthwa	okungavuthwa	kungavuthwa
	Recent past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngivuthiwe, ngivuthwē	engivuthiwe, engivuthwē	ngivuthiwe, ngivuthwē	angivuthwanga	engingavuthwanga	ngingavuthwanga
2nd singular	uvuthiwe, uvuthwē	ovuthiwe, ovuthwē	uvuthiwe, uvuthwē	awuvuthwanga	ongavuthwanga	ungavuthwanga
1st plural	sivuthiwe, sivuthwē	esivuthiwe, esivuthwē	sivuthiwe, sivuthwē	asivuthwanga	esingavuthwanga	singavuthwanga
2nd plural	nivuthiwe, nivuthwē	enivuthiwe, enivuthwē	nivuthiwe, nivuthwē	anivuthwanga	eningavuthwanga	ningavuthwanga
Class 1	uvuthiwe, uvuthwē	ovuthiwe, ovuthwē	evuthiwe, evuthwē	akavuthwanga	ongavuthwanga	engavuthwanga
Class 2	bavuthiwe, bavuthwē	abavuthiwe, abavuthwē	bevuthiwe, bevuthwē	abavuthwanga	abangavuthwanga	bengavuthwanga
Class 3	uvuthiwe, uvuthwē	ovuthiwe, ovuthwē	uvuthiwe, uvuthwē	awuvuthwanga	ongavuthwanga	ungavuthwanga
Class 4	ivuthiwe, ivuthwē	evuthiwe, evuthwē	ivuthiwe, ivuthwē	ayivuthwanga	engavuthwanga	ingavuthwanga
Class 5	livuthiwe, livuthwē	elivuthiwe, elivuthwē	livuthiwe, livuthwē	alivuthwanga	elingavuthwanga	lingavuthwanga
Class 6	avuthiwe, avuthwē	avuthiwe, avuthwē	evuthiwe, evuthwē	awavuthwanga	angavuthwanga	engavuthwanga
Class 7	sivuthiwe, sivuthwē	esivuthiwe, esivuthwē	sivuthiwe, sivuthwē	asivuthwanga	esingavuthwanga	singavuthwanga
Class 8	zivuthiwe, zivuthwē	ezivuthiwe, ezivuthwē	zivuthiwe, zivuthwē	azivuthwanga	ezingavuthwanga	zingavuthwanga
Class 9	ivuthiwe, ivuthwē	evuthiwe, evuthwē	ivuthiwe, ivuthwē	ayivuthwanga	engavuthwanga	ingavuthwanga
Class 10	zivuthiwe, zivuthwē	ezivuthiwe, ezivuthwē	zivuthiwe, zivuthwē	azivuthwanga	ezingavuthwanga	zingavuthwanga
Class 11	luvuthiwe, luvuthwē	oluvuthiwe, oluvuthwē	luvuthiwe, luvuthwē	aluvuthwanga	olungavuthwanga	lungavuthwanga
Class 14	buvuthiwe, buvuthwē	obuvuthiwe, obuvuthwē	buvuthiwe, buvuthwē	abuvuthwanga	obungavuthwanga	bungavuthwanga
Class 15	kuvuthiwe, kuvuthwē	okuvuthiwe, okuvuthwē	kuvuthiwe, kuvuthwē	akuvuthwanga	okungavuthwanga	kungavuthwanga
Class 17	kuvuthiwe, kuvuthwē	okuvuthiwe, okuvuthwē	kuvuthiwe, kuvuthwē	akuvuthwanga	okungavuthwanga	kungavuthwanga
	Remote past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngāvuthwa	engāvuthwa	ngāvuthwa	angivuthwanga	engingavuthwanga	ngingavuthwanga
2nd singular	wāvuthwa	owāvuthwa	wāvuthwa	awuvuthwanga	ongavuthwanga	ungavuthwanga
1st plural	sāvuthwa	esāvuthwa	sāvuthwa	asivuthwanga	esingavuthwanga	singavuthwanga
