From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
-thuka?
- (transitive) to insult
This verb needs an inflection-table template.
Clipping of -ethúka.
-thúka
- (transitive, intransitive) Alternative form of -ethúka
Tone H
|
Infinitive
|
ukuthuka
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
Infinitive
|
ukuthuka
|
ukungathuki
|
|
Imperative
|
|
Simple
|
+ object concord
|
Singular
|
thuka
|
-thuke
|
Plural
|
thukani
|
-thukeni
|
|
Present
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyathuka, ngithuka
|
engithukayo, engithuka
|
ngithuka
|
angithuki
|
engingathuki
|
ngingathuki
|
2nd singular
|
uyathuka, uthuka
|
othukayo, othuka
|
uthuka
|
awuthuki
|
ongathuki
|
ungathuki
|
1st plural
|
siyathuka, sithuka
|
esithukayo, esithuka
|
sithuka
|
asithuki
|
esingathuki
|
singathuki
|
2nd plural
|
niyathuka, nithuka
|
enithukayo, enithuka
|
nithuka
|
anithuki
|
eningathuki
|
ningathuki
|
Class 1
|
uyathuka, uthuka
|
othukayo, othuka
|
ethuka
|
akathuki
|
ongathuki
|
engathuki
|
Class 2
|
bayathuka, bathuka
|
abathukayo, abathuka
|
bethuka
|
abathuki
|
abangathuki
|
bengathuki
|
Class 3
|
uyathuka, uthuka
|
othukayo, othuka
|
uthuka
|
awuthuki
|
ongathuki
|
ungathuki
|
Class 4
|
iyathuka, ithuka
|
ethukayo, ethuka
|
ithuka
|
ayithuki
|
engathuki
|
ingathuki
|
Class 5
|
liyathuka, lithuka
|
elithukayo, elithuka
|
lithuka
|
alithuki
|
elingathuki
|
lingathuki
|
Class 6
|
ayathuka, athuka
|
athukayo, athuka
|
ethuka
|
awathuki
|
angathuki
|
engathuki
|
Class 7
|
siyathuka, sithuka
|
esithukayo, esithuka
|
sithuka
|
asithuki
|
esingathuki
|
singathuki
|
Class 8
|
ziyathuka, zithuka
|
ezithukayo, ezithuka
|
zithuka
|
azithuki
|
ezingathuki
|
zingathuki
|
Class 9
|
iyathuka, ithuka
|
ethukayo, ethuka
|
ithuka
|
ayithuki
|
engathuki
|
ingathuki
|
Class 10
|
ziyathuka, zithuka
|
ezithukayo, ezithuka
|
zithuka
|
azithuki
|
ezingathuki
|
zingathuki
|
Class 11
|
luyathuka, luthuka
|
oluthukayo, oluthuka
|
luthuka
|
aluthuki
|
olungathuki
|
lungathuki
|
Class 14
|
buyathuka, buthuka
|
obuthukayo, obuthuka
|
buthuka
|
abuthuki
|
obungathuki
|
bungathuki
|
Class 15
|
kuyathuka, kuthuka
|
okuthukayo, okuthuka
|
kuthuka
|
akuthuki
|
okungathuki
|
kungathuki
|
Class 17
|
kuyathuka, kuthuka
|
okuthukayo, okuthuka
|
kuthuka
|
akuthuki
|
okungathuki
|
kungathuki
|
|
Recent past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngithukile, ngithukē
|
engithukile, engithukē
|
ngithukile, ngithukē
|
angithukanga
|
engingathukanga
|
ngingathukanga
|
2nd singular
|
uthukile, uthukē
|
othukile, othukē
|
uthukile, uthukē
|
awuthukanga
|
ongathukanga
|
ungathukanga
|
1st plural
|
sithukile, sithukē
|
esithukile, esithukē
|
sithukile, sithukē
|
asithukanga
|
esingathukanga
|
singathukanga
|
2nd plural
|
nithukile, nithukē
|
enithukile, enithukē
|
nithukile, nithukē
|
anithukanga
|
eningathukanga
|
ningathukanga
|
Class 1
|
uthukile, uthukē
|
othukile, othukē
|
ethukile, ethukē
|
akathukanga
|
ongathukanga
|
engathukanga
|
Class 2
|
bathukile, bathukē
|
abathukile, abathukē
|
bethukile, bethukē
|
abathukanga
|
abangathukanga
|
bengathukanga
|
Class 3
|
uthukile, uthukē
|
othukile, othukē
|
uthukile, uthukē
