tuima
Appearance
Finnish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *tuima, of unknown further origin. Cognate with Karelian tuima (“tasteless”), Votic tuim (“tasteless”); Estonian tuim (“dull, limp”), Livonian tuima (“dull, limp, slow”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]tuima (comparative tuimempi, superlative tuimin)
- (of powers of nature, struggle etc.) severe, vigorous, fierce
- 1840, Elias Lönnrot, “Poem nr. 6 Toivoton rakkaus (Hopeless love)”, in Kanteletar, Helsinki: Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura, page 21:
- Tuuli on tuima ja ankarat aallot, Ruuhet on rannalla pienoiset; Ruuhet on rannalla pienoiset, Kultani sormet on hienoiset. Ele lähe kultani aaltojen waltaan! - Aallot ne pian sinun pettäisi. Sitte ei suru mua heittäisi, Ennenkun multaki peittäisi.
- The wind is fierce and the waves are high, The Boats on the shore are tiny. Boats on the shore are tiny, The fingers of my love are lovely. Don't leave, my dear, to the mercy of the waves! - The waves would soon betray you. Then would never the sorrow me leave, Until the earth me would cover.
- stern, somber, severe, grim (grim and forbidding in appearance)
- 2009, Uma Karma, Kaiken se kestää, Helsinki: Books on Demand, →ISBN, page 240:
- Tuima ilme Tuukan kasvoilla pehmeni asteittain ja hän tiesi hävinneensä Lotan kanssa käydyn tuijotuskisan.
- Tuukka's stern face smoothened gradually and he knew that he had lost the staring contest against Lotta.
- (of food, Western Finnish) spicy, sharp, pungent, excessively salty (having a strong taste)
- 1985, Maija Länsimäki, “Onko ruoka tuimaa?”, in Kielikello[1], number 3, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten keskus (Kotus):
- Ällistelyn aihetta tuima-sana aiheuttaa – kuten Linnan sotilaillekin – vasta silloin, kun sitä käytetään ruoan tai juoman maun luonnehtimiseen. Länsi-Suomessa (…) tuima merkitsee ’väkevää, voimakasta, kirpeää, (liian) suolaista’. Aivan päinvastainen merkitys tuimalla on Itä-Suomessa – ja paikoin lännempänäkin.
- The word tuima gives cause for wonderment - exactly as it did to the soldiers of Linna - only when it is used to describe the taste of food or drink. In western Finland (…) tuima means spicy, strong in taste, sharp, (too) salty. The meaning of tuima is exactly the opposite in eastern Finland - and also in some places more towards the west.
- 1960, several authors, Turun historiallinen arkisto (The historical archive of Turku), Vol. XV, Turku: Turun Kansallinen Kirjakauppa, page 186:
- Eniten herätti huomiota herätti, että Kalajoella oli suolakaivoja, joista talonpojat ottivat suolaa. Lihan ja kalan suolaamiseen se kuitenkin oli liian tuimaa. Myös Vöyriltä ja Laihialta ilmoitettiin suolakaivoja. Vuorikollegio olikin kääntynyt Harmensin puoleen ja esittänyt hänelle, että hän koettaisi saada suolan näissä kaivoissa paremmaksi ...
- Most noteworthy was that in Kalajoki there were salt wells from which the peasants took salt. However, it was too pungent for salting of meat and fish. Salt wells were also reported in Vöyri and Laihia. The Mining Collegium had already approached Harmens and suggested to him that he would make an effort to improve the quality of salt in these wells.
- (of food, Eastern Finnish) bland, saltless, lacking salt
- 1964, Kotiseutu, Helsinki: Suomen kotiseutuliitto (Finnish Local Heritage Federation), page 107:
- Tavallisesti Pielinen palkitsi nuottueen vaivat tyydyttävästi: 2—5 korvoa oli kotiin palaajilla veneissään suolakalaa. Tuimaa kalaa tuotiin vain parin keiton verran tuliaisiksi.
