sulla
Appearance
English
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Punjabi ਸੁੱਲ (sulla), a mispronunciation of Punjabi ਮੁੱਲਾ (mullā, “mullah, Islamic religious leader”), derived from Classical Persian ملا (mullā), from Arabic مُلَّا (mullā).
Noun
[edit]sulla (plural sullas)
Usage notes
[edit]- The term is generally used by Hindutva supremacists.
Synonyms
[edit]See also
[edit]Anagrams
[edit]Finnish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Contracted from the standard form sinulla.
Pronoun
[edit]sulla
- (colloquial) adessive singular of sä
Icelandic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Norse sulla (“to swill”), perhaps from Old Norse sollr, *sullr (“swill, slop for pigs”), from Proto-Germanic *swulaz (“swill”), from Proto-Indo-European *swel- (“to wash, wash down, gulp, swallow”). Cognate with English swill. Compare also Old Norse svalla (“to drink heavily, swill”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]sulla (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative sullaði, supine sullað)
- to splash around, to splash about
- Þetta er mynd af Önnu að sulla.
- This is a picture of Anna splashing.
- to spill
- Ég sullaði mjólkinni.
- I spilled the milk.
Usage notes
[edit]- The verb sulla and sulla saman (“to mix together”) denote a hint of apathy, carelessness or casualness of the doer's actions.
- This verb may be found childish.
- In the sense of "spilling" the preposition á (“on”) may be added to give information as to where one spilled something:
- Ég sullaði mjólk á gólfið.
- I spilled milk on the floor.
- Ég sullaði mjólk á gólfið.
Conjugation
[edit]sulla — active voice (germynd)
infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að sulla | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
sullað | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
sullandi | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég sulla | við sullum | present (nútíð) |
ég sulli | við sullum |
þú sullar | þið sullið | þú sullir | þið sullið | ||
hann, hún, það sullar | þeir, þær, þau sulla | hann, hún, það sulli | þeir, þær, þau sulli | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég sullaði | við sulluðum | past (þátíð) |
ég sullaði | við sulluðum |
þú sullaðir | þið sulluðuð | þú sullaðir | þið sulluðuð | ||
hann, hún, það sullaði | þeir, þær, þau sulluðu | hann, hún, það sullaði | þeir, þær, þau sulluðu | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
sulla (þú) | sullið (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
sullaðu | sulliði * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að sullast | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
supine (sagnbót) |
sullast | ||||
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
sullandist ** ** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses | ||||
indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
present (nútíð) |
ég sullast | við sullumst | present (nútíð) |
ég sullist | við sullumst |
þú sullast | þið sullist | þú sullist | þið sullist | ||
hann, hún, það sullast | þeir, þær, þau sullast | hann, hún, það sullist | þeir, þær, þau sullist | ||
past (þátíð) |
ég sullaðist | við sulluðumst | past (þátíð) |
ég sullaðist | við sulluðumst |
þú sullaðist | þið sulluðust | þú sullaðist | þið sulluðust | ||
hann, hún, það sullaðist | þeir, þær, þau sulluðust | hann, hún, það sullaðist | þeir, þær, þau sulluðust | ||
imperative (boðháttur) |
sullast (þú) | sullist (þið) | |||
Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
sullastu | sullisti * | ||||
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. |
sullaður — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)
strong declension (sterk beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
sullaður | sulluð | sullað | sullaðir | sullaðar | sulluð | |
accusative (þolfall) |
sullaðan | sullaða | sullað | sullaða | sullaðar | sulluð | |
dative (þágufall) |
sulluðum | sullaðri | sulluðu | sulluðum | sulluðum | sulluðum | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
sullaðs | sullaðrar | sullaðs | sullaðra | sullaðra | sullaðra | |
weak declension (veik beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
nominative (nefnifall) |
sullaði | sullaða | sullaða | sulluðu | sulluðu | sulluðu | |
accusative (þolfall) |
sullaða | sulluðu | sullaða | sulluðu | sulluðu | sulluðu | |
dative (þágufall) |
sullaða | sulluðu | sullaða | sulluðu | sulluðu | sulluðu | |