|
awuthukanga
|
ongathukanga
|
ungathukanga
|
Class 4
|
ithukile, ithukē
|
ethukile, ethukē
|
ithukile, ithukē
|
ayithukanga
|
engathukanga
|
ingathukanga
|
Class 5
|
lithukile, lithukē
|
elithukile, elithukē
|
lithukile, lithukē
|
alithukanga
|
elingathukanga
|
lingathukanga
|
Class 6
|
athukile, athukē
|
athukile, athukē
|
ethukile, ethukē
|
awathukanga
|
angathukanga
|
engathukanga
|
Class 7
|
sithukile, sithukē
|
esithukile, esithukē
|
sithukile, sithukē
|
asithukanga
|
esingathukanga
|
singathukanga
|
Class 8
|
zithukile, zithukē
|
ezithukile, ezithukē
|
zithukile, zithukē
|
azithukanga
|
ezingathukanga
|
zingathukanga
|
Class 9
|
ithukile, ithukē
|
ethukile, ethukē
|
ithukile, ithukē
|
ayithukanga
|
engathukanga
|
ingathukanga
|
Class 10
|
zithukile, zithukē
|
ezithukile, ezithukē
|
zithukile, zithukē
|
azithukanga
|
ezingathukanga
|
zingathukanga
|
Class 11
|
luthukile, luthukē
|
oluthukile, oluthukē
|
luthukile, luthukē
|
aluthukanga
|
olungathukanga
|
lungathukanga
|
Class 14
|
buthukile, buthukē
|
obuthukile, obuthukē
|
buthukile, buthukē
|
abuthukanga
|
obungathukanga
|
bungathukanga
|
Class 15
|
kuthukile, kuthukē
|
okuthukile, okuthukē
|
kuthukile, kuthukē
|
akuthukanga
|
okungathukanga
|
kungathukanga
|
Class 17
|
kuthukile, kuthukē
|
okuthukile, okuthukē
|
kuthukile, kuthukē
|
akuthukanga
|
okungathukanga
|
kungathukanga
|
|
Remote past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngāthuka
|
engāthuka
|
ngāthuka
|
angithukanga
|
engingathukanga
|
ngingathukanga
|
2nd singular
|
wāthuka
|
owāthuka
|
wāthuka
|
awuthukanga
|
ongathukanga
|
ungathukanga
|
1st plural
|
sāthuka
|
esāthuka
|
sāthuka
|
asithukanga
|
esingathukanga
|
singathukanga
|
2nd plural
|
nāthuka
|
enāthuka
|
nāthuka
|
anithukanga
|
eningathukanga
|
ningathukanga
|
Class 1
|
wāthuka
|
owāthuka
|
āthuka
|
akathukanga
|
ongathukanga
|
engathukanga
|
Class 2
|
bāthuka
|
abāthuka
|
bāthuka
|
abathukanga
|
abangathukanga
|
bengathukanga
|
Class 3
|
wāthuka
|
owāthuka
|
wāthuka
|
awuthukanga
|
ongathukanga
|
ungathukanga
|
Class 4
|
yāthuka
|
eyāthuka
|
yāthuka
|
ayithukanga
|
engathukanga
|
ingathukanga
|
Class 5
|
lāthuka
|
elāthuka
|
lāthuka
|
alithukanga
|
elingathukanga
|
lingathukanga
|
Class 6
|
āthuka
|
āthuka
|
āthuka
|
awathukanga
|
angathukanga
|
engathukanga
|
Class 7
|
sāthuka
|
esāthuka
|
sāthuka
|
asithukanga
|
esingathukanga
|
singathukanga
|
Class 8
|
zāthuka
|
ezāthuka
|
zāthuka
|
azithukanga
|
ezingathukanga
|
zingathukanga
|
Class 9
|
yāthuka
|
eyāthuka
|
yāthuka
|
ayithukanga
|
engathukanga
|
ingathukanga
|
Class 10
|
zāthuka
|
ezāthuka
|
zāthuka
|
azithukanga
|
ezingathukanga
|
zingathukanga
|
Class 11
|
lwāthuka
|
olwāthuka
|
lwāthuka
|
aluthukanga
|
olungathukanga
|
lungathukanga
|
Class 14
|
bāthuka
|
obāthuka
|
bāthuka
|
abuthukanga
|
obungathukanga
|
bungathukanga
|
Class 15
|
kwāthuka
|
okwāthuka
|
kwāthuka
|
akuthukanga
|
okungathukanga
|
kungathukanga
|
Class 17
|
kwāthuka
|
okwāthuka
|
kwāthuka
|
akuthukanga
|
okungathukanga
|
kungathukanga
|
|
Potential
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngingathuka
|
—
|
ngingathuka
|
ngingethuke
|
—
|
ngingethuke
|
2nd singular
