virti
Icelandic
[edit]Verb
[edit]virti (weak)
- first-person singular past indicative of virða
- third-person singular past indicative of virða
- first-person singular past subjunctive of virða
- third-person singular past subjunctive of virða
Lithuanian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Balto-Slavic *wirˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *wer- (“to burn”). Compare Latvian vir̂t (“to boil”), Proto-Slavic *vьrěti (“to boil”), Hittite [script needed] (urāni, “burns”).[1]
An older theory from Pokorny suggests derivation from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wer- (“water, rain, flow”); see the Latin river Avara.[2]
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]vìrti (third-person present tense vérda, third-person past tense vìrė)
- (transitive) to boil, seethe
- kas verda kiaušinius? — who is boiling the eggs?
- (transitive) to cook, to make (food)
- aš noriu virti košę — I want to cook porridge
- mano mama verda vakarienę — my mum is making dinner
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of virti
| singular (vienaskaita) |
plural (daugiskaita) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st person (pirmasis asmuo) |
2nd person (antrasis asmuo) |
3rd person (trečiasis asmuo) |
1st person (pirmasis asmuo) |
2nd person (antrasis asmuo) |
3rd person (trečiasis asmuo) | |||
| aš | tu | jis/ji | mes | jūs | jie/jos | |||
| indicative (tiesioginė nuosaka) |
present (esamasis laikas) |
vérdu | vérdi | vérda | vérdame, vérdam |
vérdate, vérdat |
vérda | |
| past (būtasis kartinis laikas) |
viriaũ | vireĩ | vìrė | vìrėme, vìrom |
vìrėte, vìrot |
vìrė | ||
| past frequentative (būtasis dažninis laikas) |
vìrdavau | vìrdavai | vìrdavo | vìrdavome, vìrdavom |
vìrdavote, vìrdavot |
vìrdavo | ||
| future (būsimasis laikas) |
vìrsiu | vìrsi | vìrs | vìrsime, vìrsim |
vìrsite, vìrsit |
vìrs | ||
| subjunctive (tariamoji nuosaka) |
vìrčiau | vìrtum | vìrtų | vìrtumėme, vìrtumėm, vìrtume |
vìrtumėte, vìrtumėt |
vìrtų | ||
| imperative (liepiamoji nuosaka) |
— | vìrk, vìrki |
tevérda | vìrkime, vìrkim |
vìrkite, vìrkit |
tevérda | ||
Participles of virti
| Adjectival (dalyviai) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| active | passive | ||
| present | vérdąs, vérdantis | vérdamas | |
| past | vìręs | vìrtas | |
| past frequentative | vìrdavęs | — | |
| future | vìrsiąs, vìrsiantis | vìrsimas | |
| participle of necessity | — | vìrtinas | |
| Adverbial | |||
| special (pusdalyvis) | vìrdamas | ||
| half-participle (padalyviai) |
present | vérdant | |
| past | vìrus | ||
| past frequentative | vìrdavus | ||
| future | vìrsiant | ||
| manner of action (būdinys) | vìrte, vìrtinai | ||
Derived terms
[edit]See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “virti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 506–507
- ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), Bern, München: Francke Verlag