2nd plural	nāvuthwa	enāvuthwa	nāvuthwa	anivuthwanga	eningavuthwanga	ningavuthwanga
Class 1	wāvuthwa	owāvuthwa	āvuthwa	akavuthwanga	ongavuthwanga	engavuthwanga
Class 2	bāvuthwa	abāvuthwa	bāvuthwa	abavuthwanga	abangavuthwanga	bengavuthwanga
Class 3	wāvuthwa	owāvuthwa	wāvuthwa	awuvuthwanga	ongavuthwanga	ungavuthwanga
Class 4	yāvuthwa	eyāvuthwa	yāvuthwa	ayivuthwanga	engavuthwanga	ingavuthwanga
Class 5	lāvuthwa	elāvuthwa	lāvuthwa	alivuthwanga	elingavuthwanga	lingavuthwanga
Class 6	āvuthwa	āvuthwa	āvuthwa	awavuthwanga	angavuthwanga	engavuthwanga
Class 7	sāvuthwa	esāvuthwa	sāvuthwa	asivuthwanga	esingavuthwanga	singavuthwanga
Class 8	zāvuthwa	ezāvuthwa	zāvuthwa	azivuthwanga	ezingavuthwanga	zingavuthwanga
Class 9	yāvuthwa	eyāvuthwa	yāvuthwa	ayivuthwanga	engavuthwanga	ingavuthwanga
Class 10	zāvuthwa	ezāvuthwa	zāvuthwa	azivuthwanga	ezingavuthwanga	zingavuthwanga
Class 11	lwāvuthwa	olwāvuthwa	lwāvuthwa	aluvuthwanga	olungavuthwanga	lungavuthwanga
Class 14	bāvuthwa	obāvuthwa	bāvuthwa	abuvuthwanga	obungavuthwanga	bungavuthwanga
Class 15	kwāvuthwa	okwāvuthwa	kwāvuthwa	akuvuthwanga	okungavuthwanga	kungavuthwanga
Class 17	kwāvuthwa	okwāvuthwa	kwāvuthwa	akuvuthwanga	okungavuthwanga	kungavuthwanga
	Potential
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngingavuthwa	—	ngingavuthwa	ngingevuthwe	—	ngingevuthwe
2nd singular	ungavuthwa	—	ungavuthwa	ungevuthwe	—	ungevuthwe
1st plural	singavuthwa	—	singavuthwa	singevuthwe	—	singevuthwe
2nd plural	ningavuthwa	—	ningavuthwa	ningevuthwe	—	ningevuthwe
Class 1	angavuthwa	—	engavuthwa	angevuthwe	—	engevuthwe
Class 2	bangavuthwa	—	bengavuthwa	bangevuthwe	—	bengevuthwe
Class 3	ungavuthwa	—	ungavuthwa	ungevuthwe	—	ungevuthwe
Class 4	ingavuthwa	—	ingavuthwa	ingevuthwe	—	ingevuthwe
Class 5	lingavuthwa	—	lingavuthwa	lingevuthwe	—	lingevuthwe
Class 6	angavuthwa	—	engavuthwa	angevuthwe	—	engevuthwe
Class 7	singavuthwa	—	singavuthwa	singevuthwe	—	singevuthwe
Class 8	zingavuthwa	—	zingavuthwa	zingevuthwe	—	zingevuthwe
Class 9	ingavuthwa	—	ingavuthwa	ingevuthwe	—	ingevuthwe
Class 10	zingavuthwa	—	zingavuthwa	zingevuthwe	—	zingevuthwe
Class 11	lungavuthwa	—	lungavuthwa	lungevuthwe	—	lungevuthwe
Class 14	bungavuthwa	—	bungavuthwa	bungevuthwe	—	bungevuthwe
Class 15	kungavuthwa	—	kungavuthwa	kungevuthwe	—	kungevuthwe
Class 17	kungavuthwa	—	kungavuthwa	kungevuthwe	—	kungevuthwe