|
ungathuka
|
—
|
ungathuka
|
ungethuke
|
—
|
ungethuke
|
1st plural
|
singathuka
|
—
|
singathuka
|
singethuke
|
—
|
singethuke
|
2nd plural
|
ningathuka
|
—
|
ningathuka
|
ningethuke
|
—
|
ningethuke
|
Class 1
|
angathuka
|
—
|
engathuka
|
angethuke
|
—
|
engethuke
|
Class 2
|
bangathuka
|
—
|
bengathuka
|
bangethuke
|
—
|
bengethuke
|
Class 3
|
ungathuka
|
—
|
ungathuka
|
ungethuke
|
—
|
ungethuke
|
Class 4
|
ingathuka
|
—
|
ingathuka
|
ingethuke
|
—
|
ingethuke
|
Class 5
|
lingathuka
|
—
|
lingathuka
|
lingethuke
|
—
|
lingethuke
|
Class 6
|
angathuka
|
—
|
engathuka
|
angethuke
|
—
|
engethuke
|
Class 7
|
singathuka
|
—
|
singathuka
|
singethuke
|
—
|
singethuke
|
Class 8
|
zingathuka
|
—
|
zingathuka
|
zingethuke
|
—
|
zingethuke
|
Class 9
|
ingathuka
|
—
|
ingathuka
|
ingethuke
|
—
|
ingethuke
|
Class 10
|
zingathuka
|
—
|
zingathuka
|
zingethuke
|
—
|
zingethuke
|
Class 11
|
lungathuka
|
—
|
lungathuka
|
lungethuke
|
—
|
lungethuke
|
Class 14
|
bungathuka
|
—
|
bungathuka
|
bungethuke
|
—
|
bungethuke
|
Class 15
|
kungathuka
|
—
|
kungathuka
|
kungethuke
|
—
|
kungethuke
|
Class 17
|
kungathuka
|
—
|
kungathuka
|
kungethuke
|
—
|
kungethuke
|
|
Immediate future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngizothuka
|
engizothuka
|
ngizothuka
|
angizuthuka
|
engingezuthuka
|
ngingezuthuka
|
2nd singular
|
uzothuka
|
ozothuka
|
uzothuka
|
awuzuthuka
|
ongezuthuka
|
ungezuthuka
|
1st plural
|
sizothuka
|
esizothuka
|
sizothuka
|
asizuthuka
|
esingezuthuka
|
singezuthuka
|
2nd plural
|
nizothuka
|
enizothuka
|
nizothuka
|
anizuthuka
|
eningezuthuka
|
ningezuthuka
|
Class 1
|
uzothuka
|
ozothuka
|
ezothuka
|
akazuthuka
|
ongezuthuka
|
engezuthuka
|
Class 2
|
bazothuka
|
abazothuka
|
bezothuka
|
abazuthuka
|
abangezuthuka
|
bengezuthuka
|
Class 3
|
uzothuka
|
ozothuka
|
uzothuka
|
awuzuthuka
|
ongezuthuka
|
ungezuthuka
|
Class 4
|
izothuka
|
ezothuka
|
izothuka
|
ayizuthuka
|
engezuthuka
|
ingezuthuka
|
Class 5
|
lizothuka
|
elizothuka
|
lizothuka
|
alizuthuka
|
elingezuthuka
|
lingezuthuka
|
Class 6
|
azothuka
|
azothuka
|
ezothuka
|
awazuthuka
|
angezuthuka
|
engezuthuka
|
Class 7
|
sizothuka
|
esizothuka
|
sizothuka
|
asizuthuka
|
esingezuthuka
|
singezuthuka
|
Class 8
|
zizothuka
|
ezizothuka
|
zizothuka
|
azizuthuka
|
ezingezuthuka
|
zingezuthuka
|
Class 9
|
izothuka
|
ezothuka
|
izothuka
|
ayizuthuka
|
engezuthuka
|
ingezuthuka
|
Class 10
|
zizothuka
|
ezizothuka
|
zizothuka
|
azizuthuka
|
ezingezuthuka
|
zingezuthuka
|
Class 11
|
luzothuka
|
oluzothuka
|
luzothuka
|
aluzuthuka
|
olungezuthuka
|
lungezuthuka
|
Class 14
|
buzothuka
|
obuzothuka
|
buzothuka
|
abuzuthuka
|
obungezuthuka
|
bungezuthuka
|
Class 15
|
kuzothuka
|
okuzothuka
|
kuzothuka
|
akuzuthuka
|
okungezuthuka
|
kungezuthuka
|
Class 17
|
kuzothuka
|
okuzothuka
|
kuzothuka
|
akuzuthuka
|
okungezuthuka
|
kungezuthuka
|
|
Remote future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyothuka
|
engiyothuka
|
ngiyothuka
|
angiyuthuka
|
engingeyuthuka
|
ngingeyuthuka
|
2nd singular
|
uyothuka
|
oyothuka
|
uyothuka
|
awuyuthuka
|
ongeyuthuka
|
ungeyuthuka
|
1st plural
|
siyothuka
|
esiyothuka
|
siyothuka
|
