toirmisc

Irish

Etymology 1

From Middle Irish toirmiscid, from Old Irish do·airmesca (“hinders, obstructs, restrains, checks, forbids”, verb).

Verb

toirmisc (present analytic toirmisceann, future analytic toirmiscfidh, verbal noun toirmeasc, past participle toirmiscthe)

1. (transitive, intransitive) prohibit, forbid; prevent, hinder

Conjugation

conjugation of toirmisc (first conjugation – A)

		singular			plural			relative	autonomous
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative	present	toirmiscim	toirmisceann tú; toirmiscir†	toirmisceann sé, sí	toirmiscimid	toirmisceann sibh	toirmisceann siad; toirmiscid†	a thoirmisceann; a thoirmisceas / a dtoirmisceann*	toirmisctear
	past	thoirmisc mé; thoirmisceas	thoirmisc tú; thoirmiscis	thoirmisc sé, sí	thoirmisceamar; thoirmisc muid	thoirmisc sibh; thoirmisceabhair	thoirmisc siad; thoirmisceadar	a thoirmisc / ar thoirmisc*	toirmisceadh
	past habitual	thoirmiscinn / dtoirmiscinn‡‡	thoirmiscteá / dtoirmiscteᇇ	thoirmisceadh sé, sí / dtoirmisceadh sé, s퇇	thoirmiscimis; thoirmisceadh muid / dtoirmiscimis‡‡; dtoirmisceadh muid‡‡	thoirmisceadh sibh / dtoirmisceadh sibh‡‡	thoirmiscidís; thoirmisceadh siad / dtoirmiscidís‡‡; dtoirmisceadh siad‡‡	a thoirmisceadh / a dtoirmisceadh*	thoirmisctí / dtoirmisct퇇
future		toirmiscfidh mé; toirmiscfead	toirmiscfidh tú; toirmiscfir†	toirmiscfidh sé, sí	toirmiscfimid; toirmiscfidh muid	toirmiscfidh sibh	toirmiscfidh siad; toirmiscfid†	a thoirmiscfidh; a thoirmiscfeas / a dtoirmiscfidh*	toirmiscfear
conditional		thoirmiscfinn / dtoirmiscfinn‡‡	thoirmiscfeá / dtoirmiscfeᇇ	thoirmiscfeadh sé, sí / dtoirmiscfeadh sé, s퇇	thoirmiscfimis; thoirmiscfeadh muid / dtoirmiscfimis‡‡; dtoirmiscfeadh muid‡‡	thoirmiscfeadh sibh / dtoirmiscfeadh sibh‡‡	thoirmiscfidís; thoirmiscfeadh siad / dtoirmiscfidís‡‡; dtoirmiscfeadh siad‡‡	a thoirmiscfeadh / a dtoirmiscfeadh*	thoirmiscfí / dtoirmiscf퇇
subjunctive	present	go dtoirmisce mé; go dtoirmiscead†	go dtoirmisce tú; go dtoirmiscir†	go dtoirmisce sé, sí	go dtoirmiscimid; go dtoirmisce muid	go dtoirmisce sibh	go dtoirmisce siad; go dtoirmiscid†	—	go dtoirmisctear
	past	dá dtoirmiscinn	dá dtoirmiscteá	dá dtoirmisceadh sé, sí	dá dtoirmiscimis; dá dtoirmisceadh muid	dá dtoirmisceadh sibh	dá dtoirmiscidís; dá dtoirmisceadh siad	—	dá dtoirmisctí
imperative		toirmiscim	toirmisc	toirmisceadh sé, sí	toirmiscimis	toirmiscigí; toirmiscidh†	toirmiscidís	—	toirmisctear
verbal noun		toirmeasc
past participle		toirmiscthe

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Alternative forms

• toirmeascaigh

Derived terms

• toirmeascaí m (“prohibitor; hinderer, obstructor; mischief-maker”)

Etymology 2

Adjective

toirmisc

1. proscriptive

Noun

toirmisc m

1. inflection of toirmeasc (“prohibition; prevention, hindrance; mischief, dissension; mishap, misfortune”):
   1. vocative/genitive singular
   2. nominative/dative plural

Mutation

Mutated forms of toirmisc

radical	lenition	eclipsis
toirmisc	thoirmisc	dtoirmisc

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “toirmisc”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “toirmiscid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “do·airmesca”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “toirmisc”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
• “toirmisc”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2024