	Immediate future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngizovuthwa	engizovuthwa	ngizovuthwa	angizuvuthwa	engingezuvuthwa	ngingezuvuthwa
2nd singular	uzovuthwa	ozovuthwa	uzovuthwa	awuzuvuthwa	ongezuvuthwa	ungezuvuthwa
1st plural	sizovuthwa	esizovuthwa	sizovuthwa	asizuvuthwa	esingezuvuthwa	singezuvuthwa
2nd plural	nizovuthwa	enizovuthwa	nizovuthwa	anizuvuthwa	eningezuvuthwa	ningezuvuthwa
Class 1	uzovuthwa	ozovuthwa	ezovuthwa	akazuvuthwa	ongezuvuthwa	engezuvuthwa
Class 2	bazovuthwa	abazovuthwa	bezovuthwa	abazuvuthwa	abangezuvuthwa	bengezuvuthwa
Class 3	uzovuthwa	ozovuthwa	uzovuthwa	awuzuvuthwa	ongezuvuthwa	ungezuvuthwa
Class 4	izovuthwa	ezovuthwa	izovuthwa	ayizuvuthwa	engezuvuthwa	ingezuvuthwa
Class 5	lizovuthwa	elizovuthwa	lizovuthwa	alizuvuthwa	elingezuvuthwa	lingezuvuthwa
Class 6	azovuthwa	azovuthwa	ezovuthwa	awazuvuthwa	angezuvuthwa	engezuvuthwa
Class 7	sizovuthwa	esizovuthwa	sizovuthwa	asizuvuthwa	esingezuvuthwa	singezuvuthwa
Class 8	zizovuthwa	ezizovuthwa	zizovuthwa	azizuvuthwa	ezingezuvuthwa	zingezuvuthwa
Class 9	izovuthwa	ezovuthwa	izovuthwa	ayizuvuthwa	engezuvuthwa	ingezuvuthwa
Class 10	zizovuthwa	ezizovuthwa	zizovuthwa	azizuvuthwa	ezingezuvuthwa	zingezuvuthwa
Class 11	luzovuthwa	oluzovuthwa	luzovuthwa	aluzuvuthwa	olungezuvuthwa	lungezuvuthwa
Class 14	buzovuthwa	obuzovuthwa	buzovuthwa	abuzuvuthwa	obungezuvuthwa	bungezuvuthwa
Class 15	kuzovuthwa	okuzovuthwa	kuzovuthwa	akuzuvuthwa	okungezuvuthwa	kungezuvuthwa
Class 17	kuzovuthwa	okuzovuthwa	kuzovuthwa	akuzuvuthwa	okungezuvuthwa	kungezuvuthwa
	Remote future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyovuthwa	engiyovuthwa	ngiyovuthwa	angiyuvuthwa	engingeyuvuthwa	ngingeyuvuthwa
2nd singular	uyovuthwa	oyovuthwa	uyovuthwa	awuyuvuthwa	ongeyuvuthwa	ungeyuvuthwa
1st plural	siyovuthwa	esiyovuthwa	siyovuthwa	asiyuvuthwa	esingeyuvuthwa	singeyuvuthwa
2nd plural	niyovuthwa	eniyovuthwa	niyovuthwa	aniyuvuthwa	eningeyuvuthwa	ningeyuvuthwa
Class 1	uyovuthwa	oyovuthwa	eyovuthwa	akayuvuthwa	ongeyuvuthwa	engeyuvuthwa
Class 2	bayovuthwa	abayovuthwa	beyovuthwa	abayuvuthwa	abangeyuvuthwa	bengeyuvuthwa
Class 3	uyovuthwa	oyovuthwa	uyovuthwa	awuyuvuthwa	ongeyuvuthwa	ungeyuvuthwa
Class 4	iyovuthwa	eyovuthwa	iyovuthwa	ayiyuvuthwa	engeyuvuthwa	ingeyuvuthwa
Class 5	liyovuthwa	eliyovuthwa	liyovuthwa	aliyuvuthwa	elingeyuvuthwa	lingeyuvuthwa
Class 6	ayovuthwa	ayovuthwa	eyovuthwa	awayuvuthwa	angeyuvuthwa	engeyuvuthwa
Class 7	siyovuthwa	esiyovuthwa	siyovuthwa	asiyuvuthwa	esingeyuvuthwa	singeyuvuthwa