asiyuthuka
|
esingeyuthuka
|
singeyuthuka
|
2nd plural
|
niyothuka
|
eniyothuka
|
niyothuka
|
aniyuthuka
|
eningeyuthuka
|
ningeyuthuka
|
Class 1
|
uyothuka
|
oyothuka
|
eyothuka
|
akayuthuka
|
ongeyuthuka
|
engeyuthuka
|
Class 2
|
bayothuka
|
abayothuka
|
beyothuka
|
abayuthuka
|
abangeyuthuka
|
bengeyuthuka
|
Class 3
|
uyothuka
|
oyothuka
|
uyothuka
|
awuyuthuka
|
ongeyuthuka
|
ungeyuthuka
|
Class 4
|
iyothuka
|
eyothuka
|
iyothuka
|
ayiyuthuka
|
engeyuthuka
|
ingeyuthuka
|
Class 5
|
liyothuka
|
eliyothuka
|
liyothuka
|
aliyuthuka
|
elingeyuthuka
|
lingeyuthuka
|
Class 6
|
ayothuka
|
ayothuka
|
eyothuka
|
awayuthuka
|
angeyuthuka
|
engeyuthuka
|
Class 7
|
siyothuka
|
esiyothuka
|
siyothuka
|
asiyuthuka
|
esingeyuthuka
|
singeyuthuka
|
Class 8
|
ziyothuka
|
eziyothuka
|
ziyothuka
|
aziyuthuka
|
ezingeyuthuka
|
zingeyuthuka
|
Class 9
|
iyothuka
|
eyothuka
|
iyothuka
|
ayiyuthuka
|
engeyuthuka
|
ingeyuthuka
|
Class 10
|
ziyothuka
|
eziyothuka
|
ziyothuka
|
aziyuthuka
|
ezingeyuthuka
|
zingeyuthuka
|
Class 11
|
luyothuka
|
oluyothuka
|
luyothuka
|
aluyuthuka
|
olungeyuthuka
|
lungeyuthuka
|
Class 14
|
buyothuka
|
obuyothuka
|
buyothuka
|
abuyuthuka
|
obungeyuthuka
|
bungeyuthuka
|
Class 15
|
kuyothuka
|
okuyothuka
|
kuyothuka
|
akuyuthuka
|
okungeyuthuka
|
kungeyuthuka
|
Class 17
|
kuyothuka
|
okuyothuka
|
kuyothuka
|
akuyuthuka
|
okungeyuthuka
|
kungeyuthuka
|
|
Present subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngithuke
|
ngingathuki
|
2nd singular
|
uthuke
|
ungathuki
|
1st plural
|
sithuke
|
singathuki
|
2nd plural
|
nithuke
|
ningathuki
|
Class 1
|
athuke
|
angathuki
|
Class 2
|
bathuke
|
bangathuki
|
Class 3
|
uthuke
|
ungathuki
|
Class 4
|
ithuke
|
ingathuki
|
Class 5
|
lithuke
|
lingathuki
|
Class 6
|
athuke
|
angathuki
|
Class 7
|
sithuke
|
singathuki
|
Class 8
|
zithuke
|
zingathuki
|
Class 9
|
ithuke
|
ingathuki
|
Class 10
|
zithuke
|
zingathuki
|
Class 11
|
luthuke
|
lungathuki
|
Class 14
|
buthuke
|
bungathuki
|
Class 15
|
kuthuke
|
kungathuki
|
Class 17
|
kuthuke
|
kungathuki
|
|
Past subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngathuka
|
ngangathuka, angathuka, angangathuka
|
2nd singular
|
wathuka
|
wangathuka, awathuka, awangathuka
|
1st plural
|
sathuka
|
sangathuka, asathuka, asangathuka
|
2nd plural
|
nathuka
|
nangathuka, anathuka, anangathuka
|
Class 1
|
wathuka
|
wangathuka, akathuka, akangathuka
|
Class 2
|
bathuka
|
bangathuka, abathuka, abangathuka
|
Class 3
|
wathuka
|
wangathuka, awathuka, awangathuka
|
Class 4
|
yathuka
|
yangathuka, ayathuka, ayangathuka
|
Class 5
|
lathuka
|
langathuka, alathuka, alangathuka
|
Class 6
|
athuka
|
angathuka, awathuka, awangathuka
|
Class 7
|
sathuka
|
sangathuka, asathuka, asangathuka
|
Class 8
|
zathuka
|
zangathuka, azathuka, azangathuka
|
Class 9
|
yathuka
|
yangathuka, ayathuka, ayangathuka
|
Class 10
|
zathuka
|
zangathuka, azathuka, azangathuka
|
Class 11
|
lwathuka
|
lwangathuka, alwathuka, alwangathuka
|
Class 14
|
bathuka
|
bangathuka, abathuka, abangathuka
|
Class 15
|
kwathuka
|
kwangathuka, akwathuka, akwangathuka
|
Class 17
|
kwathuka
|
kwangathuka, akwathuka, akwangathuka
|
Clipping of -ethuka.
