synful

Middle English

Alternative forms

• senful, sinful, sunfol, sunful, sunvol, sunvul, synffol, synfull
• cynfulle, sinfull, symful, synfle, synneful (Late Middle English)
• senvul, zenvol (Kent)

Etymology

Inherited from Old English synful; equivalent to and sometimes remodelled after synne +‎ -ful, though the disyllabic form remains predominant.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsin(ə)ful/, /ˈsɛn-/, /ˈsun-/

Adjective

synful (plural and weak singular synfulle)

1. Sinful; having sinned, guilty of sin.
2. Sinful; morally or religiously wrong.
3. (Northern, rare) Relating to hell.
4. (Early Middle English, rare) Unbaptised; lacking a baptism.
5. (rare) Unlucky; ill-fortuned.

Descendants

• English: sinful
• Scots: sinfu

Noun

synful (plural synfulle)

1. A sinful individual.

References

• “sinful, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.

Old English

Alternative forms

• synnful, synfull

Etymology

From synn +‎ -ful.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsyn.ful/

Adjective

synful

1. sinful
   • "Gospel of Saint John", chapter 9, verse 25

     And hē cwæð, Ġif hē synful is, þæt ic nāt; ān þing ic wāt, þæt ic wæs blind and þæt ic nū ġesēo.

     And he said, if he is sinful, which I don't know; one thing I know, that I was blind and that I now see.

2. (substantive) a sinner

Declension

Declension of synful — Strong

Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	synful	synful	synful
Accusative	synfulne	synfulle	synful
Genitive	synfulles	synfulre	synfulles
Dative	synfullum	synfulre	synfullum
Instrumental	synfulle	synfulre	synfulle
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	synfulle	synfulla, synfulle	synful
Accusative	synfulle	synfulla, synfulle	synful
Genitive	synfulra	synfulra	synfulra
Dative	synfullum	synfullum	synfullum
Instrumental	synfullum	synfullum	synfullum

Declension of synful — Weak

Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	synfulla	synfulle	synfulle
Accusative	synfullan	synfullan	synfulle
Genitive	synfullan	synfullan	synfullan
Dative	synfullan	synfullan	synfullan
Instrumental	synfullan	synfullan	synfullan
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	synfullan	synfullan	synfullan
Accusative	synfullan	synfullan	synfullan
Genitive	synfulra, synfullena	synfulra, synfullena	synfulra, synfullena
Dative	synfullum	synfullum	synfullum
Instrumental	synfullum	synfullum	synfullum

Descendants

• Middle English: synful, senful, sinful, sunfol, sunful, sunvol, sunvul, synffol, synfull, cynfulle, sinfull, symful, synfle, synneful (Late Middle English), senvul, zenvol (Kent)
  • English: sinful
  • Scots: sinfu

References

• Joseph Bosworth and T. Northcote Toller (1898) “synfull”, in An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary‎^[1], 2nd edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.