Class 8	ziyovuthwa	eziyovuthwa	ziyovuthwa	aziyuvuthwa	ezingeyuvuthwa	zingeyuvuthwa
Class 9	iyovuthwa	eyovuthwa	iyovuthwa	ayiyuvuthwa	engeyuvuthwa	ingeyuvuthwa
Class 10	ziyovuthwa	eziyovuthwa	ziyovuthwa	aziyuvuthwa	ezingeyuvuthwa	zingeyuvuthwa
Class 11	luyovuthwa	oluyovuthwa	luyovuthwa	aluyuvuthwa	olungeyuvuthwa	lungeyuvuthwa
Class 14	buyovuthwa	obuyovuthwa	buyovuthwa	abuyuvuthwa	obungeyuvuthwa	bungeyuvuthwa
Class 15	kuyovuthwa	okuyovuthwa	kuyovuthwa	akuyuvuthwa	okungeyuvuthwa	kungeyuvuthwa
Class 17	kuyovuthwa	okuyovuthwa	kuyovuthwa	akuyuvuthwa	okungeyuvuthwa	kungeyuvuthwa
	Present subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngivuthwe	ngingavuthwa
2nd singular	uvuthwe	ungavuthwa
1st plural	sivuthwe	singavuthwa
2nd plural	nivuthwe	ningavuthwa
Class 1	avuthwe	angavuthwa
Class 2	bavuthwe	bangavuthwa
Class 3	uvuthwe	ungavuthwa
Class 4	ivuthwe	ingavuthwa
Class 5	livuthwe	lingavuthwa
Class 6	avuthwe	angavuthwa
Class 7	sivuthwe	singavuthwa
Class 8	zivuthwe	zingavuthwa
Class 9	ivuthwe	ingavuthwa
Class 10	zivuthwe	zingavuthwa
Class 11	luvuthwe	lungavuthwa
Class 14	buvuthwe	bungavuthwa
Class 15	kuvuthwe	kungavuthwa
Class 17	kuvuthwe	kungavuthwa
	Past subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngavuthwa	ngangavuthwa, angavuthwa, angangavuthwa
2nd singular	wavuthwa	wangavuthwa, awavuthwa, awangavuthwa
1st plural	savuthwa	sangavuthwa, asavuthwa, asangavuthwa
2nd plural	navuthwa	nangavuthwa, anavuthwa, anangavuthwa
Class 1	wavuthwa	wangavuthwa, akavuthwa, akangavuthwa
Class 2	bavuthwa	bangavuthwa, abavuthwa, abangavuthwa
Class 3	wavuthwa	wangavuthwa, awavuthwa, awangavuthwa
Class 4	yavuthwa	yangavuthwa, ayavuthwa, ayangavuthwa
Class 5	lavuthwa	langavuthwa, alavuthwa, alangavuthwa
Class 6	avuthwa	angavuthwa, awavuthwa, awangavuthwa
Class 7	savuthwa	sangavuthwa, asavuthwa, asangavuthwa
Class 8	zavuthwa	zangavuthwa, azavuthwa, azangavuthwa
Class 9	yavuthwa	yangavuthwa, ayavuthwa, ayangavuthwa
Class 10	zavuthwa	zangavuthwa, azavuthwa, azangavuthwa
Class 11	lwavuthwa	lwangavuthwa, alwavuthwa, alwangavuthwa
Class 14	bavuthwa	bangavuthwa, abavuthwa, abangavuthwa
Class 15	kwavuthwa	kwangavuthwa, akwavuthwa, akwangavuthwa
Class 17	kwavuthwa	kwangavuthwa, akwavuthwa, akwangavuthwa

References

C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “vuthwa”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “vuthwa (3.9)”