thuka
- (intransitive) Alternative form of -ethuka
Tone L
|
Infinitive
|
ukuthuka
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
Infinitive
|
ukuthuka
|
ukungathuki
|
|
Imperative
|
|
Simple
|
+ object concord
|
Singular
|
thuka
|
-thuke
|
Plural
|
thukani
|
-thukeni
|
|
Present
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyathuka, ngithuka
|
engithukayo, engithuka
|
ngithuka
|
angithuki
|
engingathuki
|
ngingathuki
|
2nd singular
|
uyathuka, uthuka
|
othukayo, othuka
|
uthuka
|
awuthuki
|
ongathuki
|
ungathuki
|
1st plural
|
siyathuka, sithuka
|
esithukayo, esithuka
|
sithuka
|
asithuki
|
esingathuki
|
singathuki
|
2nd plural
|
niyathuka, nithuka
|
enithukayo, enithuka
|
nithuka
|
anithuki
|
eningathuki
|
ningathuki
|
Class 1
|
uyathuka, uthuka
|
othukayo, othuka
|
ethuka
|
akathuki
|
ongathuki
|
engathuki
|
Class 2
|
bayathuka, bathuka
|
abathukayo, abathuka
|
bethuka
|
abathuki
|
abangathuki
|
bengathuki
|
Class 3
|
uyathuka, uthuka
|
othukayo, othuka
|
uthuka
|
awuthuki
|
ongathuki
|
ungathuki
|
Class 4
|
iyathuka, ithuka
|
ethukayo, ethuka
|
ithuka
|
ayithuki
|
engathuki
|
ingathuki
|
Class 5
|
liyathuka, lithuka
|
elithukayo, elithuka
|
lithuka
|
alithuki
|
elingathuki
|
lingathuki
|
Class 6
|
ayathuka, athuka
|
athukayo, athuka
|
ethuka
|
awathuki
|
angathuki
|
engathuki
|
Class 7
|
siyathuka, sithuka
|
esithukayo, esithuka
|
sithuka
|
asithuki
|
esingathuki
|
singathuki
|
Class 8
|
ziyathuka, zithuka
|
ezithukayo, ezithuka
|
zithuka
|
azithuki
|
ezingathuki
|
zingathuki
|
Class 9
|
iyathuka, ithuka
|
ethukayo, ethuka
|
ithuka
|
ayithuki
|
engathuki
|
ingathuki
|
Class 10
|
ziyathuka, zithuka
|
ezithukayo, ezithuka
|
zithuka
|
azithuki
|
ezingathuki
|
zingathuki
|
Class 11
|
luyathuka, luthuka
|
oluthukayo, oluthuka
|
luthuka
|
aluthuki
|
olungathuki
|
lungathuki
|
Class 14
|
buyathuka, buthuka
|
obuthukayo, obuthuka
|
buthuka
|
abuthuki
|
obungathuki
|
bungathuki
|
Class 15
|
kuyathuka, kuthuka
|
okuthukayo, okuthuka
|
kuthuka
|
akuthuki
|
okungathuki
|
kungathuki
|
Class 17
|
kuyathuka, kuthuka
|
okuthukayo, okuthuka
|
kuthuka
|
akuthuki
|
okungathuki
|
kungathuki
|
|
Recent past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngithukile, ngithukē
|
engithukile, engithukē
|
ngithukile, ngithukē
|
angithukanga
|
engingathukanga
|
ngingathukanga
|
2nd singular
|
uthukile, uthukē
|
othukile, othukē
|
uthukile, uthukē
|
awuthukanga
|
ongathukanga
|
ungathukanga
|
1st plural
|
sithukile, sithukē
|
esithukile, esithukē
|
sithukile, sithukē
|
asithukanga
|
esingathukanga
|
singathukanga
|
2nd plural
|
nithukile, nithukē
|
enithukile, enithukē
|
nithukile, nithukē
|
anithukanga
|
eningathukanga
|
ningathukanga
|
Class 1
|
uthukile, uthukē
|
othukile, othukē
|
ethukile, ethukē
|
akathukanga
|
ongathukanga
|
engathukanga
|
Class 2
|
bathukile, bathukē
|
abathukile, abathukē
|
bethukile, bethukē
|
abathukanga
|
abangathukanga
|
bengathukanga
|
Class 3
|
uthukile, uthukē
|
othukile, othukē
|
uthukile, uthukē
|
awuthukanga
|
ongathukanga
|
ungathukanga
|
Class 4
|
ithukile, ithukē
|
ethukile, ethukē
|
ithukile, ithukē
|
ayithukanga
