survivre

French

Etymology

Inherited from Old French survivre, from Latin supervīvō, from super + vīvō. Equivalent to sur- +‎ vivre.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /syʁ.vivʁ/

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

survivre (intransitive)

1. to survive
2. to survive [with à ‘an accident, etc.’]
   • 2019, Géraldine Massot, La prophétie des papillons:

     À combien de petites morts ai-je survécu ?

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

3. to outlive [with à ‘someone’]

Conjugation

Conjugation of survivre (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	survivre
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	survivant /syʁ.vi.vɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		survécu /syʁ.ve.ky/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	survis /syʁ.vi/	survis /syʁ.vi/	survit /syʁ.vi/	survivons /syʁ.vi.vɔ̃/	survivez /syʁ.vi.ve/	survivent /syʁ.viv/
	imperfect	survivais /syʁ.vi.vɛ/	survivais /syʁ.vi.vɛ/	survivait /syʁ.vi.vɛ/	survivions /syʁ.vi.vjɔ̃/	surviviez /syʁ.vi.vje/	survivaient /syʁ.vi.vɛ/
	past historic2	survécus /syʁ.ve.ky/	survécus /syʁ.ve.ky/	survécut /syʁ.ve.ky/	survécûmes /syʁ.ve.kym/	survécûtes /syʁ.ve.kyt/	survécurent /syʁ.ve.kyʁ/
	future	survivrai /syʁ.vi.vʁe/	survivras /syʁ.vi.vʁa/	survivra /syʁ.vi.vʁa/	survivrons /syʁ.vi.vʁɔ̃/	survivrez /syʁ.vi.vʁe/	survivront /syʁ.vi.vʁɔ̃/
	conditional	survivrais /syʁ.vi.vʁɛ/	survivrais /syʁ.vi.vʁɛ/	survivrait /syʁ.vi.vʁɛ/	survivrions /syʁ.vi.vʁi.jɔ̃/	survivriez /syʁ.vi.vʁi.je/	survivraient /syʁ.vi.vʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	survive /syʁ.viv/	survives /syʁ.viv/	survive /syʁ.viv/	survivions /syʁ.vi.vjɔ̃/	surviviez /syʁ.vi.vje/	survivent /syʁ.viv/
	imperfect2	survécusse /syʁ.ve.kys/	survécusses /syʁ.ve.kys/	survécût /syʁ.ve.ky/	survécussions /syʁ.ve.ky.sjɔ̃/	survécussiez /syʁ.ve.ky.sje/	survécussent /syʁ.ve.kys/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	survis /syʁ.vi/	—	survivons /syʁ.vi.vɔ̃/	survivez /syʁ.vi.ve/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Derived terms

• survie
• survivant

Further reading

• “survivre”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Old French

Alternative forms

• sourvivre

Etymology

From Latin supervivere. Equivalent to sur- +‎ vivre.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /syɾˈvivɾə/

Verb

survivre

1. to survive (to outlive, for example a spouse)
2. to survive (to continue to exist)

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a third-group verb. This verb has irregularities in its conjugation. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

    Conjugation of survivre (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)

		simple			compound
infinitive		survivre			avoir survescu
gerund		en survivant			gerund of avoir + past participle
present participle		survivant
past participle		survescu
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	il	nos	vos	il
simple tenses	present	survif	survis	survit	survivons	survivez	survivent
	imperfect	survivoie, surviveie	survivoies, surviveies	survivoit, surviveit	surviviiens, surviviens	surviviiez, surviviez	survivoient, surviveient
	preterite	survesqui	survesquis	survesquié	survesquimes	survesquistes	survesquierent
	future	survivrai	survivras	survivra	survivrons	survivroiz, survivreiz, survivrez	survivront
	conditional	survivroie, survivreie	survivroies, survivreies	survivroit, survivreit	survivriiens, survivriens	survivriiez, survivriez	survivroient, survivreient
compound tenses	present perfect	present tense of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect tense of avoir + past participle
	past anterior	preterite tense of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future tense of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional tense of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que jo	que tu	qu’il	que nos	que vos	qu’il
simple tenses	present	survive	survives	survive	survivons	survivez	survivent
	imperfect	survesquisse	survesquisses	survesquist	survesquissons, survesquissiens	survesquissoiz, survesquissez, survesquissiez	survesquissent
compound tenses	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nos	vos	–
		—	survif	—	survivons	survivez	—

Descendants

• → English: survive
• French: survivre

References

• Godefroy, Frédéric, Dictionnaire de l’ancienne langue française et de tous ses dialectes du IX^e au XV^e siècle (1881) (sourvivre, supplement)
• survivre on the Anglo-Norman On-Line Hub