tabairt

Old Irish

Alternative forms

• tabart (original nominative)
• tabirt

Etymology

From to- +‎ bert.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtaβər͈ʲtʲ/, [ˈtaβɨr͈ʲtʲ]

Noun

tabairt f

1. verbal noun of do·beir
   • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 6^a13

     is deidbir ha áigthiu ar is do thabirt díglae berid in claideb sin

     it is reasonable to fear him, for it is to inflict punishment that he bears that sword

   • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 22^c10

     Is bés trá dosom aní-siu cosc inna mban i tossug et a tabairt fo chumacte a feir, armbat irlamu de ind ḟir fo chumacte Dǽi, co·mbí íarum coscitir ind ḟir et do·airbertar fo réir Dǽ.

     This, then, is a custom of his, to correct the wives at first and to bring them under the power of their husbands, so that the husbands may be the readier under God’s power, so that afterwards the husbands are corrected and bowed down in subjection to God.

   • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 74^c20

     Húare ro·comallada inna imneda ⁊ fo·ruirmed cenn forsnaib cotarsnaib du·rairngirt-siu, is fíri{ri}én trá fuä n-indas sin tabart díglae foraibsom.

     Because the troubles have been fulfilled, and an end has been put to the adversities that you sg have promised, it is just, then, to inflict vengeance on them in that way.

2. gift
3. wage

Usage notes

The form tabairt was originally the accusative/dative singular form to the nominative tabart, but since verbal nouns are most often found as the object of a preposition in Old Irish, this form spread to the nominative already in the course of Old Irish.

Declension

Feminine ā-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	tabairtL, tabart	tabairtL	tabarthaH
Vocative	tabairtL, tabart	tabairtL	tabarthaH
Accusative	tabairtN	tabairtL	tabarthaH
Genitive	tabairteH	tabairtL	tabairtN
Dative	tabairtL	tabarthaib	tabarthaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective: H = triggers aspiration L = triggers lenition N = triggers nasalization

Descendants

• Irish: tabhairt
• Scottish Gaelic: toirt
• Manx: toyrt, coyrt (the latter with conflation with cor (“putting”))

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
tabairt	thabairt	tabairt pronounced with /d(ʲ)-/
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 tabairt”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language