|
engathukanga
|
ingathukanga
|
Class 5
|
lithukile, lithukē
|
elithukile, elithukē
|
lithukile, lithukē
|
alithukanga
|
elingathukanga
|
lingathukanga
|
Class 6
|
athukile, athukē
|
athukile, athukē
|
ethukile, ethukē
|
awathukanga
|
angathukanga
|
engathukanga
|
Class 7
|
sithukile, sithukē
|
esithukile, esithukē
|
sithukile, sithukē
|
asithukanga
|
esingathukanga
|
singathukanga
|
Class 8
|
zithukile, zithukē
|
ezithukile, ezithukē
|
zithukile, zithukē
|
azithukanga
|
ezingathukanga
|
zingathukanga
|
Class 9
|
ithukile, ithukē
|
ethukile, ethukē
|
ithukile, ithukē
|
ayithukanga
|
engathukanga
|
ingathukanga
|
Class 10
|
zithukile, zithukē
|
ezithukile, ezithukē
|
zithukile, zithukē
|
azithukanga
|
ezingathukanga
|
zingathukanga
|
Class 11
|
luthukile, luthukē
|
oluthukile, oluthukē
|
luthukile, luthukē
|
aluthukanga
|
olungathukanga
|
lungathukanga
|
Class 14
|
buthukile, buthukē
|
obuthukile, obuthukē
|
buthukile, buthukē
|
abuthukanga
|
obungathukanga
|
bungathukanga
|
Class 15
|
kuthukile, kuthukē
|
okuthukile, okuthukē
|
kuthukile, kuthukē
|
akuthukanga
|
okungathukanga
|
kungathukanga
|
Class 17
|
kuthukile, kuthukē
|
okuthukile, okuthukē
|
kuthukile, kuthukē
|
akuthukanga
|
okungathukanga
|
kungathukanga
|
|
Remote past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngāthuka
|
engāthuka
|
ngāthuka
|
angithukanga
|
engingathukanga
|
ngingathukanga
|
2nd singular
|
wāthuka
|
owāthuka
|
wāthuka
|
awuthukanga
|
ongathukanga
|
ungathukanga
|
1st plural
|
sāthuka
|
esāthuka
|
sāthuka
|
asithukanga
|
esingathukanga
|
singathukanga
|
2nd plural
|
nāthuka
|
enāthuka
|
nāthuka
|
anithukanga
|
eningathukanga
|
ningathukanga
|
Class 1
|
wāthuka
|
owāthuka
|
āthuka
|
akathukanga
|
ongathukanga
|
engathukanga
|
Class 2
|
bāthuka
|
abāthuka
|
bāthuka
|
abathukanga
|
abangathukanga
|
bengathukanga
|
Class 3
|
wāthuka
|
owāthuka
|
wāthuka
|
awuthukanga
|
ongathukanga
|
ungathukanga
|
Class 4
|
yāthuka
|
eyāthuka
|
yāthuka
|
ayithukanga
|
engathukanga
|
ingathukanga
|
Class 5
|
lāthuka
|
elāthuka
|
lāthuka
|
alithukanga
|
elingathukanga
|
lingathukanga
|
Class 6
|
āthuka
|
āthuka
|
āthuka
|
awathukanga
|
angathukanga
|
engathukanga
|
Class 7
|
sāthuka
|
esāthuka
|
sāthuka
|
asithukanga
|
esingathukanga
|
singathukanga
|
Class 8
|
zāthuka
|
ezāthuka
|
zāthuka
|
azithukanga
|
ezingathukanga
|
zingathukanga
|
Class 9
|
yāthuka
|
eyāthuka
|
yāthuka
|
ayithukanga
|
engathukanga
|
ingathukanga
|
Class 10
|
zāthuka
|
ezāthuka
|
zāthuka
|
azithukanga
|
ezingathukanga
|
zingathukanga
|
Class 11
|
lwāthuka
|
olwāthuka
|
lwāthuka
|
aluthukanga
|
olungathukanga
|
lungathukanga
|
Class 14
|
bāthuka
|
obāthuka
|
bāthuka
|
abuthukanga
|
obungathukanga
|
bungathukanga
|
Class 15
|
kwāthuka
|
okwāthuka
|
kwāthuka
|
akuthukanga
|
okungathukanga
|
kungathukanga
|
Class 17
|
kwāthuka
|
okwāthuka
|
kwāthuka
|
akuthukanga
|
okungathukanga
|
kungathukanga
|
|
Potential
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngingathuka
|
—
|
ngingathuka
|
ngingethuke
|
—
|
ngingethuke
|
2nd singular
|
ungathuka
|
—
|
ungathuka
|
ungethuke
|
—
|
ungethuke
|
1st plural