genitive (eignarfall) |
sullaða | sulluðu | sullaða | sulluðu | sulluðu | sulluðu |
Derived terms
[edit]- sulla á (“to spill on”)
- sulla saman (“to mix something”)
Related terms
[edit]Italian
[edit]Contraction
[edit]sulla
Maltese
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]sulla f (plural silel)
- Alternative form of silla: French honeysuckle (Hedysarum coronarium)
Northern Sami
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Samic *sulë.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]sulla
- approximation, resemblance (of something)
- estimate
Inflection
[edit]Even a-stem, ll-l gradation | ||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | sulla | |||||||||||||||||||||
Genitive | sula | |||||||||||||||||||||
Singular | Plural | |||||||||||||||||||||
Nominative | sulla | sulat | ||||||||||||||||||||
Accusative | sula | sulaid | ||||||||||||||||||||
Genitive | sula | sulaid | ||||||||||||||||||||
Illative | sullii | sulaide | ||||||||||||||||||||
Locative | sulas | sulain | ||||||||||||||||||||
Comitative | sulain | sulaiguin | ||||||||||||||||||||
Essive | sullan | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
Derived terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- Koponen, Eino, Ruppel, Klaas, Aapala, Kirsti, editors (2002–2008), Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages[1], Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland
Votic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *suladak.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]sulla
- (intransitive) to melt, thaw
- (intransitive) to dissolve
Inflection
[edit]Conjugation of sulla (type III-4/ellä, no gradation, gemination) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative | |||||
Present | Perfect | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | sulan | en sula | 1st singular | õõn sulannu | en õõ sulannu |
2nd singular | sulad | ed sula | 2nd singular | õõd sulannu | ed õõ sulannu |
3rd singular | sulab | eb sula | 3rd singular | on sulannu | eb õõ sulannu |
1st plural | sulammõ | emmä sula | 1st plural | õõmmõ sulannu | emmä õõ sulannu |
2nd plural | sulattõ | että sula | 2nd plural | õõttõ sulannu | että õõ sulannu |
3rd plural | sulõta | eväd sula | 3rd plural | õlla sulõttu | eväd õõ sulõttu |
impersonal | sulõta | eväd sula | impersonal | õlla sulõttu | eväd õõ sulõttu |
Imperfect | Pluperfect | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | sulin | en sulannu | 1st singular | õlin sulannu | — |
2nd singular | sulid | ed sulannu | 2nd singular | õlid sulannu | — |
3rd singular | suli | eb sulannu | 3rd singular | õli sulannu | — |
1st plural | sulimmõ | emmä sulannu | 1st plural | õlimmõ sulannu | — |
2nd plural | sulittõ | että sulannu | 2nd plural | õlittõ sulannu | — |
3rd plural | sulõtti | eväd sulõttu | 3rd plural | õlti sulõttu | — |
impersonal | sulõtti | eväd sulõttu | impersonal | õlti sulõttu | — |
Conditional | |||||
Present | Perfect | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | sulaizin | en sulaizʹ | 1st singular | õllõizin sulannu | en õllõizʹ sulannu |
2nd singular | sulaizid | ed sulaizʹ | 2nd singular | õllõizid sulannu | ed õllõizʹ sulannu |
3rd singular | sulaizʹ | eb sulaizʹ | 3rd singular | õllõizʹ sulannu | eb õllõizʹ sulannu |
1st plural | sulaizimmõ | emmä sulaizʹ | 1st plural | õllõizimmõ sulannu | emmä õllõizʹ sulannu |
2nd plural | sulaizittõ | että sulaizʹ | 2nd plural | õllõizittõ sulannu | että õllõizʹ sulannu |
3rd plural | sulõttaizʹ | eväd sulõttaizʹ | 3rd plural | õltaizʹ sulõttu | eväd õltaizʹ sulõttu |
impersonal | sulõttaizʹ | eväd sulõttaizʹ | impersonal | õltaizʹ sulõttu | eväd õltaizʹ sulõttu |
Imperative | |||||
Present | |||||
positive | negative | ||||
1st singular | — | — | |||
2nd singular | sula | elä sula | |||
3rd singular | sulago1) | elko sulago1) | |||
1st plural | — | — | |||
2nd plural | sulaga | elka sulaga | |||
3rd plural | sulagod1) | — | |||
impersonal | — | — | |||
Nominal forms | |||||
Infinitives | Participles | ||||
active | passive | ||||
1st | sulla | present | sulajõ2) | — | |
2nd | illative | sulama | past | sulannu | sulõttu |
inessive | sulamõz | 1) using la is more common 2) also used as the agent noun | |||
elative | sulamõssõ | ||||
abessive | sulamõttõ |
References
[edit]- Hallap, V., Adler, E., Grünberg, S., Leppik, M. (2012) “sulaa”, in Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn
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