upirati

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *vъ + *pirati, intensive derivative form of *perti.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ǔpirati/
• Hyphenation: u‧pi‧ra‧ti

Verb

ùpirati impf (Cyrillic spelling у̀пирати, perfective ùprijēti)

1. (ambitransitive) to push forcefully (with one's finger or hand)
2. (ambitransitive) to point to resolutely
3. (ambitransitive) to exert strength, to make an effort

Conjugation

Conjugation of upirati

infinitive		upirati
present verbal adverb		ùpirūći
past verbal adverb		ùpiravši
verbal noun		upiranje
		singular			plural
		1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
present		upirem	upireš	upire	upiremo	upirete	upiru
future	future I	upirat ću1 upiraću	upirat ćeš1 upiraćeš	upirat će1 upiraće	upirat ćemo1 upiraćemo	upirat ćete1 upiraćete	upirat ćē1 upiraće
	future II	bȕdēm upirao2	bȕdēš upirao2	bȕdē upirao2	bȕdēmo upirali2	bȕdēte upirali2	bȕdū upirali2
past	perfect	upirao sam2	upirao si2	upirao je2	upirali smo2	upirali ste2	upirali su2
	pluperfect3	bȉo sam upirao2	bȉo si upirao2	bȉo je upirao2	bíli smo upirali2	bíli ste upirali2	bíli su upirali2
	imperfect	upirah	upiraše	upiraše	upirasmo	upiraste	upirahu
conditional	conditional I	upirao bih2	upirao bi2	upirao bi2	upirali bismo2	upirali biste2	upirali bi2
	conditional II4	bȉo bih upirao2	bȉo bi upirao2	bȉo bi upirao2	bíli bismo upirali2	bíli biste upirali2	bíli bi upirali2
imperative		—	upiri	—	upirimo	upirite	—
active past participle		upirao m / upirala f / upiralo n			upirali m / upirale f / upirala n
passive past participle		upiran m / upirana f / upirano n			upirani m / upirane f / upirana n

¹   Croatian spelling: others omit the infinitive suffix completely and bind the clitic.
²   For masculine nouns; a feminine or neuter agent would use the feminine and neuter gender forms of the active past participle and auxiliary verb, respectively.
³   Often replaced by the past perfect in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (“to be”) is routinely dropped.
⁴   Often replaced by the conditional I in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (“to be”) is routinely dropped.
  *Note: The aorist and imperfect were not present in, or have nowadays fallen into disuse in, many dialects and therefore they are routinely replaced by the past perfect in both formal and colloquial speech.

Further reading

• “upirati”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025