swdfj

Egyptian

Etymology

s- (causative prefix) +‎ wdfj (“to be(come) late, to delay”).

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /sɛwɛdɛfi/
  • Conventional anglicization: sewedefi

Verb

 caus. 4ae inf.

1. (transitive) to delay

Inflection

Conjugation of swdfj (causative triliteral / caus. 3-lit. / caus. 3rad.) — base stem: swdf

infinitival forms imperative infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural swdf swdfw, swdf swdft swdf swdf ‘pseudoverbal’ forms stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2 swdf ḥr swdf m swdf r swdf suffix conjugation aspect / mood active passive contingent aspect / mood active passive perfect swdf.n swdfw, swdf consecutive swdf.jn active + .tj1, .tw2 active + .tj1, .tw2 terminative swdft perfective3 swdf active + .tj1, .tw2 obligative1 swdf.ḫr active + .tj1, .tw2 imperfective swdf active + .tj1, .tw2 prospective3 swdfw, swdf, swdfy swdfw, swdf, swdfy potentialis1 swdf.kꜣ active + .tj1, .tw2 active + .tj1, .tw2 subjunctive swdf active + .tj1, .tw2 verbal adjectives aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles active passive active passive perfect swdf.n active + .tj1, .tw2 — — perfective swdf active + .tj1, .tw2 swdf swdf, swdfw5, swdfy5 imperfective swdf, swdfy, swdfw5 active + .tj1, .tw2 swdf, swdfj6, swdfy6 swdf, swdfw5 prospective swdf, swdftj7 — swdfwtj1 4, swdftj4, swdft4 1 Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. 2 Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. 3 Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. 4 Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. 5 Only in the masculine singular. 6 Only in the masculine. 7 Only in the feminine.

References

• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 374.