tarthu
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Welsh
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From tarth (“haze, mist”) + -u.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (North Wales) IPA(key): /ˈtarθɨ̞/
- (South Wales) IPA(key): /ˈtarθi/
Verb
[edit]tarthu (first-person singular present tarthaf)
Usage notes
[edit]The verbnoun or dictionary form of a verb, such as this entry, is employed as a masculine singular noun in Welsh to express an uncountable verbal noun. The corresponding countable noun is usually derived morphologically from the related verb.
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation (literary)
| singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
| present indicative/future | tarthaf | sychderthi | tartha | tarthwn | sychderthwch, tarthwch | tarthant | sychderthir | |
| imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional |
tarthwn | tarthit | tarthai | tarthem | tarthech | tarthent | sychderthid | |
| preterite | sychderthais | sychderthaist | tarthodd | tarthasom | tarthasoch | tarthasant | tarthwyd | |
| pluperfect | tarthaswn | tarthasit | tarthasai | tarthasem | tarthasech | tarthasent | tarthasid, tarthesid | |
| present subjunctive | tarthwyf | sychderthych | tartho | tarthom | tarthoch | tarthont | tarther | |
| imperative | — | tartha | tarthed | tarthwn | sychderthwch, tarthwch | tarthent | tarther | |
| verbal noun | tarthu | |||||||
| verbal adjectives | tarthedig tarthadwy | |||||||
Conjugation (colloquial)
| Inflected colloquial forms | singular | plural | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |
| future | tartha i, tarthaf i | tarthi di | tarthith o/e/hi, tarthiff e/hi | tarthwn ni | tarthwch chi | tarthan nhw |
| conditional | tarthwn i, tarthswn i | tarthet ti, tarthset ti | tarthai fo/fe/hi, tarthsai fo/fe/hi | tarthen ni, tarthsen ni | tarthech chi, tarthsech chi | tarthen nhw, tarthsen nhw |
| preterite | tarthais i, tarthes i | tarthaist ti, tarthest ti | tarthodd o/e/hi | tarthon ni | tarthoch chi | tarthon nhw |
| imperative | — | tartha | — | — | tarthwch | — |
| Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh. | ||||||
Derived terms
[edit]- sychdarthu (“to sublimate”)
- tarthiad (“evaporation”)
See also
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “tarthu”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies