virti
Appearance
Icelandic
[edit]Verb
[edit]virti (weak)
- first-person singular past indicative of virða
- third-person singular past indicative of virða
- first-person singular past subjunctive of virða
- third-person singular past subjunctive of virða
Lithuanian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Balto-Slavic *wirˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *wer- (“to burn”). Compare Latvian vir̂t (“to boil”), Proto-Slavic *vьrěti (“to boil”), Hittite [script needed] (urāni, “burns”).[1]
An older theory from Pokorny suggests derivation from Proto-Indo-European *h₂wer- (“water, rain, flow”); see the Latin river Avara.[2]
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]vi̇̀rti (third-person present tense vérda, third-person past tense vi̇̀rė)
- (transitive) to boil, seethe
- kas verda kiaušinius? — who is boiling the eggs?
- (transitive) to cook, to make (food)
- aš noriu virti košę — I want to cook porridge
- mano mama verda vakarienę — my mum is making dinner
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of virti
singular (vienaskaita) |
plural (daugiskaita) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1st person (pirmasis asmuo) |
2nd person (antrasis asmuo) |
3rd person (trečiasis asmuo) |
1st person (pirmasis asmuo) |
2nd person (antrasis asmuo) |
3rd person (trečiasis asmuo) | |||
aš | tu | jis/ji | mes | jūs | jie/jos | |||
indicative (tiesioginė nuosaka) |
present (esamasis laikas) |
vérdu | vérdi | vérda | vérdame, vérdam |
vérdate, vérdat |
vérda | |
past (būtasis kartinis laikas) |
viriaũ | virei̇̃ | vi̇̀rė | vi̇̀rėme, vi̇̀rom |
vi̇̀rėte, vi̇̀rot |
vi̇̀rė | ||
past frequentative (būtasis dažninis laikas) |
vi̇̀rdavau | vi̇̀rdavai | vi̇̀rdavo | vi̇̀rdavome, vi̇̀rdavom |
vi̇̀rdavote, vi̇̀rdavot |
vi̇̀rdavo | ||
future (būsimasis laikas) |
vi̇̀rsiu | vi̇̀rsi | vi̇̀rs | vi̇̀rsime, vi̇̀rsim |
vi̇̀rsite, vi̇̀rsit |
vi̇̀rs | ||
subjunctive (tariamoji nuosaka) |
vi̇̀rčiau | vi̇̀rtum | vi̇̀rtų | vi̇̀rtumėme, vi̇̀rtumėm, vi̇̀rtume |
vi̇̀rtumėte, vi̇̀rtumėt |
vi̇̀rtų | ||
imperative (liepiamoji nuosaka) |
— | vi̇̀rk, vi̇̀rki |
tevérda | vi̇̀rkime, vi̇̀rkim |
vi̇̀rkite, vi̇̀rkit |
tevérda |
Participles of virti
Adjectival (dalyviai) | |||
---|---|---|---|
active | passive | ||
present | vérdąs, vérdantis | vérdomas | |
past | vi̇̀ręs | vi̇̀rtas | |
past frequentative | vi̇̀rdavęs | — | |
future | vi̇̀rsiąs, vi̇̀rsiantis | vi̇̀rsimas | |
participle of necessity | — | vi̇̀rtinas | |
Adverbial | |||
special (pusdalyvis) | vi̇̀rdamas | ||
half-participle (padalyviai) |
present | vérdant | |
past | vi̇̀rus | ||
past frequentative | vi̇̀rdavus | ||
future | vi̇̀rsiant | ||
manner of action (būdinys) | vi̇̀rte, vi̇̀rtinai |
Derived terms
[edit]See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “virti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 506–507
- ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), Bern, München: Francke Verlag