tupsahtaa
Appearance
Finnish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]tupsahtaa
- to happen unexpectedly
- Vieraat tulla tupsahtivat.
- Suddenly, the guests came.
Conjugation
[edit]Inflection of tupsahtaa (Kotus type 53*F/muistaa, t-d gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
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indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | tupsahdan | en tupsahda | 1st sing. | olen tupsahtanut | en ole tupsahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | tupsahdat | et tupsahda | 2nd sing. | olet tupsahtanut | et ole tupsahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | tupsahtaa | ei tupsahda | 3rd sing. | on tupsahtanut | ei ole tupsahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | tupsahdamme | emme tupsahda | 1st plur. | olemme tupsahtaneet | emme ole tupsahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | tupsahdatte | ette tupsahda | 2nd plur. | olette tupsahtaneet | ette ole tupsahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | tupsahtavat | eivät tupsahda | 3rd plur. | ovat tupsahtaneet | eivät ole tupsahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | tupsahdetaan | ei tupsahdeta | passive | on tupsahdettu | ei ole tupsahdettu | ||||||||||||||||
past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | tupsahdin | en tupsahtanut | 1st sing. | olin tupsahtanut | en ollut tupsahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | tupsahdit | et tupsahtanut | 2nd sing. | olit tupsahtanut | et ollut tupsahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | tupsahti | ei tupsahtanut | 3rd sing. | oli tupsahtanut | ei ollut tupsahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | tupsahdimme | emme tupsahtaneet | 1st plur. | olimme tupsahtaneet | emme olleet tupsahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | tupsahditte | ette tupsahtaneet | 2nd plur. | olitte tupsahtaneet | ette olleet tupsahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | tupsahtivat | eivät tupsahtaneet | 3rd plur. | olivat tupsahtaneet | eivät olleet tupsahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | tupsahdettiin | ei tupsahdettu | passive | oli tupsahdettu | ei ollut tupsahdettu | ||||||||||||||||
conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | tupsahtaisin | en tupsahtaisi | 1st sing. | olisin tupsahtanut | en olisi tupsahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | tupsahtaisit | et tupsahtaisi | 2nd sing. | olisit tupsahtanut | et olisi tupsahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | tupsahtaisi | ei tupsahtaisi | 3rd sing. | olisi tupsahtanut | ei olisi tupsahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | tupsahtaisimme | emme tupsahtaisi | 1st plur. | olisimme tupsahtaneet | emme olisi tupsahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | tupsahtaisitte | ette tupsahtaisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte tupsahtaneet | ette olisi tupsahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | tupsahtaisivat | eivät tupsahtaisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat tupsahtaneet | eivät olisi tupsahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | tupsahdettaisiin | ei tupsahdettaisi | passive | olisi tupsahdettu | ei olisi tupsahdettu | ||||||||||||||||
imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | tupsahda | älä tupsahda | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | tupsahtakoon | älköön tupsahtako | 3rd sing. | olkoon tupsahtanut | älköön olko tupsahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | tupsahtakaamme | älkäämme tupsahtako | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | tupsahtakaa | älkää tupsahtako | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | tupsahtakoot | älkööt tupsahtako | 3rd plur. | olkoot tupsahtaneet | älkööt olko tupsahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | tupsahdettakoon | älköön tupsahdettako | passive | olkoon tupsahdettu | älköön olko tupsahdettu | ||||||||||||||||
potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | tupsahtanen | en tupsahtane | 1st sing. | lienen tupsahtanut | en liene tupsahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | tupsahtanet | et tupsahtane | 2nd sing. | lienet tupsahtanut | et liene tupsahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | tupsahtanee | ei tupsahtane | 3rd sing. | lienee tupsahtanut | ei liene tupsahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | tupsahtanemme | emme tupsahtane | 1st plur. | lienemme tupsahtaneet | emme liene tupsahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | tupsahtanette | ette tupsahtane | 2nd plur. | lienette tupsahtaneet | ette liene tupsahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | tupsahtanevat | eivät tupsahtane | 3rd plur. | lienevät tupsahtaneet | eivät liene tupsahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | tupsahdettaneen | ei tupsahdettane | passive | lienee tupsahdettu | ei liene tupsahdettu | ||||||||||||||||
Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
1st | tupsahtaa | present | tupsahtava | tupsahdettava | |||||||||||||||||
long 1st1 |
|
past | tupsahtanut | tupsahdettu | |||||||||||||||||
2nd | inessive2 | tupsahtaessa | tupsahdettaessa | agent4 | tupsahtama | ||||||||||||||||
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negative | tupsahtamaton | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | tupsahtaen | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.
2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). unlike the first infinitive (the lemma form), even though they are spelled identically. | ||||||||||||||||||
3rd | inessive | tupsahtamassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
elative | tupsahtamasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
illative | tupsahtamaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
adessive | tupsahtamalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
abessive | tupsahtamatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | tupsahtaman | tupsahdettaman | |||||||||||||||||||
4th3 | verbal noun | tupsahtaminen | |||||||||||||||||||
5th1 |
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Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words][1] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
Further reading
[edit]- “tupsahtaa”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][2] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03