|
singathuka
|
—
|
singathuka
|
singethuke
|
—
|
singethuke
|
2nd plural
|
ningathuka
|
—
|
ningathuka
|
ningethuke
|
—
|
ningethuke
|
Class 1
|
angathuka
|
—
|
engathuka
|
angethuke
|
—
|
engethuke
|
Class 2
|
bangathuka
|
—
|
bengathuka
|
bangethuke
|
—
|
bengethuke
|
Class 3
|
ungathuka
|
—
|
ungathuka
|
ungethuke
|
—
|
ungethuke
|
Class 4
|
ingathuka
|
—
|
ingathuka
|
ingethuke
|
—
|
ingethuke
|
Class 5
|
lingathuka
|
—
|
lingathuka
|
lingethuke
|
—
|
lingethuke
|
Class 6
|
angathuka
|
—
|
engathuka
|
angethuke
|
—
|
engethuke
|
Class 7
|
singathuka
|
—
|
singathuka
|
singethuke
|
—
|
singethuke
|
Class 8
|
zingathuka
|
—
|
zingathuka
|
zingethuke
|
—
|
zingethuke
|
Class 9
|
ingathuka
|
—
|
ingathuka
|
ingethuke
|
—
|
ingethuke
|
Class 10
|
zingathuka
|
—
|
zingathuka
|
zingethuke
|
—
|
zingethuke
|
Class 11
|
lungathuka
|
—
|
lungathuka
|
lungethuke
|
—
|
lungethuke
|
Class 14
|
bungathuka
|
—
|
bungathuka
|
bungethuke
|
—
|
bungethuke
|
Class 15
|
kungathuka
|
—
|
kungathuka
|
kungethuke
|
—
|
kungethuke
|
Class 17
|
kungathuka
|
—
|
kungathuka
|
kungethuke
|
—
|
kungethuke
|
|
Immediate future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngizothuka
|
engizothuka
|
ngizothuka
|
angizuthuka
|
engingezuthuka
|
ngingezuthuka
|
2nd singular
|
uzothuka
|
ozothuka
|
uzothuka
|
awuzuthuka
|
ongezuthuka
|
ungezuthuka
|
1st plural
|
sizothuka
|
esizothuka
|
sizothuka
|
asizuthuka
|
esingezuthuka
|
singezuthuka
|
2nd plural
|
nizothuka
|
enizothuka
|
nizothuka
|
anizuthuka
|
eningezuthuka
|
ningezuthuka
|
Class 1
|
uzothuka
|
ozothuka
|
ezothuka
|
akazuthuka
|
ongezuthuka
|
engezuthuka
|
Class 2
|
bazothuka
|
abazothuka
|
bezothuka
|
abazuthuka
|
abangezuthuka
|
bengezuthuka
|
Class 3
|
uzothuka
|
ozothuka
|
uzothuka
|
awuzuthuka
|
ongezuthuka
|
ungezuthuka
|
Class 4
|
izothuka
|
ezothuka
|
izothuka
|
ayizuthuka
|
engezuthuka
|
ingezuthuka
|
Class 5
|
lizothuka
|
elizothuka
|
lizothuka
|
alizuthuka
|
elingezuthuka
|
lingezuthuka
|
Class 6
|
azothuka
|
azothuka
|
ezothuka
|
awazuthuka
|
angezuthuka
|
engezuthuka
|
Class 7
|
sizothuka
|
esizothuka
|
sizothuka
|
asizuthuka
|
esingezuthuka
|
singezuthuka
|
Class 8
|
zizothuka
|
ezizothuka
|
zizothuka
|
azizuthuka
|
ezingezuthuka
|
zingezuthuka
|
Class 9
|
izothuka
|
ezothuka
|
izothuka
|
ayizuthuka
|
engezuthuka
|
ingezuthuka
|
Class 10
|
zizothuka
|
ezizothuka
|
zizothuka
|
azizuthuka
|
ezingezuthuka
|
zingezuthuka
|
Class 11
|
luzothuka
|
oluzothuka
|
luzothuka
|
aluzuthuka
|
olungezuthuka
|
lungezuthuka
|
Class 14
|
buzothuka
|
obuzothuka
|
buzothuka
|
abuzuthuka
|
obungezuthuka
|
bungezuthuka
|
Class 15
|
kuzothuka
|
okuzothuka
|
kuzothuka
|
akuzuthuka
|
okungezuthuka
|
kungezuthuka
|
Class 17
|
kuzothuka
|
okuzothuka
|
kuzothuka
|
akuzuthuka
|
okungezuthuka
|
kungezuthuka
|
|
Remote future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyothuka
|
engiyothuka
|
ngiyothuka
|
angiyuthuka
|
engingeyuthuka
|
ngingeyuthuka
|
2nd singular
|
uyothuka
|
oyothuka
|
uyothuka
|
awuyuthuka
|
ongeyuthuka
|
ungeyuthuka
|
1st plural
|
siyothuka
|
esiyothuka
|
siyothuka
|
asiyuthuka
|
esingeyuthuka
|