- Normally Lake Pielinen would reward the fishermen's toiling satisfactorily: the returning boats used to bring home 2-5 tubs of salted fish. Fresh fish was usually brought only for the needs of a few kettles of soup.
Declension
[edit]Inflection of tuima (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation) | |||
---|---|---|---|
nominative | tuima | tuimat | |
genitive | tuiman | tuimien | |
partitive | tuimaa | tuimia | |
illative | tuimaan | tuimiin | |
singular | plural | ||
nominative | tuima | tuimat | |
accusative | nom. | tuima | tuimat |
gen. | tuiman | ||
genitive | tuiman | tuimien tuimain rare | |
partitive | tuimaa | tuimia | |
inessive | tuimassa | tuimissa | |
elative | tuimasta | tuimista | |
illative | tuimaan | tuimiin | |
adessive | tuimalla | tuimilla | |
ablative | tuimalta | tuimilta | |
allative | tuimalle | tuimille | |
essive | tuimana | tuimina | |
translative | tuimaksi | tuimiksi | |
abessive | tuimatta | tuimitta | |
instructive | — | tuimin | |
comitative | — | tuimine |
Synonyms
[edit]- (vigorous, fierce): ankara, kiihkeä, kiivas, raju, tuikea, tulinen
- (forbidding in appearance): ankara, tuikea
- (strong in taste): tulinen, mausteinen, väkevä (spicy); suolainen (salty); kirpeä (sharp)
- (lacking salt): suolaton, laimea, mauton
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “tuima”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][2] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
Anagrams
[edit]Ingrian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *tuima. Cognates include Finnish tuima and Estonian tuim.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈtui̯mɑ/, [ˈtui̯m]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈtui̯mɑ/, [ˈtui̯mɑ]
- (Hevaha) IPA(key): /ˈtui̯mɑ/, [ˈtui̯mɑ]
- Rhymes: -ui̯m, -ui̯mɑ
- Hyphenation: tui‧ma
Adjective
[edit]tuima (comparative tuimemp)
- grim
- 1915, Volmari Porkka, quoting Annu-nuorikko, “607. Narvusi, Pärspää, II1”, in Väinö Salminen, editor, Suomen Kansan Vanhat Runot. Länsi-Inkerin runot[3], volume III1, Suomalaisen Kirjallisuuden Seura, lines 20-21:
- Tuuli tuutsa, aivoin tuima, // Meren viihkura vihaine,
- A raincloud blew, completely grim, // The angry wind of the sea,
- bland, saltless
Declension
[edit]Declension of tuima (type 3/koira, no gradation) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | tuima | tuimat |
genitive | tuiman | tuimiin |
partitive | tuimaa | tuimia |
illative | tuimaa | tuimii |
inessive | tuimaas | tuimiis |
elative | tuimast | tuimist |
allative | tuimalle | tuimille |
adessive | tuimaal | tuimiil |
ablative | tuimalt | tuimilt |
translative | tuimaks | tuimiks |
essive | tuimanna, tuimaan | tuiminna, tuimiin |
exessive1) | tuimant | tuimint |
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. |
References
[edit]- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 605
- Arvo Laanest (1997) Isuri keele Hevaha murde sõnastik, Eesti Keele Instituut, page 203
Categories:
- Finnish terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Finnish 2-syllable words
- Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Finnish/uimɑ
- Rhymes:Finnish/uimɑ/2 syllables
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish adjectives
- Finnish terms with quotations
- Western Finnish
- Eastern Finnish
- Finnish koira-type nominals
- fi:Taste
- Ingrian terms inherited from Proto-Finnic
- Ingrian terms derived from Proto-Finnic
- Ingrian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Ingrian/ui̯m
- Rhymes:Ingrian/ui̯m/2 syllables
- Rhymes:Ingrian/ui̯mɑ
- Rhymes:Ingrian/ui̯mɑ/2 syllables
- Ingrian lemmas
- Ingrian adjectives
- Ingrian terms with quotations
- izh:Taste