singeyuthuka
|
2nd plural
|
niyothuka
|
eniyothuka
|
niyothuka
|
aniyuthuka
|
eningeyuthuka
|
ningeyuthuka
|
Class 1
|
uyothuka
|
oyothuka
|
eyothuka
|
akayuthuka
|
ongeyuthuka
|
engeyuthuka
|
Class 2
|
bayothuka
|
abayothuka
|
beyothuka
|
abayuthuka
|
abangeyuthuka
|
bengeyuthuka
|
Class 3
|
uyothuka
|
oyothuka
|
uyothuka
|
awuyuthuka
|
ongeyuthuka
|
ungeyuthuka
|
Class 4
|
iyothuka
|
eyothuka
|
iyothuka
|
ayiyuthuka
|
engeyuthuka
|
ingeyuthuka
|
Class 5
|
liyothuka
|
eliyothuka
|
liyothuka
|
aliyuthuka
|
elingeyuthuka
|
lingeyuthuka
|
Class 6
|
ayothuka
|
ayothuka
|
eyothuka
|
awayuthuka
|
angeyuthuka
|
engeyuthuka
|
Class 7
|
siyothuka
|
esiyothuka
|
siyothuka
|
asiyuthuka
|
esingeyuthuka
|
singeyuthuka
|
Class 8
|
ziyothuka
|
eziyothuka
|
ziyothuka
|
aziyuthuka
|
ezingeyuthuka
|
zingeyuthuka
|
Class 9
|
iyothuka
|
eyothuka
|
iyothuka
|
ayiyuthuka
|
engeyuthuka
|
ingeyuthuka
|
Class 10
|
ziyothuka
|
eziyothuka
|
ziyothuka
|
aziyuthuka
|
ezingeyuthuka
|
zingeyuthuka
|
Class 11
|
luyothuka
|
oluyothuka
|
luyothuka
|
aluyuthuka
|
olungeyuthuka
|
lungeyuthuka
|
Class 14
|
buyothuka
|
obuyothuka
|
buyothuka
|
abuyuthuka
|
obungeyuthuka
|
bungeyuthuka
|
Class 15
|
kuyothuka
|
okuyothuka
|
kuyothuka
|
akuyuthuka
|
okungeyuthuka
|
kungeyuthuka
|
Class 17
|
kuyothuka
|
okuyothuka
|
kuyothuka
|
akuyuthuka
|
okungeyuthuka
|
kungeyuthuka
|
|
Present subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngithuke
|
ngingathuki
|
2nd singular
|
uthuke
|
ungathuki
|
1st plural
|
sithuke
|
singathuki
|
2nd plural
|
nithuke
|
ningathuki
|
Class 1
|
athuke
|
angathuki
|
Class 2
|
bathuke
|
bangathuki
|
Class 3
|
uthuke
|
ungathuki
|
Class 4
|
ithuke
|
ingathuki
|
Class 5
|
lithuke
|
lingathuki
|
Class 6
|
athuke
|
angathuki
|
Class 7
|
sithuke
|
singathuki
|
Class 8
|
zithuke
|
zingathuki
|
Class 9
|
ithuke
|
ingathuki
|
Class 10
|
zithuke
|
zingathuki
|
Class 11
|
luthuke
|
lungathuki
|
Class 14
|
buthuke
|
bungathuki
|
Class 15
|
kuthuke
|
kungathuki
|
Class 17
|
kuthuke
|
kungathuki
|
|
Past subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngathuka
|
ngangathuka, angathuka, angangathuka
|
2nd singular
|
wathuka
|
wangathuka, awathuka, awangathuka
|
1st plural
|
sathuka
|
sangathuka, asathuka, asangathuka
|
2nd plural
|
nathuka
|
nangathuka, anathuka, anangathuka
|
Class 1
|
wathuka
|
wangathuka, akathuka, akangathuka
|
Class 2
|
bathuka
|
bangathuka, abathuka, abangathuka
|
Class 3
|
wathuka
|
wangathuka, awathuka, awangathuka
|
Class 4
|
yathuka
|
yangathuka, ayathuka, ayangathuka
|
Class 5
|
lathuka
|
langathuka, alathuka, alangathuka
|
Class 6
|
athuka
|
angathuka, awathuka, awangathuka
|
Class 7
|
sathuka
|
sangathuka, asathuka, asangathuka
|
Class 8
|
zathuka
|
zangathuka, azathuka, azangathuka
|
Class 9
|
yathuka
|
yangathuka, ayathuka, ayangathuka
|
Class 10
|
zathuka
|
zangathuka, azathuka, azangathuka
|
Class 11
|
lwathuka
|
lwangathuka, alwathuka, alwangathuka
|
Class 14
|
bathuka
|
bangathuka, abathuka, abangathuka
|
Class 15
|
kwathuka
|
kwangathuka, akwathuka, akwangathuka
|
Class 17
|
kwathuka
|
kwangathuka, akwathuka, akwangathuka
|